Speech 1315 - 064 chapter 8

quoting out of context.

A politician refers to a proposed new program as a "potentially tremendous disaster." The program's supporters quote the politician as saying it is "potentially tremendous." The supporters are

example

A real-life case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like is called a(n)

quoting paraphrasing

A speaker can give his or her ideas greater impact by ______ the opinions of people who have special experience or knowledge about the topic being discussed.

representative

A vivid example can be very effective in reinforcing an idea in your speech, but for such a purpose you should be especially certain that it is a(n) ______ example and not an exceptional case.

specific instances.

Brief examples are also called

human

Certain types of examples can personalize your ideas by adding ______ interest to them.

voice

Changing the speed and tone of your ____________ depending on the type of example you are giving can affect how listeners respond to your speech.

more persuasive.

Citing the views of experts can make a speech

He failed to cite his sources orally.

Daniel is presenting his speech to his classmates. He uses examples, testimony, and statistics to support his ideas. He does not explain his sources during the speech, but he does show his bibliography on a PowerPoint slide at the end of the speech. What common error has Daniel made in his speech?

do not lie.

Darrell Huff, author of How to Lie with Statistics, attempted to question the long-held belief that numbers

Provide an example about a person affected by gun violence that represents a typical situation

During his speech on gun violence, John is presenting statistics on gun violence in major metropolitan areas. What could John do next to make sure his audience understands the impact of these facts and figures?

Examples

If you are giving a speech with many abstract ideas that are hard to explain, which of the following would be the best supporting material to use?

Peer testimony

If you quoted your sister about her experience at summer camp, you are using what type of testimony?

peer

If you were giving a speech about a Japanese tsunami, and you quoted a local survivor on the hardships endured, you would be using ______ testimony.

extended examples.

Illustrations, or narratives, are a type of supporting material referred to as

brief examples.

In his speech, Joe says, "George Washington Carver, Lonnie G. Johnson, Percy Julian." By reciting a list like this that relates to his topic, Joe is using

a problem.

It can be especially helpful to use statistics in a speech when you are attempting to convince your audience of the existence of

He provided a visual for large statistics. He explained the statistics in a way that would be meaningful to the audience.

Ivan is giving a speech about global warming. He explains that an iceberg measuring about 2,200 square miles has recently gone adrift. He mentions that the iceberg is the size of Delaware and holds twice as much water used in the United States each year. Which of the following did Ivan do correctly in this example?

meaningful

One of the most important steps when using statistics in a speech is to make sure that the numbers are

She could have translated the large numbers into terms listeners can relate to.

Polly is giving a speech about the world economy. She offers interesting statistics about the gross domestic product of several countries, all of which are in the billions of dollars. How could Polly have improved her speech?

ethical

Speakers have a(n) ______ responsibility to use testimonies accurately and effectively.

do not misquote. do not quote out of context. do not violate the meaning of the statements being paraphrased.

To quote or paraphrase someone correctly, it is essential that you

False

True or false: Listeners do not generally care whether or not a speaker provides the source of his or her statistics.

False

True or false: Statistics cannot be distorted or manipulated.

Use qualified sources Paraphrase accurately Quote accurately Use unbiased sources

What are the key points to keep in mind when using testimony in a speech?

Mentioning the sources of statistics

What is one way to lend credibility to a speech?

To give your ideas numerical precision

What is the main reason to use statistics in a speech?

You can twist someone's remarks to prove something completely different from what was intended.

What makes quoting out of context so dangerous?

only the most important ones.

When choosing statistics to include in a speech, use

your audience. your topic. the kind of supporting material you are using. the claim you are making.

When citing sources in your speech, you do not need to include all of the information that you would use in a written bibliography. What you include depends on

support personalize

When giving a speech about homelessness, Trina describes Jules, the youngest child of a family of four, all of whom have been living on the streets for six months. She talks about how Jules has never had a bedtime story read to him or a warm breakfast to wake up to. Trina is using this example to ______ the ideas in her speech. (Select all that apply.)

That the statistics are representative of what they claim to measure

When using statistics in a speech, a speaker should ensure which of the following?

Specific Richly textured Vivid

Examples that make the most impact on an audience are usually which of the following?

U.S. Centers for Disease Control

In your speech, you discuss the health problems of obese children. Which of the following sources would be the most credible and reliable source of testimony?

It provides authenticity. It has an emotional impact.

Which of the following are benefits of using peer testimony in a speech?

Use statistics sparingly. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. Explain any statistics that are used.

Which of the following are guidelines for the effective use of statistics?

Are my numbers from reliable sources? Do I use statistics to quantify ideas? Do I relate the statistics to the audience?

Which of the following questions may be on a list about effectively using statistics in a speech?

Do I use examples to explain my ideas? Do I use examples to personalize my ideas?

Which of the following questions should be on a checklist about using examples in a speech?

The chocolate cake we had for your brother's 10th birthday party was a Bundt cake.

You are trying to explain to your 12-year-old niece what a Bundt cake is. Which of the following explanations would be the best way to clarify by using an example?

testimony.

You have decided to take up running. You have a friend who has been running and coaching a long time. She tells you to go to a specialty store and look for lightweight, flexible running shoes rather than buying cheap shoes online, so you do. You were influenced by her

Reinforce an idea Clarify an idea Personalize an idea

Examples used in speeches are used for which of the following purposes?

extended

In your speech you decide to use a vivid and detailed narrative about a camping trip you took last year to illustrate one of your points about camping. This type of supporting material is called a(n) ______ example.

brief examples

Statistics are similar to ______ in that they are often cited in passing to clarify or strengthen a speaker's point.

Only when needed

When should you use statistics in a speech?

The sample size must be large enough. Different groups of a population sample must be in correct proportion.

Which of the following should you do to make sure your statistics are representative?

It lends credibility to your speeches. It is especially important to use when your speech is on a controversial topic.

Which of the following statements about expert testimony are true?

They have a strong impact in listeners' beliefs and actions. They can make ideas more personal.

Which of the following statements about using concrete examples in a speech are true?