Solutions: Quiz 1 Chemistry preap

When the temperature of a saturated solution of potassium chlorate that is made with 100 g of water is cooled from 25°C to 10°C, some salt crystals reformed at the bottom of the beaker. How many grams of the potassium chlorate salt is at the bottom of the beaker? 20 g 10 g 5 g 15 g

5 g

Which of the following compounds are soluble in water? C and D A and D A. ammonia C. lead(II) iodide D. carbon tetrachloride A and B B and C B and D B. lithium carbonate

A and B

Which of the following are suspensions? A. dust in the air B. flour in water C. marshmallow D. Pepto Bismol E. salt water all of the above A, B, D B, C, D B and D only

A, B, D

The substance doing the dissolving

Solvent

Which of the following are solutions? A. mayonaisse B. air C. Kool-aid mixed with water D. steel E. salad dressing A, B, C A, C, D B, C, D A, D, E

B, C, D

Which of the following are colloids? A. Sand in water B. Kool-aid mixed in water C. Jello D. Fog E. Air C and D only A, B, D B, C, E A and C only

C and D only

Which of the following is not a property of solutions? A. Particles of a solution do not settle upon standing. B. Particles of a solution are too small to be filtered. C. Particles of a solution exhibit the Tyndall effect. D. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures. E. Particles of a solution are too small to be seen.

C. Particles of a solution exhibit the Tyndall effect

In which of the following cases is pressure a factor in the solubility of the solute in the solvent? Carbon dioxide is dissolved in sparkling wine. sugar is dissolved in water Alcohol is dissolved in water. Acetylene gas is mixed with oxygen in a blowtorch.

Carbon dioxide is dissolved in sparkling wine

Heterogeneous, Medium, cannot be filtered, do not settle upon standing, exhibit Tyndall effect, marshmallows, whipped cream, jelly

Colloid

Which of the following is not a property of colloids? Colloid particles do not settle upon standing. Colloid particles can be separated by filtration. Colloid particles exhibit the Tyndall effect. Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures. Colloids have two parts: dispersed phase and dispersion mediu

Colloid particles can be separated by filtration.

Why does crushing a solid increase the speed at which a solid dissolves? Crushing increases the amount of contact between the solute and the solvent. Crushing does not affect the speed at which a solid dissolves. Crushing causes the solute particles to separate from one another and spread out more quickly among the solvent particles. Crushing causes particles to move more quickly, causing them to spread out more quickly

Crushing increases the amount of contact between the solute and the solvent.

Identify the solute and solvent in 1.0 M copper(II) sulfate A. sulfate is the solute and copper is the solvent B. water is the solute and copper(II) sulfate is the solvent C. copper is the solute and sulfate is the solvent D. copper(II) sulfate is the solute and water is the solvent

D. copper(II) sulfate is the solute and water is the solvent

What occurs in solvation? Ionic compounds are formed. Solute ions separate from solvent molecules. Solvent molecules bind covalently to solute molecules. Solvent molecules surround solute ions.

Solvent molecules surround solute ions.

All of the following are weak electrolytes except-- Acetic Acid Ammonia Hydrofluoric Acid Hydrochloric Acid

Hydrochloric Acid

Which of the following statements is not true about nonelectrolytes? Examples of nonelectrolytes are sucrose and isopropyl alcohol. Nonelectrolytes dissolve in water but do not conduct an electric current. A nonelectrolyte will not cause a conductivity tester to glow. Ionic compounds are examples of nonelectrolytes.

Ionic compounds are examples of nonelectrolytes.

Which combination of solid and liquid would likely form a solution? Polar solid and nonpolar liquid Ionic solid and polar liquid Ionic solid and nonpolar liquid Nonpolar solid and polar liquid

Ionic solid and polar liquid (think Sodium and water)

Solid potassium chloride is added to water until no more can be dissolved at that temperature. Some solid remains at the bottom of the beaker. How would you describe the solution? It is a heterogeneous solution. It is a concentrated solution. It is a saturated solution. It is an unsaturated solution.

It is a saturated solution.

Alkali Metal (Group 1 Bases) Ca(OH)2 Sr(OH)2 Ba(OH)2

List of Strong Soluble Bases

HCl HBr HI H2SO4 HNO3 HClO4 *HClO3

List of strong acids

Why does mixing increase the speed at which a solid dissolves? Mixing causes the solute particles to separate from one another and to come in contact with the solvent sooner. Mixing does not affect the speed at which a solid dissolves. Mixing increases the amount of solvent particles. Mixing causes particles to move more quickly, causing them to spread out more quickly.

