SPTE Exam #2
Taking long-running Broadway hits and moving them Off Broadway to test if they can live on in rerun mode, where costs are lower and the profit potential is significant an example of this is?
"Avenue Q"
earned their entire investment back in 13 weeks. Only $700,000 was needed for marketing that first year, because like "Cheers," everybody knew the name
"Avenue Q"
What is the budget for the NEA?
$148 million
How much does a workshop cost, on average?
$400,000
Today the yearly budget of Trustus is? Who is it funded by?
$500,000. It is funded by private donors and by approximately $70,000 in grants from the city & county. The rest is out-right donations and fundraisers-- Like the annual Miss Vista Queen pageant. The first winner was Sheriff Leon Lott.
Spiderman: Turn off the Dark had a record-setting price tag of?
$65 million
"Off Broadway"
- 499 seats or less - In New York City, but a couple blocks away from Broadway - Produce newer plays - If a play is really successful, a touring company is created and the show goes on a tour, usually while its still playing on Broadway as well.
2. CEO/Managing Director, Executive Director
-Implements the Artistic Directors vision -Has an overall supervisory role. -Reports to the Board of Directors or Board of Trustees-their boss. -AD is 2nd person the board hires -CEO and AD are equal but have different responsibilities in the org.
Season tickets are the biggest push for an organization because?
-Season ticket holders pay upfront -selling single tickets costs an org more because takes marketing budget -shows commitment, loyalty to team/brand
Examples of some of the awards the Trustus Theater has won?
-The 2000 Elizabeth O'Neil Verner Governor's Award for the Arts -the 2005 South Carolina Theaters Association Lifetime Achievement Award, -the first theater in the state to receive a National Endowment for the Arts grant.
Concert promoters vs. theatrical presenters
-concert promoters are always for-profit entities. -some theatrical presenters are nonprofit organizations; some are for-profit and more like a concert promoter.
Compared with Broadway and nonprofits like the Public and Lincoln Center Theater, commercial Off Broadway is now regarded as _________?
..."all risk"
The budget for the NEA makes up how much of the overall Federal Budget?
0.04%
How you get a National endowment grant:
1. Have to be a non-profit 501-c3 2. Apply for grant
The process of putting together a Broadway show:
1. The producer: the money factor behind the show; the driving force to get a broadway play on the stage.
What percentage of income for the performing arts is government support?
10%
Opera Companies
114 in the U.S. with a collective budget of $735 million. Lead by general director or CEO who reports to the board of directors.
If a work was produced before January 1st, 1978, how long does the copyright last?
95 years after it was published with a copyright notice
What show brought the Public Theater the greatest success?
A Chorus Line-- the single most significant factor in keeping the New York Shakespeare Festival running.
If you have a play "On Broadway" you're eligible for?
A Tony Award
What is a stop clause?
A clause in the rental agreement that states if ticket sales for a production drop below a negotiated level for more than two weeks, the theater can evict the production.
What is a limited liability company (LLC)?
A company that allows investors the limited liability of a limited partnership but also allows investors to have managerial duties or decision-making power without losing liability protection. May have an unlimited number of investing members.
What is an offering document?
A document that shares all of the specifics of a production to inform potential investors of their investments.
What is a copyright?
A form of protection provided by US law to authors of 'original works of authorship' including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual words; allows the copyright exclusive rights to do and authorize others to reproduce the work
What is a limited partner?
A partner that invest 100% of money, but are passive investors and have no say in the business operations. Advantages: had no liability beyond the initial investment and can use losses incurred from their investments as a tax write off.
What is a general partner?
A partner that is not required to contribute money, but have total control over the activities of the partnership.
What is a limited partnership?
A producing entity in which there are two types of partners: general partners and limited partners.
Theatre companies produce what?
A season of plays or musicals
Where is Broadway located?
A small district in New York City
What is a "presenter outside the arts"?
A special interest group or service organization that brings companies to their region for a specific reason, such as fundraising or promotion.
