Statistics midterm

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qualitative

(an attribute whose value is indicated by a label)

quantitative

(an attribute whose value is indicated by a number).

SYMMETRIC

*.* Most of the data values are in the middle and tapers on each end (tail) *• *Left side and right side are "mirror image" of each other if divided evenly *• *Think: "Grading on the curve" - mostly Cs, some Bs and Ds, few As and Fs

Uniform

*1* Each class has approximately the same frequency or relative frequency. *2* A uniform distribution looks like a rectangle

Quantitative data can be separated into two subgroups:

*1* discrete *2* continuous.

SKEWED TO THE RIGHT

*•* Most of the data values are on the low end of the numeric values and tapers off as you move to the right *• *Also called "positively skewed"

STEM & LEAF PLOT

*•* is another method for organizing data *•* combines ordering data values with graphing *•* is a good choice when the data set is small *•* is created by dividing each data value into a "stem" and "leaf" *•* The leaf is always the final significant digit (last digit of the data value) *•* For example, with a two-digit number, such as 49, 9 would be the leaf *•* For example with a decimal number, such as 2.5, 5 would be the leaf *•* One advantage of the stem & leaf plot is that the raw data is "retained" and could be recreated if needed, unlike the grouped frequency distribution *•* provides information on the *•* Distribution (shape) *•* Center *•* Spread (variation)

HISTOGRAM

*•* is similar to a bar graph, but the vertical bars are contiguous (no gaps) *•* is created using the grouped frequency distribution *•* has a horizontal axis and a vertical axis *•* The horizontal axis can be labeled in several ways (depends on technology) *•*Midpoints of each group -value in the middle of the group (RECALL: 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚+𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 2) *•* Class Boundaries ---values that remove the gap between the groups (subtract 0.5 from each lower class limit) *•* The vertical axis represents the frequency or relative frequency of each group *•*The height (length) of each vertical bar can represent either the frequency of each group or the relative frequency of each group. Graph will have the same shape regardless of which one you use. *•*will provide information on the *•* Distribution (shape) *•* Center *•* Spread

*stratified*

A biostatistician spends four hours on a Monday evening at Lenox Square collecting names of people to participate in an upcoming pharmaceutical research study. *random* *systematic* *convenience* *stratified* *cluster*

*D)* The population is all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

A cardiologist is interested in the mean recovery period of her patients who have had heart attacks. *What is the population of this study?* *A)* The population is all of the cardiologist's patients with heart disease. *B)* The population is all of the cardiologist's patients over 60 years old who have had a heart attack. *C)* The population is a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *D)* The population is all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

*B)* The statistic is the average recovery period for a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

A cardiologist is interested in the mean recovery period of her patients who have had heart attacks. *What is the statistic of this study?* *A)* The statistic is the average age of a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *B)* The statistic is the average recovery period for a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *C)* The statistic is the average recovery period for all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *D)* The statistic is the average age of all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

*B)* The variable is the time it takes to recover from a heart attack.

A cardiologist is interested in the mean recovery period of her patients who have had heart attacks. *What is the variable of this study?* *A)* The variable is the age of a patient when he or she had a heart attack. *B)* The variable is the time it takes to recover from a heart attack. *C)* The variable is the number of patients who visit the doctor. *D)* The variable is the number of patients who have had a heart attack.

*B)* The parameter is the average recovery period for all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

A cardiologist is interested in the mean recovery period of her patients who have had heart attacks. *What is the parameter of this study?* *A)* The parameter is the average recovery period for a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *B)* The parameter is the average recovery period for all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *C)* The parameter is the average age of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *D)* The parameter is the average age of a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

*A)* The sample is a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack.

A cardiologist is interested in the mean recovery period of her patients who have had heart attacks. *What is the sample of this study?* *A)* The sample is a group of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *B)* The sample is all of the cardiologist's patients who have had a heart attack. *C)* The sample is all of the cardiologist's patients. *D)* The sample is a group of the cardiologist's patients with heart disease.

*1-* random

A computer generates 100 random numbers, and 100 people whose names correspond with the numbers on the list are chosen. *1-* random *2-* systematic *3-*convenience *4-*stratified *5-*cluster

*random*

A computer program is used to randomly generate a list of 300 student ID numbers in order to gather a group to give feedback about the student life activities on campus. *random* *systematic* *convenience* *stratified* *cluster*

*3)* convenience

A female student walks down the halls in her dormitory asking random students how much money they would spend in a food court area in the dormitory lobby in an effort to persuade the administration to offer such an option. *1)* random *2)* systematic *3)* convenience *4)* stratified *5)* cluster

*A)* The parameter is the average amount of time that all clients exercise in one week.

