Sociology EX 4

Which of the following is an effect of food deserts for minorities?

They are only located in densely populated urban areas.

The Occupy Wall Street movement demonstrates the efficacy of:

hashtag activism and the new role technology is playing in social movement organizing.

During the Great Depression in the 1930s, huge numbers of dispossessed U.S. farmers left places like Oklahoma and moved to California. This is an example of:

internal migration

When did African Americans gain the legal right to exercise their right to vote?

with the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act

AIDS is distributed disproportionately throughout the world. Approximately ________ of cases occur in the wealthy, industrialized nations.

4 percent

The Industrial Revolution made cities necessary, as a large number of people were needed to work in factories, but ever since, many people have found city life attractive. Why?

Cities offer a high degree of personal freedom

The sociologist Richard Sennett argues that we have seen the "fall of public man" and have become much more likely to seek refuge in "ties of family or intimate association." Given this, what else would you expect Sennett to believe?

Few people can take pleasure in great cities, which are full of strangers

How did the rise of the suburbs affect the way people used their leisure time?

It encouraged them to spend their leisure time in their own homes.

In what sense is it now possible for a country to be "occupied" by an invisible invader that arrives through airwaves and wireless networks?

It is almost impossible to block foreign countries' satellite broadcasts and Internet transmissions.

If a sociologist is studying the problems associated with resource depletion, which of the following facts might he or she be interested in when he or she investigates the way our society uses paper?

It requires more than three pounds of tree pulp to make one pound of paper.

Why is it important to address that, today, approximately 75 percent of patients die in hospitals or nursing homes in the United States?

It shows how death has been medicalized.

Marcia, a female, and Mario, a male, are both fifty-year-old Hispanics. Marcia has a similar socioeconomic status to Mario, but both of them adhere closely to traditional gender role expectations. According to information from Chapter 14, what prediction could we make about them?

Marcia will live a longer life than Mario.

What does the sociologist Richard Sennett mean when he says that modernity has seen the "fall of public man"?

People increasingly spend time with their immediate families or those with whom they have intimate associations, and the home becomes the site of leisure activities.

How are changes in technology changing the nature of recreation?

Recreation is moving inside the home and away from public spaces.

How did Marshall McLuhan believe that the world would turn into a "global village"?

Television and other media technology would link people all over the world.

You live in a densely populated American city, are nonwhite, and survive on a low income. According to Chapter 14 of your text, it is likely that you live in:

a food desert.

Experts have posited that Syria's change from a stable country to an unstable country is due in part to an extensive drought. In part, then, the recent social change in Syria is due to:

a major physical event.

What do sociologists call the customs and values expressed in a particular place and in the interactions of the people who hang out there?

an idioculture

Which of the following is a major area of concern within the four analytic frameworks of environmental sociology?

attitudes about the environment

Epidemiologists are currently studying the role of ________ in the spread of diseases globally.

climate change

People who believe that the government is not doing enough about climate change have gotten fed up and are starting to organize, which means they are starting to:

coalesce

The ancient Greeks understood this well: A person who is completely private is lost to civic life. The exclusive pursuit of one's self-interest is not even a good prescription for conduct in the marketplace; for no social, political, economic, or moral order can survive that way. What idea or belief system is being described in this quote?

communitarianism

The movement that attempts to rebuild group values and a sense of collective responsibility is called:

communitarianism

Today, four companies sell more than 80 percent of the music purchased in the United States, although this fact is not obvious because the four companies have purchased many smaller record labels over the years. What is this called?

concentration of media power

Michael Moore's film Sicko explores the U.S. health-care system and compares it to other nations' health-care systems through the eyes of everyday people. One segment tells the story of a little girl in the United States who needed an expensive surgery to restore her hearing. The insurance company agreed to perform the surgery on one ear, but not both. They reasoned that the child would be able to hear out of one ear and did not really need to have hearing in both. The child's parents sent a letter to the insurance company explaining that they were being interviewed by Moore for the film, adding, "Has your CEO ever been in a film before?" Shortly after this, the insurance company notified the family that the child's surgery had been approved. Which theory best explains this family's experience?

conflict

During the first decade of the twenty-first century, daily newspapers were in trouble all across the country, many having closed and many others poised to do so. This worried some scholars who believed that newspapers are vital for maintaining:

democracy.

Today in Zambia, the economy is in serious trouble, and even the tourist industry has suffered. However, there are several plans to develop self-sustaining big game parks where tourists could go and see indigenous plants and wildlife. This is an example of:

ecotourism

An industry dumps waste in an area adjacent to where minorities reside. What is this practice called?

environmental racism

What is the name of the subdiscipline that studies the social causes and consequences of environmental problems?

environmental sociology

A social movement's long-term development often looks a lot like:

failure

A neighborhood where there is no grocery store but there are more liquor stores, convenience and drug stores, and fast food outlets than most other locations is referred to as a:

food desert.

A public goods dilemma occurs when:

individuals must give something to a collective resource without necessarily taking anything in return.

Jordan has been suffering from sinus pain for several months, and his physician prescribes over-the-counter decongestants and acupuncture. This is an example of ________ medicine.

integrative

On average, participants in social movements are:

more socially engaged than nonparticipants.

Epidemiologists predict that ________ rates may dramatically increase when vector organisms and animals enter new ecosystems due to global climate change.

plague

Kea tries to take good care of herself. She works out regularly, gets plenty of rest, and eats well. Her approach to health is most closely aligned with:

preventive medicine.

Sociologists who focus on how practical constraints and opportunities can help or hinder a social movement are using:

resource mobilization theory.

Some urban planners are working hard to make sure their communities use the same land for multiple purposes, especially by using the land "vertically"—that is, having apartments on top of retail space. This type of planning is called:

smart growth.

Chris McCandless lived on his own in the wilderness because he felt constrained and betrayed by a society that cared so little for its individual members. What term describes the attitude to which McCandless objected?

social atomization

In the past, the vast majority of people lived in rural areas and small towns where it was truly shocking to encounter a genuine stranger, but today most of us live in cities where we are constantly surrounded by total strangers. This leads directly to:

social atomization.

Death and illness in a population is bad for the productivity of the system and is a destabilizing force. Which theory takes this approach to medicine?

structural functionalism

The attempt to reconcile global economic development with protections for the environment is called:

sustainable development.

Which historical event convinced American scholars that NOT all social movements can be explained in terms of the psychological needs of their members?

the Civil Rights Movement

Which political party made social justice, community-based economics, feminism, and diversity central to its platform?

the Green Party

What part of Stuart Hall's theory resembles the magic bullet model?

the assumption that specific ideological messages are loaded into cultural products

In countries where ________ has happened, there no longer is a "natural increase" in population.

the demographic transition

In the 1990s, many isolated individuals began to see the growth of federal prison populations as a problem. Later they would form groups to protest the policies that imprisoned so many, but first they were part of:

the incipient stage of a social movement.

Talcott Parsons researched ________ from a structural functionalist perspective.

the sick role

What features of modern life do social movements like Critical Mass protest?

the way automobiles make other forms of transportation less feasible

What sort of places can provide opportunities for people to connect in ways that relieve alienation and anomie?

third places