Sociology Exam 2

Not all citizens are equally represented by a democratic government.

True

Prejudice is rooted in generalizations or stereotypes.

True

Queer theory emphasizes the idea of a single gay, lesbian, bisexual, heterosexual, or transgender identity.

True

What are religions called that worship one divine figure? a. pluralistic c. monotheistic b. secular d. Judeo-Christian

c. monotheistic

Which theoretical explanation for suicide emphasizes there must be something about a place that makes people suicidal? a. psychological c. selection b. contagion d. ecological

c. selection

Modern economies require constant growth, and with that growth comes an ever-increasing need for resources, called: a. global dimming. c. the treadmill of production. b. economic modernization. d. the new ecological paradigm.

c. the treadmill of production

There are no positive consequences to constructing categories of race and ethnicity

False

Gender is biologically natural

false

In all societies across the globe, men and women have always performed different tasks to help the family function, and these roles have always been considered unequal.

True

The family is created and sustained through interactional work

True

The Environmental Protection Agency claims that the United States has one of the safest supplies of drinking water in the world, but: a. 10 percent of U.S. water systems do not meet EPA standards. b. the EPA has covered up systematic contamination of the water supply. c. most Americans still complain of waterborne disease. d. most of the U.S. water supply comes from desalinization plants.

a. 10 percent of U.S. water systems do not meet EPA standards

Public schools that are run by private entities are called: a. charter schools. c. homeschools. b. religious schools. d. secular schools.

a. charter schools

Rape culture is unique to college campuses.

False

Cultural appropriation benefits the minority group by taking that group's symbols and turning them into a commodity for profit.

False

How did the Industrial Revolution change the common meaning of family? a. It stopped mattering whether children were present. b. Family no longer exclusively referred to people who shared a household. c. It shifted the meaning from nuclear family to extended family. d. It shifted the meaning from extended family to nuclear family.

It shifted the meaning from extended family to nuclear family

A person who is not prejudiced may still participate in discrimination

True

The belief that Asians are genetically predisposed to be more intelligent than Europeans is an example of: a. discrimination. c. racial passing. b. racism. d. pluralism

b. Racism

What kind of task is calling a family member to wish him a happy birthday? a. a family task c. an operative task b. an expressive task d. an instrumental task

b. an expressive task

What is one common reason why victims of domestic abuse stay in abusive relationships? a. They are waiting for someone to save them. b. They do not feel responsible for their own abuse. c. They do not have the resources to get away. d. The abusive partner treats them well all the time.

c. They do not have the resources to get away

How do people with an anthropocentric relationship with the environment perceive nature? a. as something to be preserved b. as a place to find spiritual truth c. as something to be conquered d. as something to be studied and examined before it is tainted by human activity

c. as something to be conquered

JDate, a dating website for Jewish people, is sometimes used by non-Jews who are very interested in dating Jews. These non-Jews are practicing: a. monogamy. c. homogamy. b. exogamy. d. polyandry

c. exogamy

What is a group of medical treatments and products called that includes practices like acupuncture, homeopathy, hypnosis, and meditation, as well as traditional healers like shamans and movement therapies like Pilates? a. ObamaCare b. the Medical Care Act of 2010 c. naturopathy d. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

d. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)

From a structural functionalist perspective, religion fulfills what role in society? a. It makes women subservient to men. b. Its shows religious organizations how to become agents of change. c. It is an instrument against oppression and exploitation. d. It provides its adherents with a set of values, norms, and rules by which to live.

d. It provides its adherents with a set of values, norms, and rules by which to live.

The study of the size, composition, distribution, and change in a human population is called: a. environmental sociology. c. conservationism. b. an ecological paradigm. d. demography.

d. demography

If someone starts taking public transportation and riding a bicycle, this person is reducing his or her: a. anthropocentrism. c. gentrification. b. white flight. d. ecological footprint.

d. ecological footprint

Sometimes child welfare agencies are called to investigate a child who never seems to have clean clothing and is very skinny. The suspicion would be that the child is a victim of: a. neglect. c. violence. b. incest. d. eldest child syndrome.

a. neglect

What problem will result from even slightly higher global temperatures? a. rising sea levels c. larger islands b. loss of sites to store garbage d. gentrification

a. rising sea levels

Which political party made social justice, community-based economics, feminism, and diversity central to its platform? a. the Green Party c. the Libertarian Party b. the Republican Party d. the Natural Law Party

a. the Green Party

Which of the following helped lead to rapid population growth in Europe in the eighteenth century, around the time of Thomas Malthus? a. the potato c. the automobile b. penicillin d. better methods of contraception

a. the potato

If a music critic used the term "miscegenation" metaphorically, what would he or she call "musical miscegenation"? a. the way white country music and black blues music come together to make rock and roll b. the way pop stars become disconnected from their roots c. the way the press treats pop superstars and the effect this has on contemporary music d. the role the piano has played in twentieth-century jazz

a. the way white country music and black blues music come together to make rock and roll