A fitness center is interested in the mean amount of time a client exercises in the center each week. *What is the parameter of this study?* *A)* The parameter is the average amount of time that all clients exercise in one week. *B)* The parameter is the average number of visits per day for one week. *C)* The parameter is the number of clients who visit the fitness center in one week. *D)* The parameter is the average amount of time that a sample of clients exercises in one week.

*C)*The population is all of the clients of the fitness center.

A fitness center is interested in the mean amount of time a client exercises in the center each week. *What is the population for this study?* *A)*The population is all of the clients surveyd by the fitness center. *B)*The population is all of the clients that use the fitness center for a given week. *C)*The population is all of the clients of the fitness center. *D)*The population is the total amount of time a client exercises in one week

*D)* The sample would be some randomly selected clients that use the fitness center for a given week.

A fitness center is interested in the mean amount of time a client exercises in the center each week. *What is the sample of this study?* *A)*The sample would be the days of the week in which the most cliets use the fitness center. *B)*The sample would be the total amount of time a client exercises in one week. *C)*The sample would be all of the clients of the fitness center. *D)* The sample would be some randomly selected clients that use the fitness center for a given week.

*D)*The statistic is the number of clients who visit the fitness center in one week.

A fitness center is interested in the mean amount of time a client exercises in the center each week. *What is the statistic of this study?* *A)*The statistic is the total amount of time that all clients exercise in one week. *B)*The statistic is the average amount of time that a sample of clients exercises in one week. *C)*The statistic is the average amount of time that all clients exercise in one week. *D)*The statistic is the number of clients who visit the fitness center in one week.

*D)*The variable is the amount of time that a client exercises in one week.

A fitness center is interested in the mean amount of time a client exercises in the center each week. *What is the variable of this study?* *A)* The variable is the number of clients that visit the fitness center each day. *B)*The variable is the average number of visits per week for all clients. *C)*The variable is the number of days per week that a client visits the fitness center. *D)*The variable is the amount of time that a client exercises in one week.

*e* cluster

A group of test subjects is divided into twelve groups; then four of the groups are chosen at random and all test subjects in those groups are surveyed. *a* random *b* systematic *c* convenience *d* stratified *e* cluster

*4* stratified

A high school principal polls 50 freshman, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. *1* random *2* systematic *3* convenience *4* stratified *5*cluster

*c* convenience

A local radio station has a fan base of 20,000 listeners. The station wants to know if its audience would prefer more music or more talk shows. So the station surveys the first 200 people they meet at one of the station's music concert events. *a* random *b* systematic *c* convenience *d* stratified *e* cluster

*systematic*

A market researcher polls every tenth person who walks into a store. *random* *systematic* *convenience* *stratified* *cluster*

*B)* The parameter is the proportion of all people in the US who will buy the product.

A marketing company is interested in the proportion of people in the US who will buy a particular product. What is the parameter of this study? *A)* The parameter is the proportion of all people in North Carolina who will buy the product. *B)* The parameter is the proportion of all people in the US who will buy the product. *C)* The parameter is the proportion of the sample who will buy the product. *D)* The parameter is the proportion of a sample of people in North Carolina who will buy the product.

*D)* The population is all people in the US.

A marketing company is interested in the proportion of people in the US who will buy a particular product. What is the population of this study? *A)* The population is a group of people who buy the product. *B)* The population is a group of people in the US. *C)* The population is all people who buy the product. *D)* The population is all people in the US.

*D)* The sample is all people who buy the product.

A marketing company is interested in the proportion of people in the US who will buy a particular product. What is the sample of this study? *A)* The sample is a group of people in the US. *B)* The sample is all people in the US. *C)* The sample is a group of people who buy the product. *D)* The sample is all people who buy the product.

*B)* The statistic is the proportion of the sample who will buy the product.

A marketing company is interested in the proportion of people in the US who will buy a particular product. What is the statistic of this study? *A)* The statistic is the proportion of all people in the US who will not buy the product. *B)* The statistic is the proportion of the sample who will buy the product. *C)* The statistic is the proportion of the sample who will not buy the product. *D)* The statistic is the proportion of all people in the US who will buy the product.

*B)* The variable is the number of people in the US who will buy the product.