Load in costs:
All expenses associated with bringing the production into the theater
What is a contract?
An agreement between two or more parties creating obligations that are legally enforceable and recognized by law.
What is a presenter?
An organization that produces performing arts events for a local audience
Who consumes performing arts through the ages?
Aristocrats
Theatre Companies
Around 3,000 Professional Companies
Performing Arts
Art forms in which artists use their voices and/or the movements of their bodies, often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic expression in front of a live audience.
Who are the Theatre Companies Leaders?
Artistic Director and Managing Director
Who are the Dance company leaders?
Artistic Director--Choreographer and Executive Director
Who oversees the artistic planning of the opera?
Artistic director or musical director--sometimes a general director.
Note:
As with some Broadway productions, some off-Broadway productions may be produced in non-profit theaters. Such as Playwrights Horizons, the Public Theater, Second Stage and the New York Theatre Workshop.
Where are the new works for the American stage being developed?
At non-profit theaters, but 50 years ago they were on Broadway.
When is a copyright established for a work?
At the time of creation. A work does not have to be registered with the US Copyright Office to be copyrighted.
When was the first production at Trustus opened?
August 1985, but because of differences with previous tenants it took place at Spring Valley high. It was a play called "Extremities."
What can you get a Tony Award for?
Best Actor, Best Musical, Best New Show, Best Revival, etc.
Most popular type of show
Broadway
___________ is the most highly visible and the most celebrated theater, and it generates the most money; in some ways, it's the center of American theater.
Broadway
Types of Commercial Organizations
Broadway, Off Broadway, and Touring
Cities with particularly successful summer theaters are:
Chicago, Kansas City, Houston, Sacremento, New York, Dallas and the Berkshires region in Massachusetts.
A veteran of a dozen Broadway shows, the winner of a 2001 Tony Award for the leading role in the musical 42nd street, dual roles in "Grey Gardens" musical about Jackie Kennedy, best known for being a cast member on Saturday night live?
Christine Ebersole
Industrial Shows have big budgets and offer employment for who?
Composers, arrangers, copyists, singers, dancers and instrumentalists.
Producers are similar to______________?
Concert promoters
The NEA is a partisan issue. Which party supports it, and which party opposes it?
Democrats support the NEA. Republicans oppose the NEA
Touring
Enables people to see Broadway Productions without going to New York City
National Endowment for the Arts
Founded in 1961 via act of Congress-Federal Organization that gives federal grants to the arts. e.g. South Carolina Arts Commission.
Where did the Trustus Theater get its name?
From a common line used by directors in training the actors.
How long does the capitalization budget cover?
From inception of the idea to opening night
H-Tax
Hospitality tax that pays for the arts
What is the IPWIC matinee?
I pay what I can -- for all non-musicals. Takes place on the first Sunday of every run, you can see a show for as little as $1.
If a production is cancelled and you have already purchased tickets at the Box Office for a future show you?
If you bought tickets via Ticketmaster for a future show after the cancellation date? mail in your ticket with the credit card number and expiration date of the card used to purchase the ticket, so they can credit your card. If you buy tickets through Ticketmaster you are automatically credited.
6. Director of Education
In charge of all educational outreach events, they kind of work with marketing. Eg. the Grannies, NBA Cares, its important to perform goodwill in the community, bc it raises the name and the profile of organization. In SC we have the South Carolina Philharmonic Orchestra: go to schools year round and perform and bring professional musicians out into the community.
Contractual obligations:
Include the salaries and fringe benefits when the show posts its closing notice
What does "works made for hire" refer to?
Intellectual properties that were created as a duty to an employer.
If you buy CD's, t-shirts, or calendars at concessions during break who gets the profit?
It is usually split between the theater and the show. The same thing happens at concert--but profit is split between the act's management and the venue.
What is Broadway?
It's a district, an actual street; 44th street in Manhattan in NYC. Specifically as it relates to "Broadway Theaters" are theaters that hold 499 seats or more, all along Broadway in midtown Manhattan.
What is a Tony Award?
