Spnish IV Adjectives and Reflexive Verbs Study
Meaning of mismo/a if placed after the noun?
(the thing) itself
When does ciento change its spelling?
1. before any noun in counting 2. before the adjective "mil" 3. when it comes before any numerals smaller than 100. examples: cien personas deprimidas noventa y nueve, cien, ciento uno Este año he tenido ciento diez días estresantes
When does Santo change its spelling?
1. before the name of all masculine saints except those beginning with Do- or To- Santo>San San Juan = Saint John Santo Tomás = Saint Thomas
How do adjectives and the nouns that they modify agree?
1. if plural or singular 2. if masculine or feminine
How do you place two adjectives modifying the same noun?
1. use the general rules on which comes before or after normally 2. if both the adjectives come after then they are connected with a "y" ie. Paul es optimisto y apasionado.
What adjective changes its spelling before any singular noun, masculine or feminine but also changes its meaning?
Grande (large)> gran (great, impressive)
Give an example of reflexive verb usage for personal hygiene.
John se afeita. = John shaves himself.
Which verbs are usually reflexive?
Los verbos que describen hygiene personal y rutina diaria y express feelings, modos y cambiados en condiciones o emotional states
Give an example of reflexive verb used to express feelings.
Me alegro de verte. = I am happy to see you
Are adjectives of nationality capitalized?
No
If a masculine adjective ends in -o then the feminine form ends in ?
a
to put to bed
acostar (not reflexive)
to go to bed
acostarse (reflexive)
If an adjective of nationality ends in a consonant, then to make it feminine you ?
add -a
If an adjective ends in a consonant such as L, then to make it plural you?
add -es
If an adjective ends in -0, -a, or -e then to make it plural you ?
add -s
alguno
algún =some, any
Meaning of nuevo/a if placed before the noun?
another, different
Meaning of nuevo/a if placed after the noun?
brand new
bueno
buen = good
Adjective with spelling changes if they come before a singular masculine noun (Ortografia) but don't change meaning?
bueno, tercero, uno, alguno, ninguno, malo, primero,
Meaning of cierto/a if placed before the noun?
certain (particular)
Meaning of cierto/a if placed after the noun?
certain (sure)
If an adjective ends in -z, then to make it plural you ?
change z>c and add -es
What adjective changes its spelling before any singular noun, masculine or feminine but doesn't change its meaning??
cualquiera>cualquier = any
Meaning of dichoso/a if placed before the noun?
darn
Which type of adjective generally comes after the noun they are modifying?
descriptive and differentiating adjectives like size, shape, color, nationality, religion, or those modified by an adverb or adverb phrase
to sleep
dormir
to fall asleep
dormirse
If a masculine adjective ends in -e, then the feminine form ends in?
e - no change
What phrase indicates reciprocal action not reflexive action with multiple subjects?
el uno al otro, a nosotros, a vosotros, a sí mismos
to make sick
enfermar
to become sick
enfermarse
Meaning of viejo/a if placed before the noun?
former, long-standing
Meaning of grande(gran) if places before the noun?
great, impressive
Meaning of medio/a if placed before the noun?
half-
Meaning of dichoso/a if placed after the noun?
happy, fortunate
to go
ir
to leave, to go away
irse
If a descriptive adjective is put before a noun instead of after it is usually because ...?
it describes a known or established quality such as the Amazon river being wide ie El ancho rió Amazonas
Meaning of grande (gran) if placed after the noun?
large
If an adjective of nationality ends in -e, then to make it feminine you ?
leave it as it is. It is the same form for masculine and feminine.
to lift
levantar
to get up
levantarse
Which type of adjectives generally come before the noun they are modifying?
limiting adjectives like numerals (cien dolores), unstressed possessive (mi perro), indefinites, demonstratives, interrogatives)
to call
llamar
to be called (named)
llamarse
to wear, to carry
llevar
to take with oneself
llevarse
What is the reflexive pronoun used with the subject "yo"?
me
Meaning of medio/a if placed after the noun?
middle, coverage
ninguno
ningún = none, no, not any
What is the reflexive pronoun used with the subject "nosotros"
nos
Meaning of viejo/a if placed after the noun?
old, aged
What is the reflexive pronoun used with the subject "vosotros"?
os
Meaning of propio/a if placed before the noun?
own
to put, to place
poner
to put on, to become
ponerse
Meaning of pobre if placed after the noun?
poor
Meaning of propio/a if placed after the noun?
proper
Meaning of puro/a if placed after the noun?
pure
to remove
quitar
to take off (clothing, shoes)
quitarse
Meaning of mismo/a if placed before the noun?
same
What is the reflexive pronoun used with both the subject "El, Ella, Ud, Ellos, Ellas, Uds"?
se
Meaning of puro/a if placed before the noun?
sheer
What is the reflexive pronoun used with the subject "tu"
te
tercero
tercer = third
uno
un = one
Meaning of pobre if placed before the noun?
unfortnate
to dress
vestir
to get dressed
vestirse