A marketing company is interested in the proportion of people in the US who will buy a particular product. What is the variable of this study? *A)* The variable is the number of people in the US who will not buy the product. *B)* The variable is the number of people in the US who will buy the product. *C)* The variable is the cost of the product. *D)* The variable is the number of units of the product sold.

*B)* The parameter is the proportion of all of this counselor's clients who stay married.

A marriage counselor is interested in the proportion of clients she counsels who stay married. What is the parameter of this study? *A)* The parameter is the proportion of a sample of clients of any marriage counselor who stay married. *B)* The parameter is the proportion of all of this counselor's clients who stay married. *C)* The parameter is the proportion of all clients of any marriage counselor who stay married. *D)* The parameter is the proportion of the sample of this counselor's clients who stay married.

*D)* The population is all of the clients of this counselor.

A marriage counselor is interested in the proportion of clients she counsels who stay married. What is the population of this study? *A)* The population is all of the clients of this counselor who stay married. *B)* The population is a group of clients of this counselor. *C)* The population is all couples in marriage counseling. *D)* The population is all of the clients of this counselor.

*A)* The sample is a group of clients of this marriage counselor.

A marriage counselor is interested in the proportion of clients she counsels who stay married. What is the sample of this study? *A)* The sample is a group of clients of this marriage counselor. *B)* The sample is all of the clients of this marriage counselor. *C)* The sample is all of the clients of this counselor who stay married. *D)* The sample is a group of clients of all marriage counselors.

*B)* The statistic is the proportion of the sample of this counselor's clients who stay married.

A marriage counselor is interested in the proportion of clients she counsels who stay married. What is the statistic of this study? *A)* The statistic is the proportion of all clients of any marriage counselor who stay married. *B)* The statistic is the proportion of the sample of this counselor's clients who stay married. *C)* The statistic is the proportion of all of this counselor's clients who stay married. *D)* The statistic is the proportion of a sample of clients of any marriage counselor who stay married.

*B)* The variable is the number of clients of this counselor who stay married.

A marriage counselor is interested in the proportion of clients she counsels who stay married. What is the variable of this study? *A)* The variable is the number of clients of this counselor. *B)* The variable is the number of clients of this counselor who stay married. *C)* The variable is the proportion of clients of this counselor who stay married. *D)* The variable is the mean length of the clients' marriages.

Sampling without Replacement

A member of the population may be chosen for inclusion in a sample only once. If chosen, the member is not returned to the population before the next selection.

*a* random

A political party wants to know the reaction of voters to a debate between the candidates. The day after the debate, the party's polling staff calls 1,200 randomly selected phone numbers. If a registered voter answers the phone or is available to come to the phone, that registered voter is asked whom he or she intends to vote for and whether the debate changed his or her opinion of the candidates. *a* random *b* systematic *c* convenience *d* stratified *e* cluster

*B)* The parameter is the proportion of all voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job.

A politician is interested in the proportion of voters in his district who think he is doing a good job. What is the parameter of this study? *A)* The parameter is the number of registered voters in the district. *B)* The parameter is the proportion of all voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *C)* The parameter is the proportion of a group of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *D)* The parameter is the number of people in the district.

*C)* The population is all the voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job.

A politician is interested in the proportion of voters in his district who think he is doing a good job. What is the population of this study? *A)* The population is a group of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *B)* The population is a group of voters in the district. *C)* The population is all the voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *D)* The population is all voters in the district.

*D)*The sample is all the voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job.

A politician is interested in the proportion of voters in his district who think he is doing a good job. What is the sample of this study? *A)* The sample is a group of voters in the district. *B)* The sample is all voters in the district. *C)* The sample is a group of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *D)*The sample is all the voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job.

*B)* The statistic is the proportion of a group of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job.

A politician is interested in the proportion of voters in his district who think he is doing a good job. What is the statistic of this study? *A)* The statistic is the number of people in the district. *B)* The statistic is the proportion of a group of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *C)* The statistic is the number of voters in the district who think the politician is doing a good job. *D)* The statistic is the number of registered voters in a group of people.

*B)* The variable is the opinion of the registered voters.

A politician is interested in the proportion of voters in his district who think he is doing a good job. What is the variable of this study? *A)* The variable is the politician's view of his job. *B)* The variable is the opinion of the registered voters. *C)* The variable is the status of a citizen's voter registration. *D)* The variable is the political party of the voters.