How would a sociologist define "family"? a. two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption who share a household b. an interdependent social group bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties c. a group of related people who share a household d. almost any social group so long as members share responsibilities for raising children

b. an interdependent social group bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties

People of lower socioeconomic status are more likely to be scrutinized as problem drinkers or drug addicts. Which theory takes this approach to understanding addiction? a. structural functionalism c. developmental sociology b. conflict d. sick role

b. conflict

People who use violent or criminal methods to disrupt or destroy businesses or organizations that they believe are harming the environment are called: a. environmental racists. c. slow growth advocates. b. ecoterrorists. d. conservationists.

b. ecoterrorists

The city of Mumbai, India, has fourteen million people, making it the second-largest city in the world, and Mumbai handles the majority of India's maritime commerce. These facts help to explain why Mumbai would be called a(n): a. metropolitan statistical area. c. agglomeration. b. global city. d. agrarian area.

b. global city

When describing transgender people, some newspapers, magazines, and other media tend to use genderinappropriate names or pronouns, as well as other language that trans persons find insensitive or offensive. This is an example of: a. homophobia c. sexism b. microaggression d. patriarchy

b. microaggression

Displays of ethnic identity that only occur on special occasions are called: a. celebratory ethnicity. c. situational ethnicity. b. symbolic ethnicity. d. religious identity.

b. symbolic ethnicity

In 1971 Daniel Ellsberg, working for the Department of Defense, found a large collection of classified documents that showed that many members of the U.S. government did not believe the Vietnam War was winnable, despite public assertions to the contrary. Ellsberg turned to the Fourth Estate, giving the documents to: a. Judge William Byrne. c. U.S. Senator Mike Gravel. b. the New York Times. d. a member of the vice president's staff

b. the New York Times

The second-wave feminist movement was associated with the issue of: a. gaining voting rights for women. b. women's equal access to employment and education. c. rights of women in the Third World. d. marginalization of black women.

b. women's equal access to employment and education

Many health inequities that people of lower socioeconomic status experience are further exacerbated in ________ groups. a. older c. minority b. family d. majority

c. minority

What do sociologists ask you to consider regarding health and illness? a. how biomedical models are superior to other explanations b. the physical roots of health and illness c. how health and illness are shaped by social factors d. their similarities throughout the world

c. how health and illness are shaped by social factors

Epidemiologists predict that rates of certain diseases or viruses may dramatically increase when vector organisms and animals enter new ecosystems due to global climate change. Which of the following have epidemiologists linked to climate change? a. diabetes c. malaria b. obesity d. HIV/AIDS

c. malaria

Asperger's syndrome, one disorder in the autism spectrum family, first appeared in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) in 1994 and was later removed in the fifth edition in 2013, to be folded back into autism spectrum disorder. This is an example of: a. changing professional norms. c. medicalization. b. indecisiveness. d. a social movement.

c. medicalization

Feminist theory has contributed to our understanding of gender by supporting the claim that: a. gender is no longer an influence on social life. b. gender inequality is rooted in biological differences between men and women. c. women continue to have unequal positions in society, as reflected in the ways their contributions have been written out of history books. d. only women in positions of power can achieve gender equality.

c. women continue to have unequal positions in society, as reflected in the ways their contributions have been written out of history books

The "Jim Crow" laws in the American South, which mandated separate facilities for whites and blacks, were an example of: a. population transfer. c. individual discrimination. b. assimilation. d. institutional discrimination.

d. institutional discrimination.

Jordan has been suffering from sinus pain for several months, and his physician prescribes over-the-counter decongestants and acupuncture. This is an example of ________ medicine. a. conventional c. curative b. alternative d. integrative

d. integrative

The exploitation of a minority group within the dominant group's political borders is called: a. racial assimilation. c. ethnic conflict. b. population transfer. d. internal colonialism.

d. internal colonialism

When whites are less than half the population of any given state, it is called a ________ state. a. pluralistic c. minority b. postmodern d. majority-minority

d. majority-minority

The methods and tactics of managing a political entity are called: a. power. c. fascism. b. totalitarianism. d. politics.

d. politics

The attempt to reconcile global economic development with protections for the environment is called: a. biodiversity. c. social demographics. b. environmental integrity. d. sustainable development.

d. sustainable development.

In her ethnography of high school boys titled Dude, You're a Fag, sociologist C. J. Pascoe found that boys often use homophobic slurs toward each other in an effort to define masculinity for themselves and other boys. This is an example of: a. the influence that peers can have as agents of socialization b. the inability of school officials to manage the behavior of young boys c. the prestige that boys have over girls in schools d. the consequences that all-boys schools can have on male behavior

d. the consequences that all-boys schools can have on male behavior