Staphylococcus

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What are staph. aureus's virulence factors (4)

adhesins, toxins, capsule, protein A

What is sepsis

systemic inflammation of blood following bacteremia

Steps/general mechanism of microbial pathogenicity (6)

1. system entry 2. tissue attachment 3. tissue invasion 4. tissue colonization 5. secretion of toxins/virulence factors 6. evasion of host response

What is S. saprophyticus resistant to

Novobiocin

What will Mannitol Salt agar select for: S. aureus or epidermidis

S. aureus

What can the Mannitol Salt Agar plate distinguish

S. aureus and epidermidis

What does the coagulase test differentiate between

S. aureus and epidermidis

Why is there a color difference on a MSA with S. aureus and S. epidermidis

S. aureus has genes for the breakdown of mannitol

Coagulase negative Staphylococcus

S. epidermidis, saprohyticus

Where is S. epidermidis commensally found

Skin

Staphylococcus species with medial importance (3)

Staph. aureus, epidermidis, saprophyticus

What does the catalase test differentiate between

Staphylococcus and streptococcus

What infections can s. epidermidis cause

Stitch abscesses, indwelling med devices,

What infections can S. saprophyticus

UTIs

What makes up SCCmec

att and mecA

How does staph. aureus interact with Abs? What is the result of this interaction

binds to Fc region via Protein A. blocks initiation of phagocytosis

What does mecA do

binds to PBP to inhibit activity by penicilin

Why is bacteremia by staph. aureus dangerous

blood has high nutrients - iron, glucose, amino acids, minerals, etc.

Where is S. saprophyticus commensally found

female genital tract, perineum

How does staph. aureus become methicillin resistant

integration of a genetic element from a bacteriophage

Where does staph. aureus exist normally/commensally

nasal passages, skin

Catalase result for streptococcus

negative

Coagulase result for S. epidermidis

negative

What diseases can staph. aureus cause

pneumonia, meningitis, food poisoning, TSS, bacteremia, necrotizing pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis

Catalase result for S. aureus

positive

Coagulase result for S. aureus

positive

What effect does staphylokinase have in the blood

promotes coagulation

What is staph. aureus an etiological agent of

skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI's)

What is a virulence factor

structural/secreted microbial molecule that is absolutely necessary for the establishment of infection in an animal/human

Damaging oxygen radicals

superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, NO

Color of S. epidermidis

white

What color is staphylococcus aureus

yellow


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