Sociology Exam

When studying social phenomena, which level of analysis is more useful: Micro sociological or Macro sociological?

Both are useful in different ways because they each provide different types of information about the same object of study.

How do sociologists observe society?

By studying the various parts of society and the ways they interact and influence one another.

Culture wars are...

Clashes within mainstream society over values and norms that should be upheld.

Which of the following terms is used to describe a group with values and norms that oppose the dominant culture?

Counterculture

What term describes a policy of honoring diverse racial, ethnic, national, and linguistic backgrounds?

Multiculturalism

What do sociologists call the norms and values that people actually follow.

Real culture

What are four nonmaterial culture examples?

Slang, respect, cooking and superstition.

According to C. Wright Mills, what is one quality of mind that all great sociologists possess?

Sociological imagination

In the movie Mean Girls, students identify each other using categories like "jocks" "cheerleaders", "skaters" and "nerds". These classifications of different groups represent what aspect of culture?

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

What is the sociological imagination?

The ability to understand the interplay between the self and larger social forces

Unlike folkways, Mores are closely relates to?

The core values of a group

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was an activist organization in the 1960s that protested the Vietnam War, racial injustice, and economic exploitation. The organization largely favored direct action and protest, most of which opposed traditional organizing and politics. What could you say that members of SDS were part of bases on this information?

A counterculture

The slogan "what happens in Vagas, stays in Vagas" is an example of...

A moral holiday

The structural functionalist theory is concerned with how structures contribute to the stability of society. What is a structure?

A social institution that is stable over time and helps meet the needs of society.

A cultural group that exists harmoniously within a larger, dominant culture is called a...

A subcukture

What is it called when someone has the ability to understand another culture in terms of that culture's own norms and values without reference to any other culture's standards?

Cultural relativism

The term *blank* refers to the entire way of life of a group of people.

Culture

A reality television show called Home Sweet Home has families swapped homes and lives for several days. During the swap, the families are exposed to daily routines very different from the ones they are used to. Although the show is meant to be entertaining, it also demonstrates the sociological principle of...

Culture shock

The values, norms, and practices of the most powerful group within a society are called...

Dominant culture

*blank* is taboo in American society.

Eating human flesh

Microsociology is an approach that...

Examines interactions between individuals and how those interactions reflect larger societal patterns.

Macrosociology is an approach that...

Examines large-scale social structures to see how they affect individual lives.

True or false: Norms are universal across cultures, time periods, and situations.

False

*blank* is the sociological term for signs people make with their bodies.

Gestures

When the dominant culture persuades the rest of society, without the use of force, that its ideas are the only or best ideas, it has achieved.

Hegemony

We occasionally see stories in the media about a high-profile individual, such as a religious or political leader, who does something society views as wrong despite the individual often being seen as a moral leader. These stories are examples od a disconnect between which two culture concepts?

Ideal and real culture

Why is it beneficial for everyone, even people who will never take a sociology class, to develop a sociological imagination?

It can help people become aware of the connections between their own lives and the larger course of history.

Why is it beneficial for us, as sociologists, to experience culture shock?

It makes us realize we lack an understanding of our surroundings so we can perceive what is right in front of us.

Sociology can be defined as the systematic and scientific study of human society and social behavior from *blank* to *blank*

Large-scale institutions; individual interactions

Folkways are...

Loosely enforced norms involving common customs, practices, or procedures.

A sociology student conducts a study of objects commonly left unclaimed in the "lost and found" at their college. They are researching:

Material Culture

Examples of *blank* are the furniture and artwork in a building.

Material Culture

What is the relationship between the self and society according to symbolic interactionism?

The self is shaped by society, but society is also shaped by the self.

Macrosociology and micro sociology approach the study of society from different perspectives. What is a statement that explains how these two approaches are viewed within the discipline of sociology?

The two approaches are on a continuum, and sociologists can adopt the perspective more useful for a problem.

Many American colleges and universities require students to take classes on non-Western cultures. Why do these requirements exist?

To demonstrate the value of multiculturalism and to reduce ethnocentrism

True or false: Sociologists claim that culture is the lens through which we perceive and evaluate what is going on in the world around us.

True

Ethnocentrism refers to...

Using one's own culture as a standard by which to judge others.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination requirements and mask mandates have become a point of controversy. Many individuals argue such mandates violate their personal rights, whereas others see them as sound public health measures. Which sociological concept best allows one to see the connection between the personal and the public?

beginners mind