Sociology Final Exam

In 2007, intimate partner violence account for more than 2,300 deaths. What percent of these victims were male?

30 percent

Approximately what percentage of the nation's population age 16 years and older are innumerate?

30%

The Soron family consists of a male breadwinner, a female housewife, and their children. A sociologist might see the Soon family as statistically interesting, because this family type represents about ________ of today's US families

6%

Hypertension is directly related to stress, which can be attributed to being poor. However, poor African Americans in the US have rates of hypertension that are similar to middle- and upper-class African Americans. What could explain this?

Even middle- and upper-class African Americans may still experience discrimination

Which of the following is one of the ways sociologists study religion?

Identifying the purposes religion serves for individuals and society

Why do megachurches use sales techniques such as formatting the Bible like a magazine, with photographs of attractive teens and advice about fashion and friendship?

Megachurches use sales and marketing techniques that are effective in their broader culture

What is a major reason unions are on the decline in the united states, today?

People don't trust unions, saying they are corrupt and outdated.

Jeremy used to be religious, but after he spent a summer doing antipoverty advocacy work in New Orleans, he became an atheist. He says, "I agree with Karl Marx! Religion really is the opium of the masses." Which of the following statements reflects Jeremy's agreement with Marx?

Religion pacifies people with promises of rewards in the afterlife; therefore, they do not challenge the subjugating, exploitative, and alienating social conditions in this life.

With regard to the effects of families on children's educational outcomes, which of the following is true?

When a family goes from two to three children, middle children are significantly more affected by the loss of family resources

What is one reason men have higher mortality rates than women?

Women are more likely to seek medical help

Which term refers to a legally recognized person who shares many of the rights of a human individual as well as the ability to act as a legal entity by entering into contracts or owning property?

a corporation

Which of the following is an example of an interest group?

a corporation lobbying to win a government contract

Tamra is a medical doctor who is driving to the park. On her way, she passes by the scene of an accident. In U.S. society, the expectation that Tamara has:

a moral obligation to stop and try to help

Which of the following is an example of a legal-rational institution?

a prison

Steve developed a mental illness in young adulthood. He seeks treatment but doesn't want to talk about his past. He says, "It's just genetic—nothing could have changed it." Influenced by Delores Malaspina's research, Steve's psychiatrist wants to know about Steve's past marijuana intake, because smoking marijuana could:

change the way genes are expressed

In the 1970s, a man by the name of Jim Jones persuaded 900 people to commit suicide in Guyana. He was the leader of the Peoples Temple, and his personal appeal allowed him to have this power over his followers. Weber would call this _______ authority

charismatic

Amira is an obstetrician who regularly tests for developmental obnormalities in fetuses in her Chicago practice and believes it promotes better outcomes for mothers and infants. She is planning a year of professional service in India and is concerned that in the social context, closely examining a fetus while a other is pregnant may

contribute to families choosing to abort female fetuses

When Marie becomes a medical doctor and sets up her office for the first time, she sets her desk in a manner so it is between her and the patient. It just seems like the right thing to do. Sociologists study this practice and see that it:

establishing the power of the doctor

In her native country of India, Malina's family would have insisted that she marry someone of a similar ethnicity and social class. Her family has immigrated to the United States, and though her family disapproves, Malina marries a Hawaiian man she has fallen in love with. Her choice reflects her preference for the US marriage rule of:

exogamy

Contrary to popular belief

girls and boys score about the same in national math tests.

Nani is a Zambian girl who needs advice regarding a friendship conflict. Following the norms of her culture, she is likely to seek advice from:

her aunt

John and Monique are married. Both of their parents live with them, as does John's sister and brother-in-law and some nieces and nephews. This is known as a ____________ network.

kinship

Melinda is a woman with advanced diabetes who no longer works or performs household tasks for her family. Her husband and children work to support the household and care for her. She won't take insulin and won't change her diet because she says she is too sick. Using Talcott Parson's role theory, we can see that Melinda is:

living out the part of the sick role, but failing to meet her obligation to comply with doctor's orders

The Bell Telephone Company, which for decades was the only provider of the telephone service in the United States, was a(n)

monopoly

______trade agreements, such as NAFTA, encourage business at a regional or worldwide level

multilateral

The Frith family consists of a mother, a father, and their biological children. Sociologists classify this as a(n) ________ family.

nuclear

there are two producers of wagon wheels that together are the exclusive providers to a large community. The executives of these companies meet to set minimum prices and production levels, thereby ensuring that they each will make a higher profit than they would in a free market. This is an example of a(n):

oligopoloy

The coleman report was a systematic large-scale evaluation of data from students and school facilities. It concluded that differences in school characteristics explained:

only a small portion of educational differences between schools

which of the following is an example of social capital?

parents volunteer to work in the library of a public school that does not have the funding to pay a librarian

According to the state-centered approach, a politician from West Virginia who pushes a bill to improve health benefits for miners would do so to enhance his or her own

power

The trend in industrial nations toward a separation between church and state, a belief in rationality and science, and the movement away from religiosity and spiritual belief is known as:

secularism

When asked if they attend church services at least once a month, about 60% of Americans say they do. But when daily diaries of people's activities are examined, rates of church attendance are much lower. This problem of self-reporting of positive behaviors is known within sociology as:

social desirability bias

The longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites may be a sign of:

social inequality

Liam is a sociologist studying which factors determine health outcomes. He is doing a study that will refine the outcomes of the Whitehall Study. Thus, he looks at differences in health outcomes between the following groups:

teachers, lawyers, service workers

Eliana was given a ten-day course of antibiotics, but she stopped taking them once she started feeling better on day four. Eliana's decision seems to be personal, but it has social implications. What public health risk do we face if more and more people fail to complete prescribed courses of antibiotics?

the development of anti-microbial resistant antigens

In families where both spouses work for wages, the second shift can best be described as:

the domestic tasks that fall disproportionately on women in addition to their paid work

Authority most explicitly refers to:

the justifiable right to exercise power

it is difficult to make generalizations about Latino families in the US because:

their origins and geography are so diverse

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the notion of traditional family (stay-at-home mom and working father) in U.S. history? The traditional family:

was unique to a particular time in history (1950s) and in broader historical view, seems almost unusual

Recent trends indicate that weekly hours of housework done by men and women are converging. Which of the following statements indicates how household labor is divided by gender?

women do the housework and men help out