*convenience*

A researcher chooses 5 of the school districts in the Los Angeles area and asks each household in those districts how many school-aged children are in the home. *random* *systematic* *convenience* *stratified* *cluster*

*(d)* stratified

A researcher for Paramount separates that audience invited to a recent movie test screening into 5 age groups (10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50 or over). The researcher then randomly samples twelve viewers from each age group to determine the audience's reaction to the movie. *(a)* random *(b)* systematic *(c)* convenience *(d)* stratified *(e)* cluster

*D* stratified

A researcher for the Spalding athletic equipment company is studying the relationship between the level of education and participation in any sport. She conducts a survey of 40 randomly selected golfers, 40 randomly selected tennis players, and 40 randomly selected swimmers. *A* random *B*systematic *C* convenience *D* stratified *E* cluster

*e-* cluster

A state politician wants to gauge public opinion in his district before running for reelection. For this study, 250 registered voters are chosen at random from each county in his district. *a-* random *b-* systematic *c-* convenience *d-* stratified *e-* cluster

*2* systematic

A study was done to determine the age, number of times per week, and the duration (amount of time) or residents using a local park in San Antonio, Texas. The first house in the neighborhood around the park was selected randomly and then the resident of every eighth house in the neighborhood around the park is interviewed. *1* random *2* systematic *3* convenience *4* stratified *5* cluster

*2.* Quantitative Discrete *7.* Ratio

Ages of students in MATH 2200 *1.* Qualitative *2.* Quantitative Discrete *3.* Quantitative Continuous *4.* Nominal *5.* Ordinal *6.* Interval *7.* Ratio

*e-* cluster

All of the Pepsi stockholder are divided into groups based on zip codes, then 5 different zip codes are randomly selected and all stockholders in those zip codes are interviewed. *a-* random *b-* systematic *c-* convenience *d-* stratified *e-* cluster

Amounts of Weight (in pounds) lost by women following a low carbohydrate diet. *How many women were involved in the study?*

*5* Cluster

An IRS researcher investigates cheating on income tax reports by surveying all waiters and waitresses at 20 randomly selected restaurants. *1* Random *2* Systematic *3* Convenience *4* Stratified *5* Cluster

*3.* convenience

An engineering student measures the strength of fingers used to push buttons by testing family members. *1.* random *2.* systematic *3.* convenience *4.* stratified *5.* cluster

*(convenience)*

An instructor surveys all of her students to obtain information about the number of credit cards each student possesses. *(random)* *(systematic)* *(convenience)* *(stratified)* *(cluster)*

*A)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam taken by all students

An instructor wants to know the average (mean) grade earned on the first College Algebra exam. The instructor randomly surveys 200 students who took the first College Algebra exam. What is the parameter for this research study? *A)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam taken by all students *B)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam taken by all students *C)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam by the 200 students surveyed *D)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam by the 200 students surveyed.

*A)* All students who took the first College Algebra exam

An instructor wants to know the average (mean) grade earned on the first College Algebra exam. The instructor randomly surveys 200 students who took the first College Algebra exam. What is the population related to this research study? *A)* All students who took the first College Algebra exam *B)* All students *C)* The 200 surveyed students who took the first College Algebra exam *D)* All students at the institution

*C)* The 200 surveyd students who took the first College Algebra exam

An instructor wants to know the average (mean) grade earned on the first College Algebra exam. The instructor randomly surveys 200 students who took the first College Algebra exam. What is the sample related to this research study? *A)* All students who took the first College Algebra exam *B)* All students *C)* The 200 surveyd students who took the first College Algebra exam *D)* All students at the institution

*D)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam by the 200 students surveyed.

An instructor wants to know the average (mean) grade earned on the first College Algebra exam. The instructor randomly surveys 200 students who took the first College Algebra exam. What is the statistic for this research study? *A)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam taken by all students *B)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam taken by all students *C)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam by the 200 students surveyed *D)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam by the 200 students surveyed.

*A)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam

An instructor wants to know the average (mean) grade earned on the first College Algebra exam. The instructor randomly surveys 200 students who took the first College Algebra exam. What is the variable for this research study? *A)* The grade on the first College Algebra exam *B)* The number of students who took the first College Algebra exam *C)* The number of instructors teaching College Algebra *D)* The average (mean) grade on the first College Algebra exam

Informed Consent

Any human subject in a research study must be cognizant of any risks or costs associated with the study. The subject has the right to know the nature of the treatments included in the study, their potential risks, and their potential benefits. Consent must be given freely by an informed, fit participant.

