South Asia
Why are snakes considered "holy" to Hindus?
B/c they came in with the floods that made SA's soil rich.
What country took over India?
Britain
Info on Christianity beginning in SA
Christian tradition in India is about as old as Christianity itself. St.Thomas (a Indian church) had the first converts in the state of Kerala (located in India) Later on the Portuguese and the British spread Christianity more throughout India (Calcutta and Goa) Christians and Muslims were very similar because they both ate meat and fish but Christians developed their own cooking techniques. Christians are different from the Muslims and Hindus b/c they can eat whatever meat they want while Muslims never eat pork and Hindus are vegans.
What other religion was spread through India other than Islam and Hinduism?
Christianity
What were the after effects of the first civilizations arising in the Indus Valley?
City-states became popular surrounding the Indus Valley, and this began communities with work forces for farming, building (construction), and art. Trade with different kingdoms and cultures developed (like Mesopotamia) and goods,customs,and people were exchanged.
Common veggies in South India
Common veggies in South India include raw bananas, roots, and leafy greens. Cooks often chop these vegetables into small pieces in order to increase their flavor. Also seafood, rice, and chilis are common in South India.
What are the results of following the Eightfold Path according to Buddhists beliefs?
Following the Eightfold Path is a way out the reoccurring cycle of reincarnation and suffering. Following these principles allows one to not have greed, hatred, rudeness, and errors (delusion) and also one is released from having karmic ties ( karma limits you) but instead having compassion for others, leading to gaining enlightenment (purity= goodness,honor)
Who was Gandhi?
Gandhi was a famous activist who fought for Indians rights with nonviolent protest which eventually lead to the freedom of India from British rule in 1947.
When was Gandhi born?
Gandhi was born on October 2nd 1869
What was Gandhi's approach to Indians mistreatment and how did he try and fix it? What is an example of his protests
Gandhi's approach to the discrimination against Indians was being nonviolent instead of being violent. Gandhi's tactic was to rebel against the Brits instead of listening to them (many ppl were killed/arrested). He also organized many marches and strikes and gave many speeches. He wanted for people to see what the British were doing to them was wrong. When Gandhi went to South Africa and got mistreated on a train, he went and rebelled against the "black bills" (Rowlatt Acts) which were laws that mistreated Indian ppl( he was Indian.) He has many protests there including the Massacre of Amritsar (1919) and a movement from 1920-22.
Who were the first people to inspire Gandhi to be nonviolent?
Gandhi's father and grandfather
How did Henry David Thoreau's book inspire Gandhi with his nonviolent marches?
Henry David Thoreau was a American author who wrote a book on civil disobedience which is how Gandhi got his ideas to free India from British rule
Why vegetarianism popular in India?
Hindu people(s) have respect for life forms, which is why vegetarianism is quite common in India (especially in the North).
What is the basic info about Hinduism?
Hinduism originates in India and is the oldest religion practiced today. Over 1 billion ppl practice Hinduism making it the third largest religion in the world. Hinduism is a very complex religion and many different forms of Hinduism are followed. Hinduism is not a singular belief system but instead has many variations. Although Hinduism has many variations, most Hindus all believe in the sacred scriptures, the Vedas, and some form of god.
What three religions were first introduced to South Asia?
Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism
Percentages of religions practiced in Bangladesh
In Bangladesh, around 90 percent of the population practices Islam, the remaining 10 percent of people practice either Hinduism or Buddhism.
What is one big difference between (Jainism and Buddhism) and (Hinduism)
In Hinduism, Hindus believe in god and that once they achieve Nirvana/become enlightened and join forces with God. In Buddhism and Jainism, most believe that their is no God and once you become enlightened you become a God. For Buddhism you become a Buddha.
Percentages of religions practiced in India
In India, 80 percent of the population practices Hinduism, 14 percent practices Islam, and the rest of the people either practice Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, or Jainism.
What is another difference food wise between North and South India?
In North India, there are distinct seasons which changes the types of vegetables growing throughout the year, while South India does not have distinct seasons ( mainly hot and humid there) and does not have changes in type of vegetables growing there. In North India, they're more vegetarian dishes.
Common veggies in North India
In North India, vegetables are served in dishes whole so people can taste the natural favor of the vegetables. Also potatoes and dairy products are used commonly in North India.