Mixing causes the solute particles to separate from one another and to come in contact with the solvent sooner.

is the process of dissolving an ionic solute

Solvation

The dissolved substance

Solute

A homogeneous mixture in which one substance dissolved in another substance

Solution

Heterogeneous, 0.01-1 nm (small), do not settle upon standing, do not exhibit the Tyndall effect, air, soda, alloys, salt water

Solution

Which of the following statements is true about strong electrolytes? Strong electrolytes cause conductivity testers to glow dimly. Strong acids and bases are examples of strong electrolytes. Strong electrolytes partially ionize in water. Non-polar compounds are examples of strong electrolytes.

Strong acids and bases are examples of strong electrolytes.

completely ionizes in water, conductivity tester to glow brightly, ad include strong acids (ex. HCl), strong bases (ex. NaOH) and soluble ionic compounds (NaCl)

Strong electrolyte

Heterogeneous, big, can be filtered, particles settle upon standing, exhibit Tyndall effect, Vinegar, muddy water

Suspension

Which of the following is not a property of suspensions? Particles in a suspension can be filtered. Suspension particles are too small to be seen. Particles in a suspension exhibit the Tyndall effect. Particles in a suspension will settle. A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture.

Suspension particles are too small to be seen.

. The dissolving process is endothermic when The energy released in solvation is about the same as the energy used in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. the energy released in solvation exceeds the energy used in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. The energy used in solvation exceeds the energy released in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. The energy released in solvation is less than the energy absorbed in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions. The energy used in solvation is about the same as the energy relased in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions.

The energy released in solvation is less than the energy absorbed in breaking up solute-solute and solvent-solvent interactions.

True or False. A saturated solution contains dissolved solute in equilibrium with undissolved solute. True False

True

The formation of tiny bubbles when a beaker of water is mildly heated indicates that water is being extensively hydrogen bonded. air is less soluble in water at higher temperature. the liquid is at its boiling point. water is being decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen.

air is less soluble in water at higher temperature.

Which of the following salts is insoluble in water? sodium chloride silver nitrate calcium carbonate copper(II) sulfate potassium bromide

calcium carbonate

A decrease in temperature usually ______ the solubility of salts in water. increases decreases does not change

decreases

The solubility of a gas such as oxygen in water ________ with increasing pressure. stays the same decreases increases

increases

Which of the following would not affect the rate of solution of a solid in a liquid? heating the solution increasing the pressure on the solution grinding up the solid shaking the solution

increasing the pressure on the solution

When the energy released by the formation of solvent-solute attractions is greater than the energy absorbed by overcoming solute-solute and solvent-solvent attractions, the dissolving process does not occur occurs rapidly is endothermic. is exothermic.

is exothermic.

Raising the temperature of a solvent causes the solvent-solvent collisions to become more frequent and less energetic less frequent and less energetic more frequent and more energetic less frequent and more energetic

more frequent and more energetic

a substance that dissolves in water to produce a solution that does not conduct an electric current, will not cause the bulb of a conductivity tester to glow, and includes sucrose and isopropyl alcohol

nonelectrolyte

An ionic compound has a solubility of 30 grams per 100 mL of water at room temperature. A solution containing 80 grams of the compound in 250 mL of water at the same temperature is saturated unsaturated supersaturated

saturated

If a seed crystal is added to a solution and it causes additional solute to precipitate out of solution, the original solution was unsaturated saturated supersaturated

saturated

a solution in which the dissolved substance is in equilibrium with the undissolved substance, contains the maximum amount of solute it can hold at a given temperature, If more solute is added, it will settle undissolved at the bottom of the solution.

saturated solution

If the solubility of a solid increases with temperature, a supersaturated solution of this solid could be prepared by ________ a saturated solution. rapidly coooling adding more solute to slowly heating rapidly heating slowly cooling

slowly cooling

Which of the following salts is soluble in water? iron(II) sulfide nickel(II) sulfide copper(II) sulfide sodium sulfide

sodium sulfide

solution contains more solute than a saturated solution under the same conditions, f a single crystal of solute is added to a supersaturated solution, the excess solute comes out of the solution and settles on the bottom, and Crystallization may occur.

supersaturated solution

Solubility is the amount of solvent that will dissolve a given amount of a solute at any temperature the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at any temperature the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature the process of dissolving a solute in a solvent

the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature

If a seed crystal is added to a solution and it dissolves, the original solution was supersaturated saturated unsaturated

unsaturated

the solution contains less solute than a saturated solution under the same conditions, If more solute is added, it will dissolve.

unsaturated solution

a substance that only partially ionizes in water, causes the bulb of a conductivity tester to glow dimly, and includes weak acids (ex. HC2H3O2), weak bases (ex. NH3) and only slightly soluble salts

weak electrolyte