Sociology Exam 3

What does the future bring for the institution of marriage?

No Danger of Becoming a Relic Cohabitation and Age at Marriage Grandparents as Parents Equality in Marriage on Horizon

What are the different types of families

Nuclear Family Single Parent Family Extended Family Blended Family Childless Family Same-Sex Family

What are the positive and negative reasons to get married?

A big commitment Sharing your life with someone The stages of life Growing old with someone Maturity Great support system Motivation Your achievements feel empty Meaning to life

What are examples of Social Movements?

Anti Tax Movement: Establish fair taxation American Revolution: Life liberty and the pursuit of happiness Abolition Movement: To outlaw slavery States Rights Movement: Challenge the authority of the central government Women's Rights Movement: Equality of rights. The temperance Movement: Prohibit Consumption of alcohol Labor Movement Fair workplace practices protections Civil Rights Movement: Equal rights for African Americans and the end of segregation Anti War Movement: To end the Vietnam War and raise the social consciousness Environmental Movement: Preserve our natural resources and the sanctity of our planet.

Describe the difference between unilinear, multilinear, and cyclical theories

Can have multiple ways to change This theory holds that change can occur in multiple ways and doesn't have to take the same path. These theories have now been discredited Changes always proceed to linear change

What are the top five metropolitan areas in the U.S.?

Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York City

What country currently has the largest population?

China

What are some of the characteristics of divorce rates in the U.S. today?

Half of couples getting married now will divorce at some point

What does the term "Serial Fatherhood" mean?

Dad that keeps in contact with children for about a year after divorce, then gets remarried and focuses on new family only. The Kid is the most important

Why do many employers rely on diplomas and degrees when hiring?

Diplomas Serve as Sorting Devices Needed to sort out who is capable to work Completing a college degree demonstrates responsibility consistency and basic skills Some professions require highly specialized training Appropriate credentials normally receive advancement

What are the academic degrees in higher education?

Doctoral Degree, Masters Degree, Bachelor's, Associates degree

What are latent functions according to the Functionalist Perspective?

Education provides manifest and latent functions such as: learning skills, knowledge, social integration, trackingDysfunctions= school violence and mediocrity Manifest Functions Learning skills and knowledge Social Integration: Mainstreaming Cultural transmission of values Tracking and Gatekeeping Child Care Sex Education

What are the characteristics of what is important for a marriage to be successful

Emotional and sexual attraction, cognitive "feeling of being in love"

What is the projected growth of population in the major religious groups?

Everyone except Jews increase

What were the three processes of social change identified by William Ogburn?

His theory Social change is based largely on Technology Invention: Which can be material or social like capitalism. Discovery: A new way of seeing things getting people to change from manual operations to computer operations. Diffusion: Which is the spread of an invention or idea from one area to another

What are the reasons why people in the Lest Industrialized Nations have so many children?

How do mothers and fathers view parenthood Fathers get status Women respect the dominance of a male Community Support They respect the amount of status. A sign of gods blessing Reliance on Childenr in Old Age Because there are no nursing homes and it is obligation for children to take care of their parents when they're older

What are the examples and sources of social change that had a lasting impact on society?

Industrial revoultion Post Industrial Society Weather Climate Climate of people

What are the stages in the life course of Social movements?

Initial Unrest Agitation:Small group of people tend to stir up public issues. To gain widespread support Resource Mobilization: Becomes more respected leaders become more respectful. The movement will begin to attract media attention Organization: Chain of command the rules and guidelines and job specification take place. Institutionalization: The movement becomes bureaucratic. Organizational decline or Resurgence:

What is the projected undergraduate enrollment in degree-granting postsecondary institutions?

It will increase by 26%

What are the alternative schools in the U.S.

Magnet Schools Increase the diversity of the campus. Attract students on a Voluntary basis. More personalized instruction. Part of a regular system Charter Schools: Online learning. They don't get an opportunity to be with their peers. The small groups of teachers could be given contracts or charters. Freedom of Choice: Parents don't have to send their childern to send their child into a local school district. They can send them to a private school, religious school or magnet school Homeschooling:

What are the Push and Pull Factors dealing with population?

Make people want to leave where they are living because of poverty Attract people into the area due to new jobs

Define the following: church, ritual, cults

Moral community centered on beliefs and practices regarding the sacred, Ceremonies/ repetitive practices that use symbols to help unite people into a moral community a system of religious veneration and devotion directed toward a particular figure or object.

What is meant by Gentrification?

Movement of middle class people into run down areas of a city

What are some of the trends of the U. S. families?

Postponing Marriage and Childbirth: They are postponing marriage but no Cohabitation. Cohabitation Assumes commitment as long as it's working out. Unmarried Mothers: It has doubled 50% 29% are divorced, 21% are separated or widowed 1/3 white 1/3 black 1/4 hispanic. Single mothers income earn well below what married mothers earn. Single mothers 36,000 dollars a year Married Mothers 85,000 dollars. Grandparents as Parents PA passed a law for grandparents can become step parents. Family harmony if the kids are teens it's tough to be raised by grandparents especially with different values and coming from a different generation. Financial support, Separation from you peers, Emotional health of the children and grandparents. Sandwich Generation; Care for their aging parents while supporting their own children also support different members of their family. The club sandwich: Sandwiched between grandparents adult children parents and grand children The open faced sandwich: Anyone else involved in care.

What are the Confucian Values of the Asian American Families

Provide framework for family life: humanism, collectivity, self-discipline, hierarchy, respect for elderly, moderation, obligation

What are the four broad categories of social movements?

Reform (reformative) Movements: Change something specific against culture Revolutionary Movements: They seek to completely change every access of society Redemptive Movements: Meaning seeking. To provide inner change or spiritual growth. Alternative Movements: Are focused on self-improvement Resistance movements: They seek to prevent or undo the change.

What is Urban Renewal?

Rehabilitation of a rundown area which results in displacement of the poor that are living in that area

What is Social Change?

Shift in characteristics of culture and society

What is the difference between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft?

Strong personal relationships to Civil society to association.

What are some of the problems with the U. S. Educational System?

Test Assessments The amount of time students spend in school. Lack of respect we have for the teaching profession A lack of regard for arts education. Other Problems in US Education Rising Tide of Mediocrity Unequal Funding Cheating Grade Inflation Social Promotion Functional Illiteracy Violence in Schools

What is an example of cults

The Children of god.

What family members are the most common offenders of "incest"?

The Uncle

What types of people live in cities

The cosmopolites The intellectuals The singles Young unmarried people that come in hopes for a job in the entertainment industry The Ethnic Villagers Live in tight neighborhoods. The deprived The very poor and emotionally disturbed along with the handicapped. The trapped (four subtypes) Those who cannot afford to move Falling from a higher social class The elderly Have drifted into the slums Alcoholics and drug addicts.

What are the models of Urban Growth

The sector Model The multiple nuclei Model The perchipical model

What is meant by Demography?

The study of the size composition growth and distribution of populations.

What are the positions that Anti-Malthusians most likely embrace?

The world's population is undergoing a three-stage growth cycle.

What is the Equalitarian Social System?

generally characterized by the idea that all humans are equal in fundamental worth or moral status

What is Environmental Injustice?

is a disproportionate share of an environmental risk between groups that are different due to income, race, religion, class etc.

What is propaganda?

is used to present information in order to influence people The mass media plays a crucial role in the success of social movements

What is the most influential form of Homogamy?

same racial/ ethnic background