*D)* Ratio

Areas of neighborhood lawns, in square feet. Pick the correct level of measurement *A)* Nominal *B)* Ordinal *C)* Interval *D)* Ratio

*C)* Quantitative Continuous

Areas of neighborhood lawns, in square feet. Pick the correct type of data *A)* Qualitative *B)* Quantitative Discrete *C)* Quantitative Continuous

*(b)*systematic

At a police sobriety checkpoint, every 5th driver is stopped and interviewed. *(a)*random *(b)*systematic *(c)*convenience *(d)*stratified *(e)*cluster

*(C)*Quantitative Continuous *(F)* Interval

Body Temperature *(A)* Qualitative *(B)* Quantitative Discrete *(C)*Quantitative Continuous *(D)* Nominal *(E)* Ordinal *(F)* Interval *(G)* Ratio

*3)*Quantitative Continuous *6)*Interval

Capacity (in gallons) of a swimming pool *1)* Qualitative *2)*Quantitative Discrete *3)*Quantitative Continuous *4)*Nominal *5)*Ordinal *6)*Interval *7)*Ratio

*1* Nominal

Colors of houses in the neighborhood. Pick the correct level of measurement *1* Nominal *2* Ordinal *3* nterval *4* Ratio

*1* Qualitative

Colors of houses in the neighborhood. Pick the correct type of data *1* Qualitative *2* Quantitative Discrete *3* Quantitative Continuous

discrete

Data is ____________ if it is the result of counting (such as the number of students of a given ethnic group in a class or the number of books on a shelf).

continuous

Data is ____________ if it is the result of measuring (such as distance traveled or weight of luggage)

*3.* Quantitative Continuous *7.* Ratio

Distance (in miles) to the closest movie theater. *1.* Qualitative *2.* Quantitative Discrete *3.* Quantitative Continuous *4.* Nominal *5.* Ordinal *6.* Interval *7.* Ratio

*a.* True

Families spend more on animal products (meat, poultry, fish,eggs, and dairy) than on plant products (cereal, bread, fruit, and veggies) *a.* True *b.* False

*(a-)* True

Fewer than one in five games sold is a Mature rated game. *(a-)* True *(b-)* False

frequency

For a data set in a frequency distribution, the number of items that are in a particular class is called the ________________

Relative frequency

For a data set in a frequency distribution, the percent of items that are in a particular class is called the ____________

*Symmetric*

Histogram of "Commute Time for State Workers" Use the histogram to answer the question. The distribution of the histogram is ____________. *Skewed to the Left* *Skewed to the Right* *Uniform* *Symmetric*

*Skewed to the Right*

Histogram of "How Many Siblings Do You Have" Pick the correct answer.Skewed to the Left The distribution of the histogram is _____________. *Skewed to the Left* *Skewed to the Right* *Uniform* *Symmetric*

*1.* random

In a Gallup poll of 1059 adults, the interview subjects were selected by using a computer to randomly generate telephone numbers that were then called. *1.* random *2.* systematic *3.* convenience *4.* stratified *5.* cluster

*(1)* random

In a Gallup poll, the interview subjects were selected by using a computer to randomly generate telephone numbers that were called. *(1)* random *(2)* systematic *(3)* convenience *(4)* stratified *(5)* cluster

*a* True

In a categorical frequency distribution, the total of all the frequencies is equal to the sample size. *a* True *b* False

*2.* False

In a categorical frequency distribution, the total of all the frequencies is less than the sample size. *1.* True *2.* False

*False*

In a categorical frequency distribution, the total of all the frequencies is more than the sample size. *True* *False*

*1.* True

In a categorical frequency distribution, the total of the relative frequencies should be 100%. *1.* True *2.* False

*(c.)* convenience

In order to complete a psychology project, a student passes out surveys to the first 25 people she finds in the student center. Question options: *(a.)* random *(b.)* systematic *(c.)* convenience *(d.)* stratified *(e.)* cluster

*Mature*

In which rating category are the least games sold? *Everyone 10 years or older* *Teen* *Everyone* *Mature*

*Everyone*

In which rating category are the most games sold? *Everyone 10 years or older* *Teen* *Everyone* *Mature*

*D)* The population is all of the clients of the insurance companies

Insurance companies are interested in the mean health costs each year of their clients, so that they can determine the costs of health insurance. *What is the population of this study?* *A)* The population is a random selection of the insurance companies. *B)* The population is a random selection of all of the clients of the insurance companies. *C)* The population is all of the insurance companies. *D)* The population is all of the clients of the insurance companies.

