Specimen Collection ATI -Blood specimen

Peripheral line phlebotomy

1. Peripheral venous and arterial lines can be used to obtain blood samples. 2. Most of these systems incorporate a sterile needleless method for drawing a blood sample. 3. You'll cleanse the port at the end of the line with the facility-approved antiseptic and attach a sterile syringe. 4. After drawing out the desired amount of blood, remove the syringe and replace it with a syringe containing sterile saline solution. 5. Then flush the external tubing so that the blood in it will not clog the tubing. 6. Transfer the sample using the evacuated collection tube system into appropriate vials. 7. Document the method of sample collection, the patient's tolerance, and any pertinent physical findings in the patient's medical record.

How to do venipucture?

1. Place a tourniquet above the selected site to locate a vein. (Veins protrude when below the tourniquet because they are the flow system that returns blood to the heart.) 2. You might want to ask the patient to grasp a ball or pump the hand below the tourniquet to help you find a vein. 3. It can also help to stroke or gently rub the potential site along arm from the distal area to the proximal area to dilate the vein, but avoid vigorous rubbing due to the potential for injury. 4. Remove the tourniquet once you identify the site you'll use, then cleanse the skin with the facility-approved antiseptic and allow it to dry completely.

Where is the most basic venipucture done ?

Most basic venipuncture is done on the veins of the arms or hands, although many other veins can be accessed. =Vein transilluminators are the newest technology used for locating the position of veins beneath the surface by projecting a light pattern on the skin.

Venipuncture needles

Most needles used for venipuncture can be attached to the tube holder of the evacuated collection tube system (trade name, Vacutainer). Using this system, you can fill multiple tubes from a single puncture; just pull out the filled tube and insert an empty tube. You can use butterfly needles for pediatric patients or for patients who have an aversion to needles as they are a smaller size and typically cause less pain. However, the smaller size needle is inappropriate for some types of phlebotomy as they can lyse blood cells.

Two variable sizes of the neeedles?

Needles are available with two size variables, length (in inches) and gauge. Gauge indicates how wide the bore or inside of the needle is. The larger the gauge, the smaller the opening of the needle is. For example, an 18-gauge needle is considerably larger than a 22-gauge needle.

Venipuncture

Venipuncture (also called phlebotomy) involves drawing blood from a vein with a needle. Prior to performing venipuncture, explain the procedure and inspect for an appropriate site.

Butterfly needles

You can use butterfly needles for pediatric patients or for patients who have an aversion to needles as they are a smaller size and typically cause less pain. However, the smaller size needle is inappropriate for some types of phlebotomy as they can lyse blood cells.

The color of the rubber tip of each collection tube indicates.

which types of blood tests can be performed from that particular tube's environment, which may or may not contain a storage medium. Vials for blood cultures are larger in size and have more specific instructions for placing and transporting specimens. Once you have completed the blood sampling, remove the needle and place a bandage over the site. Document the method of sample collection, the patient's tolerance, and any pertinent physical findings in the patient's medical record