It's like the Heisman Award, the Oscar, or the Grammy's for Broadway Actors and musicals.
The reading states that a significant part of musical theater in this country is found in entertainment centers such as?
Las Vegas, Atlantic City, New Jersey and Branson, Missouri.
A Broadway play is usually for profit. Examples of shows are
Lion King, Jersey Boys, Phantom of the Opera, Mama Mia. Tickets are expensive,
Performing Arts Organizations, like sports are ?
Location based! Meaning they serve a community within their city.
Jobs in a performing arts organization
Managing Director;CEO, CFO--Ticket sales, HR,IT, Marketing Director, Education Director; Summer Camps, Director of Development; Fundraiser
Symphony Orchestra leaders responsible for artist direction? Who is responsible for the administrative end?
Music Director/Conductor and Executive Director
What kind of shows do you find in "off broadway?"
Newer, progressive American plays, may be a little edgier and haven't had as much success yet. It has the same set up: produced by producers, investors that have to put money into the show for it to happen.
Difference between non-profit and commercial?
Non profit does not collect a profit, commercial is for profit
Off-Broadway ticket sales vs. Broadway ticket sales
Off Broadway as a whole sold $30 million in tickets in the 2009-2010 season; Broadway, sold about $1 billion.
Smallest Non-Profit Performing Organization
Opera
Types of Non Profit Performing Organizations
Opera, Theatre, Ballet, Symphony
Examples of Performing Arts:
Opera, symphony orchestra, ballet, and theater
Symphony Orchestra
Over 1,800 in the U.S.
Dance Companies
Over 2,500 nationwide 400 fully institutionalized and small ones with a budget of <500,000 account for 65-70% of Dance/USA membership and more than 90% of dance companies in America.
What are royalties?
Payments that are made by the producer of a show for the use of a specific work. For creative personnel royalties are 15% of the net adjusted gross.
What is an option?
Permission granted to a producer by the copyright holder of a property to produce the work in a specified manner "the scope" in a specific place "the territory" for a specified period of time "the term"
Commercial Presenters
Present the tours that are being used to make money.
Dinner Theater is a type of?
Regional Theater
Donations from a company to a nonprofit organization are?
Tax deductible
Who is the producer's representative at every production?
The Company Manager
Who should the producer hire first?
The General Manager
Most playhouses or theaters are owned by who?
The Nederlander family
The Trustus Theater presents what festival that is cited as one of the best in the world for new works?
The Playwrights' Festival
Who makes the money if you buy concessions--anything that is food during the break?
The actual playhouse makes the profit.
School Productions: Before a musical can be performed at a school, the school must get a license from an amateur licensing agent, typically a publishing house like Samuel French. An agent will license the right to present the show and will also rent the script and musical parts. How much does the agent get for the licensing fee?
The amateur agent traditionally gets 10%of the licensing fee. The other 90% of the license fee goes to the authors and their overall agent.
What is weekly gross potential and how is it calculated?
The amount of money that a theater could potentially bring in for a week if they sold out every show. This is calculated by multiplying ticket price by the number of seats multiplied by the number of shows in a week.
What is a recoupment schedule?
The amount of time in weeks, that it will take for a show to breakeven.
If a work was produced after January 1st, 1978, how long does the copyright last?
The lifetime of the author plus 70 years
What is a "mini-max"?
The minimum amount of capitalization money that must be raised before a producing entity can begin using the capitalization funds.
2. A Full Workshop
The play is read and performed in a stripped down version, by the actors in full costume or at least partial costumes to an audience of investors, rich people who want to put money into the play--to essentially see and hear their feedback.
What is the breakeven point?
The point in which the running costs of the show are equal to the revenue earned.
Who are Broadway musicians contracted to?
The theater (NOT the producer, like most other parties)
What are the two types of organizations that are most identical in regards to the way they are structured?
The way the organization is structured in a non-profit organization is actually identical to a professional sports franchise
What is net adjusted gross?
The weekly gross potential minus appropriate fees.
