Sociology Week 9
The US Census defines a family as
"A group of two people or more (one of whom is the householder) related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together"
Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of U.S. households.
1
________ of single-mother families live below the official poverty line
34%
In 1960, divorce was generally uncommon, affecting only ________ out of every 1,000 married persons.
9
Marriage
A legally recognized social contract between two people, traditionally based on a sexual relationship and implying a permanence of the union.
Family life course
A model which recognizes the events that occur in the lives of families but views them as parting terms of a fluid course rather than in consecutive stages
According to the study cited by the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with:
A single parent
Family
A socially recognized group (usually joined by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption) that forms an emotional connection and serves as an economic unit of society.
Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they grew up with.
At least as close
Polygamy
Being married to two or more people at one time
The act of entering into marriage while still married to another person is referred to as ___________ and is considered a felony in most states.
Bigamy
Family of procreation
Describes one that is formed through marriage.
________ is a significant social problem in the United States. It is often characterized as violence between household or family members, specifically spouses.
Domestic violence
Ambilineal unilateral descent
Follows either the mother's line or the father's line depending on the situation
Patrilineal unilateral descent
Follows only the father's line
Matrilineal unilateral descent
Follows only the mother's line
In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce.
High-conflict
Sociologists tend to define family in terms of
How a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption
Omaia
In Japan, some parents hire a matchmaker to provide pictures and résumés of potential mates, and if the couple or group agrees, there will be a formal meeting with the matchmaker and often parents in attendance
The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last fifty years.
Increased in men and women
Matrilocal residence system
It is customary for the husband to live with his wife's blood relatives (or her family of orientation), the husband can feel disconnected and can be labeled as an outsider.
Patrilocal residence system
It is customary for the wife to live with (or near) her husband's blood relatives (or family or orientation).
Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model?
It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages
Shaken-baby syndrome
Medical symptoms such as brain swelling and retinal hemorrhage resulting from forcefully shaking or causing impact to an infant's head.
Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married.
More likely
Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)?
Nearly half of all IPV instances involve drugs or alcohol
Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States?
Neglect
The majority of U.S. children live in:
One parent households
Nuclear family
Referring to married parents and children as the nucleus, or core, of the group.
Polgyny
Refers to a man being married to more than one woman at the same time.
Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years.
Slightly less likely
The family stages according to Duvall
Stage Family Type Children 1 Marriage Family Childless 2 Procreation Family Children ages 0 to 2.5 3 Preschooler Family Children ages 2.5 to 6 4 School-age Family Children ages 6-13 5 Teenage Family Children ages 13-20 6 Launching Family Children begin to leave home 7 Empty Nest Family "Empty nest"; adult children have left home
Current divorce rates are
Steady declining
Conservatives tend to define the family in terms of
Structure with each family member filling a certain role (like father, mother, or child).
Family of orientation
The family into which a person is born
Sociologists tend to define the family more in terms of
The manner in which members relate to one another than on a strict configuration of status roles.
Family life cycle
The set of predictable steps and patterns families experience over time
Unilateral descent
The tracing of kinship through one parent only
Courtship
The traditional dating period before engagement and marriage (or long term commitment if marriage is not allowed).
Intimate partner violence
Violence between household or family members, specifically spouses. Also can include unmarried, cohabitating, and same-sex couples. Primary victims are women
Polyandry
When a woman is married to more than one man at a time
Bilateral descent
When both paternal and maternal ancestors are considered part of one's family.
Cohabitation
When couples share a residence but not a marriage
Monogamy
When someone is married to only one person at a time
