Sociology Chapter 1

According to Emile Durkheim, a category of people with a higher suicide rate typically has:

lower social integration.

Using e-mail has made it easy, fast, and inexpensive for family members who live in different parts of the United States to keep in touch. This is a ____ function of e-mail.

manifest

Jane Addams

was concerned about the exploitation of the lower class

Which sociologist introduced the concept of anomie to the discipline?

Émile Durkheim

In this sociologist's hierarchy of sciences, sociology was the "queen" and its practitioners "scientist-priests."

Auguste Comte

Learning more sociology helps us to:

Be more active participants in society Assess the truth of "common sense" Assess the opportunities and constraints in our lives

Which sociologist introduced the concept of the sociological imagination?

C. Wright Mills

Durkheim's research suggested that

Catholics had much higher suicide rates than Protestants

Making use of the sociological perspective encourages:

Challenging commonly held beliefs.

Which sociological perspective would be interested in studying the world of education to see how public schools maintain the imbalance of power in society?

Conflict Perspective

Which theoretical perspective would be interested in studying the way different societies carry out weddings and marriage ceremonies? (i.e. - studying the use of "unity candles")

Conflict Perspective

Which of the following best describes the sociological perspective?

It focuses on how external factors shape human behavior

______ emphasizes that people can communicate because they share words, gestures, and physical objects that have similar meanings to all of them.

Symbolic Interactionists

More than 1 million immigrants enter the United States each year and many (including Arnold Schwarzenegger and Gloria Estefan) have become well known. These facts support the conclusion that:

The world's nations are increasingly interconnected.

Which of the following sociologists would probably want to study the impact that race has on homelessness?

W.E.B. DuBois

In the box about Barbara Ehrenreich working at low wage jobs, we learned that she:

Worked very hard but never made enough money to pay for her basic needs.

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists:

reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strafe idea that society shapes our lives.

Within sociology, a/an __________ is a set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or behavior.

theory

The controversy surrounding research on human sexual behavior raises the issue of value neutrality.

true

Examples of people applying their knowledge of sociology at work include people in:

Law enforcement understanding which categories of people are at high risk of becoming victims of crime. Medicine understanding patterns of health in a community. People in business who deal with different categories of people.

Which of the following is a reason that it is important to understand the world beyond our own borders?

Many problems that we face in the United States are far more serious elsewhere. Studying other societies is a good way to learn more about ourselves. Nations the world over are increasingly interconnected.

Which sociological perspective holds that if an aspect of social life does not contribute to a society's stability or survival if it does not serve some identifiably useful function or promote value consensus among members of society?

functionalist perspective

Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the _____ in the ______.

general; particular

Several members of a little league team begin wearing their baseball caps backwards and soon the entire team is following this style. This is an example of

group conformity

The text presents portraits of a "global village." Which of the following statements about this village is true?

half the people do not get enough to eat.

The United States falls within which category of the world's nations?

high income nations

The nations of Europe, Isreal, Japan, and Australia fall into which of the following categories of countries?

high income nations

Because there is more social isolation in rural areas of the United States than in urban areas, we would expect suicide rates to be

higher in rural areas

Which perspective has begun to study a new form of commuter behavior called "slugging"

interactionist perspective

Which theoretical perspective would examine sports on the micro level by focusing on how day-to-day social behavior is shaped by the distinctive norms, values, and demands of the world of sports?

interactionist perspective

Anomie refers to

the loss of direction felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective.

sociology is

the scientific study of social behavior and human groups.

a sociological analysis of childbearing around the world suggests that the number of children born to a woman reflects:

whether she herself was born into a poor or rich society.

In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which category of people listed below?

white males

The pioneering sociologists who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was:

Emile Durkheim

Sarah is spending a summer living in another country where people have a way of life that differs from her own. A sociologist might expect that this experience would lead her to:

End up with a greater understanding of both a new way of life and her own way of life.

Read the following statements. Only one of them is TRUE. Which one is it?

Gaining a global understanding is important to college students because eight of ten new U.S. jobs involve international trade.

Which of the following sociologists would probably want to study the issue of homelessness from a feminist point-of-view?

Harriet Martineau

Sociology provides an advantage to students preparing for later careers by preparing them for work:

In all of the above careers and many others, including business, education, law enforcement, and social work.

Which sociologist below tried to establish a juvenile court system?

Jane Addams

Sociologist Lenore Weitzman carried out research showing that women who divorce:

Suffer a significant loss on income.

Which of the following historical changes is among the factors that stimulated the development of sociology as the discipline?

The rise of industrial factories and cities.

What might a sociologist say about people's selection of marriage partners?

Typically, a person marries someone of similar social position.

Weber taught his students that they should employ what in their intellectual work?

Verstehen

When you try to understand your friend's feelings by placing yourself in her situation, you are using...

Verstehen

The "In the Times" article explains that having a college degree today is:

Very important if you are to have financial security and be in the middle-class.

Which sociologist below made a major contribution to society through his in-depth studies of urban life, both black and white?

W.E.B. Du Bois

Three campus roommates are talking about why they are in college. A sociological view of going to college highlights the effect of:

age, because college students tend to be young. class, because college students tend to come from families with above-average incomes. our place in history, becasue a century ago going to college was not an option for most people.

According to Karl Marx, a communistic society would

be classless

Sociologists use the term "social marginality" to refer to:

being defined by others as an "outsider."

The distribution of power is most important in which of the following theoretical perspectives?

conflict perspective

Which sociological perspective assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of tension between competing groups?

conflict perspective

If marginality encourages sociological thinking, we would expect people in which category listed below should to make the most use of the sociological perspective?

disabled persons or people who are a racial minority

Following the thinking of C. Wright Mills, we would have expected the sociological imagination to be more widespread:

during times of social crisis.

In a sample, every member of an entire population being studied has the same chance of being selected.

false

Secondary analysis is the systematic coding and objective recording of data, guided by some rationale.

false

When sociologists want to study a possible cause-and-effect relationship, they conduct participant observation research.

false

The ______ emphasizes the contributions of each part of society and how these parts work together to create a unified whole.

functionalist perspective

Using e-mail has decreased the number of hand-written letters that people send to their friends and relatives. This is a ____ function of e-mail.

latent

One function that a university serves is to hold down unemployment. This is an example of what kind of function?

latent function

Almost all of Latin America and Asia falls within which of the following categories?

middle income nations

Which of the following categories contains countries in which average income is typical for the world as a whole and in which people are as likely to live in a rural area as in an urban area?

middle income nations

C. Wright Mills claimed that the "sociological imagination" transformed:

personal problems into public issues.

Which discipline defines itself as "the systematic study of human Society?"

sociology

When a baby waves "bye-bye," she is using a

symbol

The idea that the social world guides our actions and life choices just as the seasons influence activities and choice of clothing describes:

the essential wisdom of the discipline of sociology.