According to the reading, the Trustus Theater is a constituent of:
Theater Communications Group, The national organization for the American theater, the South Carolina Theater Association, the Columbia Convention and Visitors Bureau and the Vista Guild.
Largest Non-Profit Performing Organization
Theatre
What are student rush tickets, and when are they available?
They are half-price tickets and available 15 mins before curtain.
What is a box office advance?
Tickets that have been purchased for future productions.
Commercial Organizations objective?
To make money
When the companies decide to tour, they hire a?
Tour Presenter
An obscure, untelevised event. Begun seven years ago, the awards are given to the touring companies of Broadway shows, which visit as many as 240 cities each year across North America?
Touring Broadway Awards
Musical Theatre touring shows have "first class tours" in so-called first class cities which are defined by?
Tradition rather than other characteristics, such as size of city or venue. There are also "bus and truck tours" that go into the smaller venues.
BOD roles
Ultimate authority for the organization
How do Nonprofit Organizations use surplus revenues?
Use them to further achieve its purpose or mission, rather than giving its surplus income to the shareholders as profit or dividends
NOTE:
Usually hit shows move from Off Broadway to Broadway, most of these shows begin at nonprofit Off Broadway theaters like the Public and Manhattan Theater Club; the for-profit Off Broadway landscape has gone through feast-famine cycles for decades.
What was the inspiration to open the Trustus Theater?
When Jim Thigpen received a grant to study theater in New York, while teaching at Spring Valley High School in 1984.
What is a priority loan?
When a producing entity requests an investment from any party that they can use for any fees besides capitalization of the show.
Are non-profits allowed to make money?
While not for profit organizations are permitted to generate surplus revenue, they must be retained by the organization for its self-preservation.
The Trustus Theater is supported by?
a Tier III Grant made possible by contributors to the United Arts Fund of the Cultural Council, the City of Columbia, the South Carolina Arts Commission which receives support from the National Endowment for the Arts.
League of Resident Theaters LORT
a multiplayer bargaining association representing individual, not for profit theaters.
Koger center
acts more as a venue
Non-Profit Organization
an organization that uses its surplus revenue; profit to achieve its goals, rather than distributing them as profit or dividends.
Jim Thigpen also serves as?
artistic director
If you see a show on Broadway, that means the show went in and rented the theater-- and because there's not that many of these theaters, and they're so popular they actually stipulate in the contract that if a show isn't selling out 90-95% of tickets each night, and you had a week of less than 90%-95% sold I can kick you out next week, and bring in another show... why?
because for every ticket sold, the owners of the theater also make money and because its so much competition on Broadway they have the right to kick out a play that hasn't sold that well, to bring in a new show because they wanna make money.
LORT member benefits include?
centralized collective bargaining and legal advice.
Industrial Shows
companies such as Ford or IBM hire a producer or production company to create commercial entertainment packages designed to motivate and instruct their sales staff and show appreciation to customers. They are not open to the public and are scheduled in major cities where the corporation may pull in its sales force.
What is a Book in musical theater?
describes the scenario and dialogue of the musical drama--excludes music and lyrics.
What is a Bond?
designed to cover salaries and fringe benefits for every member of the union employed by the production. A typical bond covers 1 to 2 weeks of employment. Can be paid in cash or buy a letter of credit.
Who holds the copyright in the case of works made for hire?
employer
Broadway shows are essentially produced by?
investors
"Facility Charge"
is a fee decided upon by the facility, it has nothing to do with the play. The money doesn't go to any of the producers or actors of the actual broadway show.
On Road Broadway shows draw?
more people and more cash than on Broadway
What is Front Money
pays for the expenses related to acquiring rights to property, legal fees, and other administrative expenses that have to be paid even if the production doesn't happen. No more than 4 investors can contribute.
The majority of dance companies earn revenue by?
performing one or more seasons of productions to local audiences and touring.
Off-Broadway playhouses that have less than 499 seats, maybe a block or two away from the main broadway avenue.
playhouses that have less than 499 seats, maybe a block or two away from the main broadway avenue.