Percentages of religions practiced in Pakistan
In Pakistan, 97 percent of the population practices Islam, and the other religions practiced there include Hinduism and Christianity.
According to Buddha, how do you become enlightened?
In order to become enlightened, you must follow the Four Noble Truths and also try and release karma and develop compassion by strictly following the Eightfold Path
When and what was the salt march?
It was in 1930 and Indians were protesting because the Indians were being discriminated against by the Brits b/c the Brits were the only ppl allowed to collect salt. The march lasted 200 miles from March to April of 1930. The Indians marched from India to the Arabian Sea.
Basic info about Jainism
Jainism is a old religion that is a branch coming off of Hinduism A man named Vardhamana founded Jainism. He died in 420 BCE. Jainism combines the beliefs of Hindus and Buddhists together Jainism started in Asia at pretty much the same time as Hinduism 4 million ppl practice Jainism today Jainists believe in causing no harm to any living being (including animals) which makes them strict vegetarians Jainists main beliefs are respect the soul of every living thing, upholding the well being of all, and treating ppl compassionately and reincarnation. Jains try to live their lives simply by not using luxuries Two goals of Jains are having no hatred against others and to not have desires for luxuries. Also their goal is to become enlightened they don't really believe in a "God".
What is Karma?
Karma basically is a scoring system based off the way a person lives their life. The happiness of one's present life is determined by one's actions in their previous life(s). No god,goddess,or angel plays a part in your karmic status, one self has to watch out for their own actions, religious devotion, words, and thoughts. The goal of Karma is to be completely pure and once your karma is completely balanced you don't have to reincarnate anymore and your soul lives among the gods and goddesses. Karma is said to be collected over ones lifetime(s)
When did Muslim rule first establish in SA? What are the differences between the Hindus and the Muslims cuisines?
Muslim rule first established in 1194 A.D and soon after and even now Islamic influences reflect on South Asia's cuisine. One big difference between Muslim and Hindu cuisine was the consumption of meat and fish. Muslim rulers were known to be "foodies" and their fancy meal rituals, and many of their meals/traditions exist in Indian cuisine now.
What is Nirvana?
Nirvana is basically your state (enlightenment) after achieving completely balanced karma. This means you don't have to reincarnate and your soul can rest in peace.
What influences did these migrators have on South Asia
Pakistan and the majority of Northern India are Muslim people. (Muslim migrators influence) Now, many people in India and Pakistan learn English b/c the British colonized them through the 17th to the mid 21st century. Cooking techniques, traditions, and new foods were introduced to SA and are now used very commonly
Who was Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)? When did he become enlightened?
Prince Siddhartha Gautama was a scholar and spiritual seeker who lived in between India and Nepal from 560 B.C- 480 B.C. After learning from spiritual teachers in the Middle East, he went under a tree now called the "tree of wisdom" and thought about suffering in relation to God for 49 days until he reached enlightenment in 535 BCE. After his experience he learned to understand the Four Noble Truths and that there is "No reason to believe in God".
What is Reincarnation?
Reincarnation is what happens after a person dies their soul goes into another person, animal, or some other living thing. The quality of a persons next life is determined by their past and current life(s) Hindus try to live life with good karma (in a nice and giving manner) so their future lives are happier and more peaceful.
What is the Eightfold Path?
Right understanding Right thought Right speech Right action Right livelihood Right effort Right mindfulness Right meditation
What is South Asia referred to as?
South Asia is known as the Indian Sub- continent
What are the 5 main concepts of Hinduism?
1. Reincarnation- Each person's soul travels to another body after death. The body the soul moves into is determined by one's karma (good and bad) in their previous life. 2. Karma- Karma are the good and bad actions and decisions in one's life that effect whether or not you reincarnate or your soul gets to rest in peace. Living a kind and truthful life reduces the need to reincarnate. 3. Righteousness and Truth- The understanding of the meaning of life and it's purpose. 4. Moksha (Nirvana)- When a person is released from the cycle of death and reincarnation. 5. Supreme Being (Brahma)- Brahma is basically the king of all of the Hindu gods. Basically a Hindu god/goddess based off of Brahma (Brahman,Vishnu,Shiva,Ganesha,ex.) Each god/goddess have different aspects of Brahma so that they can all be unique.
How long was Gandhi in South Africa?
1893-1914
On what year did India become a free country?
