SR 100 Midterm Study Guide
To Aristotle, eudaimonia described happiness as: A. based on doing moral activities B. a form of impassiveness C. based on sensory pleasures D. none of the above E. b and c only
A. Based on doing moral activities
Intrinsic meaning in leisure A.comes from doing something for its own reason B. provides the same experience as extrinsic meaning C. comes from receiving rewards for doing an activity D. b and c only E. none of the above
A. Comes from Doing Something for Its Own Reason
The famous psychologist Piaget discovered: A. play was important to the intellectual development of children B. without physical play children will not develop strong bone structures C. leisure contributes to the development of identity in teens D. creativity is important to the well-being of older adults E. none of the above
A. Play was important to intellectual development of children
Leisure meanings in the humanities A. can be found in art, music, and literature B. are irrelevant because artists don't represent "everyday" people C. reflect the leisure interests of the high classes of people D. b and c only E. none of the above
A. can be found in art, music, and literature
Ethnocentricity: A. is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others B. is the spread of leisure customs from one culture to another C. is the same as cultural relativity D. a and c only E. none of the above
A. is the belief that one's culture is superior to others
The spillover explanation of leisure behavior A. maintains that if work is enjoyable, leisure will become an extension of it B. explains leisure according to the amount of perceived freedom of choice involved C. was developed by Csikszentmihalyi D. None of the above E. a and b only
A. maintains that if work is enjoyable, leisure will become an extension of it
According to Neulinger's paradigm, the two variables that account for the amount of leisure you experience in your life are: A. perceived freedom and intrinsic meaning B. flow and non-flow C. communitas and perceived freedom D. telic and paratelic E. none of the above
A. perceived freedom and intrinsic meaning
A long-term commitment to developing a recreation skill, a high standard of performance for a recreational pursuit, and self-definition through a recreation pursuits is a leisure concept called: A. eudaimonia B. serious leisure C. intrinsic meaning D. spirituality E. ritual
B. Serious Leisure
In the humanities, the primary methods of study are A.Direct observation B. Speculative and reflective C. Through measurement D. Through direct experience E. None of the above
B. Speculative and Reflective
Symbolic interactionism: A. mixes together within the concept of lifestyle B. describes how people interact with each other via symbols C. is another name for the flow theory D. all of the above E. none of the above
B. describes how people interact with each other via symbols
The Middle Ages: A. set the stage for the birth of a "leisure ethic" B. set the stage for the birth of a "work ethic" C. is remembered as a time when the public spectacle was used to control large masses of the middle class D. all of the above E. none of the above
B. set the stage for the birth of a "work ethic"
Which term is the inclusive concept the includes paintings, prints, and photographs that depict everyday life? A. Romanticism B. Impressionism C. Genre art D. All of the above
C. Genre Art
The concept of core plus balance suggests: A. locus of control is the most important developmental task for teens B. the midlife crisis for adults can be conquered through leisure C. there is both a persistent core and a balancing variety in our pastimes across the life span D. all of the above E. none of the above
C. There is both a persistent core and a balancing variety in our pastimes across a lifespan
Leisure defined as a psychological condition means: A.Free time B. feeling good C. an opportunity for achieving fulfillment in life D. recreation activity E. a and d
C. an opportunity for achieving fulfillment in life
Autonomy: A. is emotional and social dependence on peers B. accounts for much of sex role development C. is typically developed in teens through social leisure experiences D.all of the above E. b and c only
C. is typically developed in teens through social leisure experiences
The Renaissance gave birth to: A. the rebirth of the arts B. the philosophy of humanism C. mass spectacle D. a and b E. none of the above
D. A and B
When leisure is defined as recreational activity: A. it is how we use our free time in nonwork actions B. it can be counted and compared across different population groups C. it is completely contextual D. a and b E. none of the above
D. A and B
Infant's play is characterized as: A. focused on mastering their own body B. individualistic C. parallel D. a and b only E. a and c only
D. A and B Only
According to the writings of Bregha, freedom in leisure requires A.the possession of personal knowledge: B. the financial means C. permission D. All the above E. A and b only