Top Billing/Title Billing comes with?
production and party invitations, prime seats at the Tony Awards, even a spot on stage of the Tony's during the CBS telecast, should the investors' show win for best musical.
Donating money or buying a membership is?
tax deductible
Musical Theater in the Western Civilization started in?
the Jewish synagogue and the Roman Catholic Church.
The Trustus Theater started an African American Acting workshop, because there were no trained African American Actors in the area, due to growing diversity it is now called?
the multi-ethnic acting workshop
The trend on Broadway is ?
toward stripped-down, small-orchestra shows, like "La Cage aux Folles" and "Chicago"
Governmental subsidies for arts
were peak at 1970's in US, then fell, forcing the need to find creative ways to fundraise.
If you raise ticket prices too much________
you lose patrons who are the audience or spectators in performing arts.
How many seats did the original Trustus Theater have?
50
What is the typical mini-max percentage?
75%
How many main stage shows does the Trustus produce every season?
8
How many community theaters are there throughout the country?
8,000
Estimation of the number of professional theaters?
800
What is a presenting-focused organization?
A business whose main job is to bring performing arts companies to their communities.
Performing Arts are performed in front of whom?
A live audience
What is a two wall deal?
A payment structure for theater rentals in which the producer and the theater owner split costs.
What is a four wall deal?
A payment structure for theater rentals in which the producer is responsible for all of the production fees, including labor. Everything in the space but the "four walls"
What is a budget?
A planning document that details all income and expenses for a production.
What is a royalty pool?
A pool that allows profits from a show to be split between investors and royalty participants
Non-Profit Performing Organization with the biggest budget
Ballet
Types of Dance Companies
Ballet, Modern, Ethnic, Jazz, Tap, Etc.
How is the rate of recoupment determined?
By multiplying the percentage of projected tickets by the net adjusted gross and subtracting all weekly running costs.
Main purpose of a Nonprofit organization
Dedicated to furthering a particular issue, social cause, or advocating for a certain point of view.
What is an "advancement against royalties"?
Fees that are paid but are deducted from royalty payments that you must pay once the show is produced.
What was the Public Theater's first production?
Hair--which became the first successful rock musical, and moved to Broadway 6 months later.
What are recoverables?
Money that is expected to be returned to the production budget, primarily guarantees.
What is the cash reserve?
Money that is reserved in the budget to cover expenses in times of low ticket sales
______________has five different productions -- on Broadway, in Las Vegas, London and Australia, and one touring North America) won best new musical? Monty Python's "Spam-a-lot"
Monty Python's "Spam-a-lot"
The Trustus Theater started the following groups: NiA-multicultural performance group , African American Acting Workshop-multi-ethnic workshop, the Trustus Apprentice Company, The Trustus Youth Theater, Armed Chair Productions.
NiA-multicultural performance group , African American Acting Workshop-multi-ethnic workshop, the Trustus Apprentice Company, The Trustus Youth Theater, Armed Chair Productions.
Theatrical presenters include:
Private organizations or companies (some for profit, some not for profit), colleges and universities, arts, councils, social and civic clubs, public agencies, as well as some individuals.
Concert promoters include:
Privately owned companies, individuals, and public stock corporations.
Setting up for an Off Broadway Show?
Produced by Producers who rent an off broadway theater from owner in Manhattan.
Setting up a Broadway show?
Produced by a producer or groups of them who license/rent a Broadway Theatre from its owner
Examples of Non Profit Performing Organizations
Rockettes, Boston Pops, Metropolitan Opera, San Francisco
Booking Agents
Set up the productions with the venues
Who oversees everything related to production, including lights, sound, set, and costumes?
Technical Supervisor or Production Manager
How do opera companies earn revenue?
from their seasons and they either rent or own the facilities.
Regional Theaters that focus on the classics or experimental, non commercial productions may receive financial support from the National Endowment for the Arts. They also depend on what other sources to survive?
grants and funding from private donors and foundations.