1947
What year was Gandhi assassinated?
1948
Converts
A person who has been convinced to change beliefs
What impact does the climate have on SA cuisine?
Across India, the climate is very varied which results in different foods habits. Although this has been decreased slightly because of being able to transport goods. Yet, most of Indian food (especially vegetables) are consumed locally.
What does a Hindu's diet consist of?
Since Hindus are vegetarian, the main source of protein for them are lentils and beans instead of meat/fish. Although cows are holy to Hindus, milk is still a big part of their diets. Curd, vegan cottage cheese ( paneer), and sweets made with milk are a big part of their diets. Many spices are used in Hindu's meals to add variety to their diets. Also a variety of grains (depending on what part of SA you are in) is a part of a Hindu person's diet.
Why is the Ganges River called the "Water of Immortality"?
Since the Ganges River is one of the most polluted rivers in the world ( ppl drinking from river, bathing in the river, ppl ashes dumped in the river, thousands of ppl cremated around/in the river) most people would think that the Ganges River has given ppl serious diseases/issues but it hasn't! The reason why is the Gangi has lots of oxygen and digests human waste making it a healthier river. Also the Hindus believe that the Ganges River is holy and can forgive you for your sins. According to the Hindus, The Ganges River has the power to send ppl to heaven
What does South Asia look like?
South Asia is a triangular peninsula sticking out into the Indian Ocean and is connected to the rest of the region (Asia) by the Himalayan Range and the Tibetan Plateau
Why are spice heavily used in food throughout India?
Spices are heavily used in Indian foods throughout the country not only to ensure the people's health but to also give the people a feeling of fullness even with a lack of food.
Where is the Ganges River located?
The Ganges River is located in India, it begins in the Himalayas and ends at the border of Bangladesh and India.
What is the significance of the Ganges River?
The Ganges River provides drinking water and takes away sewage and waste Many people rely on Ganges River to bathe and it gains them access to water Many crops are grown which provides food for many ppl, rich vegetation and healthy soil is created from Ganges. Many ppl (Hindus) also believe that the Ganges River water is holy and will "bless their souls" and has the power to purify which is why many ppl and animals are cremated there b/c Hindus believe the water will forgive them of their sins and send them off to heaven.
Name some migrators who have influenced SA
The Mongols, Muslims, and British all were some people who migrated/influenced South Asia at different times. This allowed the spread of a wide variety of different ideas and traditions.
What were the benefits for the people living in the Indus Valley?
The benefits of living in the Indus Valley was that they had lots of access to water ( b/c melting snow in close mountains like the Himalayas) and floods that made the soil there very good for farming and crops.
Where did the first civilizations arise in South Asia? What religion started here and when?
The first civilizations ( started third millennium BCE) in South Asia began in the Indus Valley ( now Pakistan) Hinduism started here from somewhere between 4000 BCE to 2500 BCE
What is the main difference between the different regions of India?
The main difference between the different regions of India is the staple grain grown in the area. Wheat is the main grain of North India while rice is the main grain in South India.
What are the Four Noble Truths?
The truth of suffering The truth of the cause of suffering The truth of the end of suffering The truth of the path that leads to the end of suffering
What is the common theme of SA's food?
The typical Indian diet is very healthy and mainly consists of grains and vegetables. Meat and fish are generally more of a side dish with grains.
Basic info about Buddhism
Their are 488 million people in the world that are Buddhists When using the word Buddha ppl are either referring to the Siddhartha Gautama (guy who started Buddhism) or to someone who inspires to become enlightened. Buddhism is one of the oldest religions in the world. There are many different forms of Buddhism starting from the 6th BC. Buddhism has spread throughout SE Asia to East Asia to the rest of the western world. Different types of Buddhism are practiced that focus in on different things. Buddhism is practiced by 488 mil today.
What are the three different types of Buddhism practiced?
Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana
What is the weather like throughout Asia?
There is a wide variety of climate and terrain throughout South Asia. It is colder in the north and west of South Asia and is more hot, humid, and tropical in Southern India and Sri Lanka.
Passive resistance
To non-violently protest to ppl of authority/government
Non-violent protest
To protest against something without violence. For example speeches would be a way to non violently protest and marching.
Civil disobedience
To refuse to cooperate with certain laws, to peacefully protest aganist something