D. All of the Above
Art criticism is the evaluation of art on the basis of aesthetics as well as: A.personal perspectives B. social perspectives C. cultural perspectives D. all of the above
D. All of the Above
Characteristics of culture include: A. shared B. modern C. ethnocentric D. all of the above E. a and b only
D. All of the Above
Impressionism in art A. is a painting style presenting an immediate impression of an object or event B. includes such painters as Mary Cassatt and Claude Monet C. for artists in Paris in the late 1800s depicted everyday life - particularly pastimes D. All of the Above E. A and C only
D. All of the Above
Leisure's meaning in ancient China could be: A. Xiuxian B. Harmony C. Beauty of nature D. All of the above E. None of the above
D. All of the Above
Self-as-entertainment theory: A. focuses on personality as a basis for leisure choices B. reflects the capacity of people to fill their free time with activities that are personally satisfying C. describes people who are never bored D. all of the above E. none of the above
D. All of the Above
The theory of anti-structure: A. is based on the idea of rituals in people's lives B. says that leisure is outside of the everyday norm C. comes from the field of anthropology D. all of the above E. a and c only
D. All of the Above
The type of play required in a game may be: A. competition B. mimicry C. make-believe D. all of the above E. a and c only
D. All of the Above
The type(s) of pleasure found in leisure is (are) A. sensory B. expressive C. intellectual D. all of the above E. a and b only
D. All of the Above
Theories that attempt to explain leisure behavior: A. are multidisciplinary in nature B. still do not explain all leisure behavior C. continue to be tested and revised D. all of the above E. and c only
D. All of the Above
When we consider leisure anthropologically: A. we study how it and human societies are mutually shaped B. the disciplines of the social sciences, humanities, and biology are involved C. we are interested in cross-cultural differences D. all of the above E. none of the above
D. All of the Above
The deliberate use of risk is: A. directly contrary to benefits of leisure B. an important benefit of leisure C. a natural human desire that cannot be eliminated D. b and c only E. none of the above
D. B and C Only
The idea of freedom "to" A. suggests that leisure is an escape from the drudgery of everyday life B. is the most descriptive of the freedom quality in leisure C. suggests that leisure offers fulfilling possibilities D. b and c only E. A and b only
D. B and C Only
The compensation explanation of leisure behavior: A. maintains that if work is enjoyable, leisure will become an extension of it B. explains leisure according to the amount of perceived freedom of choice involved C. was developed by Csikszentmihalyi D. none of the above E. a and b only
D. None of the Above
Postmodernism is: A. a society in which there exists a diversity of subcultural patterns B. the value of all goods and services produced domestically C. a general level of technology and economic sophistication D. a breakdown of old certainties and standards due to modernity E. none of the above
D. a breakdown of old certainties of standards due to modernity
In ancient Greece, the "leisure ideal" meant A. leisure can ignoble us by way of making right choices B. schole C.mass spectacle D. pleasure and relaxation E. A and B
E. A and B
The harsh conditions for many workers during the Industrial Revolution: A. led to a concern for social reform B. were in part the result of a more lock-step pace to work brought about by the demands of machines C.were quickly solved by industry managers D. all of the above E. a and b only
E. A and B
Demography: A. Includes information such as age, gender, ethnicity, race, and income B. Explains very little about leisure behavior and interests C. Mixes together within the concept of lifestyle D. All of the above E. a and c only
E. A and C Only
Broadly defined, "well-being" is the dynamic process that ensures people: A. possess a sense of individual vitality B. are able to undertake activities that are meaningful, are engaging, and make them feel competent and autonomous C. have a stock of resources to help them be resilient to changes and circumstances not under their immediate control D. have lives that incorporate leisure in the development and maintenance of health across the lifespan E. all of the above
E. All of the Above
Keeping mentally sharp can be aided by: A. playing board and card games B. joining book clubs C. learning new hobbies D. being physically active E. all of the above
E. All of the Above
Research has indicated that gender identity is formed in part during leisure via gender messages conveyed by: A. parents B. peers C. institutions D. mass media E. all of the above
E. All of the Above
Which of the following does not provide interpretations of leisure that are integral to the human experience? A. Literature b. Art C. Dance D. All of the above E. None of the above