What does LORT represent?
in negotiation with 3 collective bargaining units: Actors' Equity Association, the Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers (SSDC), and the United Scenic Artists(USA).
what is a contingency?
it covers unforeseen production expenses before production opens. It is between 5 and 10% of the total production costs.
When a Broadway Show does really well what happens
it goes on tour
According to the reading what is NiA?
it is a multi-cultural performance group
Weekly Operating Budget
listing expenses and income incurred in performing the show on a weekly basis after opening.
Pre-recorded tapes limit:
live employment of union musicians
Through the years how many main productions have the Trustus produced?
over 250 productions
To be considered a Broadway Theater it must:
seat more than 499 people
How many Broadway theaters are there?
40
In 1993 the Trustus Theater received a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts for how much?
$50,000
Broadway Show Cost
$7 million, usually have to wait a year for a return on investment
What are the two types of guarantees that a budget must account for?
(1) Bonds with Unions (2) Deposit for the Theater
What are the two types of budgets?
(1) Capitalization/Production Budgets (2) Weekly Operating Budgets
What are the 7 types of presenters?
(1) Colleges and Universities (2) Presenting-Focused Organizations (3) Arts Councils (4) Festivals (5) Presenters Outside the Arts (6) Public Agencies (7) Corporations
What are the four types of producing entities that can be created?
(1) Sole Proprietorship (2) Joint Venture (3) Limited Partnership (4) Limited Liability Company (LLC)
Broadway
- In New York City: 44th street - For profit - paid by investors to make the show happen - 499 seats or more
What do Concert Promoters and Theatrical Presenters have in common?
-Both pay an act/show to perform -both locate and rent a venue for the performance -both market and promote the show in effort to sell tickets. -both negotiate contracts--with acts, media, venues(unless they are the venue.)
Most Broadway seasons include how many new musicals?
5-10
Structure of a non-profit organization
1. Board of Directors or Trustees: Everyone is a volunteer. In order to make sure you have a good board you want to make sure you have some lawyers, influential people, accountants, so that they can provide some of their services for free; because they're doing it out of good will and to volunteer, Its also a prestige to be on a board and a good networking opportunity for members business wise. The BOD is the organization's oversight; they hire and fire the CEO and don't engage in another minute staffing issues. Their fiduciary duty is to make sure that the organization is running at its best capacity, that they hold regular meetings and check up on business and financial issues. In an arts organization you have two people at the top: The board hires the CEO and the Artistic director. The CEO oversees all of the business and the AD hires all the artist staff, decides what shows they're going to perform, etc. A board member has to attract other board members with deep pockets. You want to have wealthy, influential people on your board so that your organization can grow.
The percentage of Broadway shows that make back their investments each year?
25-30%
Percent of arts income that comes from Ticket Sales
30-65% usually more like 30-40% which is only 1/3 of what it cost to put on the show for your seat! Of the operating budget, 35-70% has to come from fundraising! So it's important to have a good development person!
According to the reading, the Trustus main theater has how many seats?
134. It also has a wine bar and free popcorn.
When was the first opera?
1597
How long are the "seasons" in summer theater?
2 to 6 weeks
The average growth per year for the Trustus has been about______?
20%
What is a sole proprietorship?
A producing entity in which the producer is the sole person in charge of production. They have sole liability and must finance the show. Due to unlimited personal liability, sole proprietorships are quite rare.
What is a joint venture?
A producing entity in which two or more producers agree to produce a property together for profit. Each producer has unlimited liability
What is a workshop?
A production of an entire show in a rehearsal room that is presented after 4-5 weeks of rehearsal to an audience of 50-100 people mostly prospective investors for the show.
What is a backers' audition?
A special meeting in which pieces of a presentation are presented for the purpose of attracting investors to the project.
What is a letter of credit?
A way that guarantees can be "paid" by sending a letter from the bank ensuring the amount of money to cover the guarantee
Why does Touring exist?