E. None of the Above
According to the perspective of this chapter, health is the absence of disease or infirmity. T/F
False
Acculturation is the same anthropological process as enculturation. T/F
False
Being a part of a well-defined friendship group is developmentally important at only the young adult stage of life. T/F
False
Determining people's lifestyle types has been rejected by marketing strategies as too weak a predictor of people's behavior. T/F
False
During the Renaissance period, leisure was banned in favor of a work ethic. T/F
False
Economic development not only improves an area's standard of living, but is usually also able to enhance a culture's uniqueness. T/F
False
Essentially, studying the humanities is vital for learning how to be less human by freeing our minds to achieve a higher state of being. T/F
False
In contemporary societies, we no longer value the leisure quality of relaxation, but rather feel we must be active and productive in leisure. T/F
False
Leisure contributes to positive emotional health and not to the development of negative emotions. T/F
False
Leisure in modern societies is more traditional and slow-paced. T/F
False
Leisure is declining as a consideration when choosing where we will live. T/F
False
Not only is leisure not commonly depicted in art, it has never been the motive of artistic movements. T/F
False
Reversal theory explains leisure behavior similarly to Wilensky's compensation theory ideas. T/F
False
Teddy Roosevelt was the "father of the American playground movement." T/F
False
The competence-effectance theory says that children play to practice skills needed for adult life. T/F
False
The concept of communitas means perceived freedom. T/F
False
According to Wilensky, leisure interests and choices are either a continuation of or a contrast to work interests and choices. T/F
True
According to leisure scholar Doug Kleiber, leisure is simply being appreciative, contemplative, and peaceful. T/F
True
All forms of music (classic, rock, rap, etc.) reflect leisure's meanings. T/F
True
Along with make-believe and daydreaming, humor and laughter are types of daily leisure. T/F
True
Csikszentmihalyi's autotelic concept means intrinsic motivation. T/F
True
Ethnocentricity is the belief that one's own culture is superior in every way to all others. T/F
True
Even under extreme circumstances of brain dysfunction, leisure continues to be important in maintaining health. T/F
True
Examples of demographic factors that explain leisure behavior include age and gender. T/F
True
For the oldest adults, leisure is often the sole connection to the social world.
True
From the perspective of the leisure quality of solitude, leisure can be considered a form of narcissism. T/F
True
Games represent a synthetic counterpart to real life. T/F
True
In a recent study, rap songs contained more "pro-social" lyrics (i.e. gratitude, community, education) than the lyrics of traditional record company distributed songs that leaned more to antisocial themes. T/F
True
In ancient Greece theatre as an expression of leisure was found in festivals, religious rituals, music, poetry, weddings, funerals, and even politics and law. T/F
True
In much of history, leisure was differently experienced according to social class. T/F
True
Intrinsic meaning is the reason for doing something is the satisfaction gained from doing it. T/F
True
Jane Addams is known for the establishment of the Hull House Settlement in Chicago. T/F
True
Leisure can perhaps be best understood through the ideas portrayed in a story, a song, and a painting. T/F
True
Leisure in technological cultures is equated with materialism and consumerism. T/F
True
Leisure is contextual and the contexts found in the humanities are uniquely able to reflect leisure's meanings. T/F
True
Life's longevity is helped by an active and meaningful lifestyle in adulthood. T/F
True
Ludi to ancient Romans meant public games. T/F
True
Mannell's self-as-entertainment theory is based on individual personality differences in the ability to fill free time meaningful. T/F
True
Over the past two decades, children in North America have significantly decreased physical play and replaced it with increased amounts of passive play. T/F
True
Over the past two decades, children in North American have significantly decreased physical play and replaced it with increased amounts of passive play. T/F
True
Participatory dance usually carries a recreational motive. T/F
True
Subcultural variation can often be distinguished according to leisure interests. T/F
True
The ancient Greek idea of hedonism holds that pleasure is the highest goal of life. T/F
True
To characterize a culture as integrated means that all parts of a culture, including leisure, are interrelated. T/F
True
To have leisure is one of the oldest dreams of human beings T/F
True
Within the past several decades, tourism has been used as part of economic development strategies in many countries. T/F
True