A. It keeps the show alive and it makes a lot more money all across the country. B. It provides a chance for the actors in the touring company to one day work on the main-stage on Broadway--If a main actor retires or wants to do something else.
Steps Producers should take before a show
A: Acquire the rights to produce the show from the authors B: Raise the money necessary to create and build the show C: Select and hire the creative staff and production staff D: Oversees the marketing campaign and monitors ticket sales E. Arranges for try-outs and previews F: Continues to manage the production once it opens
Producer Roles
Acquire rights to show Raise money Hire staff Marketing Arranges try outs Manages the production
What are riders?
Addendums to a contract detailing specific provisions applicable to the specific contract.
Hedwig and the Angry Inch includes what star?
Darren Criss-from the TV show "Glee" is the lead,
Types of Nonprofit Organizations
Dance Companies, Symphony Orchestras, Opera Companies, and Theatre Companies
Who is included on the creative team?
Directors, choreographers, and designers.
5. VP/Director of Development
In non-profits develpment=fundraising. Responsible for all of the fundraising and raising the income for the organization. Fundraising events, VIP experiences, sometimes work closely with the board of trustees (when there's and annual gala etc). In charge of all donations, from individuals, corporations, foundations and possibly even the government (grants).
Why are there usually a lot of famous names in broadway plays?
In order to attract audiences you have to put some famous people in it.
At the Trustus Theater, Kay Thigpen serves as?
Managing director
Off Broadway Location
Manhattan
Theatrical Presenters a cultural force
Many presenters (non-profit) act as a cultural force in the community, bringing in a acts of various types to introduce them to the community or to promote awareness of the arts discipline.
What are subsidiary rights?
Rights that are due to the original author of a work for subsequent uses of the work.
Artistic Director
Overall managerial duties concerning the artistic people. They audition all the musicians, actors, etc.
What are first-class rights?
Rights that are granted to a producer once an option is exercised/once the show is produced
Every year since 1976, the American Theater Critics Association has selected one American theater outside New York City to award a __________?
Regional Tony Award
4. VP/ Director of Marketing
Reports to the CEO and is responsible for a lot of the revenue--they supervise the PR campaigns, are in charge of press releases, prints, the letterheads, the branding.
3. VP of Finance/CFO
Reports to the CEO, in charge of HR and IT department usually in overall operations.
Turkus Arbitration Award of 1963
Requires productions to contribute 4.5% of weekly gross pension funds; this percentage was once an admission tax, but Broadway productions are now exempt from the tax, the equivalent amount is paid to the pension funds.
What are Blue Sky Laws?
State laws that protect investments in securities and govern theatrical financing.
Off-Broadway Theater had minimal impact on musical theater til 1967, when Joe Papp noted producer of the NY Shakespeare Festival purchased a nearly demolished library and reopened it as?
The Public Theater
What is the highest recognition given for a Broadway production?
The Tony Awards
What employment opportunity does summer theater offer?
The productions offer short-term professional employment, and some performing alumni go on to careers in broadway, television, music and film.
What is an overcall?
When the producing entity requests for more money-- typically up to 10% of the original donation from a limited partner.
The chief risk of Off-Broadway?
While 70 percent of Broadway shows lose money, the percentage is universally believed to be even greater Off Broadway
What is the most unique addition to Trustus?
a Black Box Theater with 50 seats used for cabaret-type performances.
The musical that lasts and experiences periodic revivals possesses two essential ingredients:
a good book and memorable songs
National Alliance for Musical Theater
association of about 140 producing organizations that present theater on a cooperative basis. Any number of member companies pool their artistic and financial resources for one production of a show rather than stage several separate productions of the same show.
Broadway attracts a lot of fans and people, not necessarily because of the show itself but?
because of who is the lead actor/ actress in it. The lead often rotates out.
Regional Theater
previously indigenous theater. Regional theater includes: amateur, semi-professional, and fully professional productions.
Off Broadway
productions within theaters that seat between 100-499 people and are located in Manhattan
Any television executive knows that the big money is in _______?
reruns