*A)* The sample is a group of the clients.

Insurance companies are interested in the mean health costs each year of their clients, so that they can determine the costs of health insurance. *What is the sample of this study?* *A)* The sample is a group of the clients. *B)* The sample is all of the clients. *C)*The sample is a group of the health costs of the clients. *D)* The sample is all of the health costs of the clients.

*D)* The parameter is the health insurance costs of all of the clients.

Insurance companies are interested in the mean health costs each year of their clients, so that they can determine the costs of health insurance. What is the parameter of this study? *A)* The parameter is the mean costs of the clients' health insurance. *B)* The parameter is the mean health costs of the clients. *C)* The parameter is the health costs of all of the clients. *D)* The parameter is the health insurance costs of all of the clients.

*B)* The statistic is the mean health costs of the sample.

Insurance companies are interested in the mean health costs each year of their clients, so that they can determine the costs of health insurance. What is the statistic of this study? *A)* The statistic is the number of insurance companies. *B)* The statistic is the mean health costs of the sample. *C)* The statistic is the mean health costs of all of the clients. *D)* The statistic is the number of clients.

*B)* The variable is the health costs of one client.

Insurance companies are interested in the mean health costs each year of their clients, so that they can determine the costs of health insurance. What is the variable of this study? *A)* The variable is the mean health cost of one client. *B)* The variable is the health costs of one client. *C)* The variable is the health costs of the sample. *D)* The variable is the mean health costs of the sample.

*a.* Qualitative *d.* Nominal

Manufacturer of the vehicle you drive (Ford, Honda, Kia, Toyota....) *a.* Qualitative *b.*Quantitative Discrete *c.*Quantitative Continuous *d.* Nominal *e.*Ordinal *f.* Interval *g.* Ratio

*a-*Qualitative

Marital status Pick the correct type of data *a-*Qualitative *b-*Quantitative Discrete *c-*Quantitative Continuous

*(a.)*Nominal

Marital status. Pick the correct level of measurement *(a.)*Nominal *(b.)*Ordinal *(c.)*Interval *(d.)*Ratio

*2-* False

More than twice as many Teen rated games are sold as Mature rated games. *1-* True *2-* False

SKEWED TO THE LEFT

Most of the data values are on the high end of the numeric values and tapers off on the left • Also called "negatively skewed"

*2.)*Ordinal

Movie ratings (Excellent, Good, Average, Bad, Horrible) Pick the correct level of measurement *1.)*Nominal *2.)*Ordinal *3.)* Interval *4.)* Ratio

*1.*Qualitative

Movie ratings (Excellent, Good, Average, Bad, Horrible) Pick the correct type of data *1.*Qualitative *2.*Quantitative Discrete *3.*Quantitative Continuous

*(4)*Ratio

Number of cars in a parking lot. Pick the correct level of measurement *(1)*Nominal *(2)*Ordinal *(3)*Interval *(4)*Ratio

*(B)* Quantitative Discrete

Number of cars in a parking lot. Pick the correct type of data *(A)*Qualitative *(B)* Quantitative Discrete *C)* Quantitative Continuous

*(2)*Quantitative Discrete *(7)*Ratio

Number of classes you take per school year *(1)*Qualitative *(2)*Quantitative Discrete *(3)*Quantitative Continuous *(4)*Nominal *(5)*Ordinal *(6)*Interval *(7)*Ratio

*(b)* Quantitative Discrete *(g)* Ratio

Number of pair of shoes you own *(a)* Qualitative *(b)* Quantitative Discrete *(c)* Quantitative Continuous *(d)* Nominal *(e)* Ordinal *(f)* Interval *(g)* Ratio

*(random)*

Nursing supervisors are selected using randomly generated employee ID numbers in order to determine annual salaries. *(random)* *(systematic)* *(convenience)* *(stratified)* *(cluster)*

*(False)*

On the average families spend more on cereal and bread products than on fruits and veggies. *(True)* *(False)*

*3* Dairy

On which food category do families spend the least amount of money? *1* Cereal & Bread Products *2* Meat, Poultry, Fish, & Eggs *3* Dairy *4* Fruits & Veggies

*2*Meat, Poultry, Fish, & Eggs

On which food category do families spend the most money? *1* Cereal & Bread Products *2*Meat, Poultry, Fish, & Eggs *3* Dairy *4* Fruits & Veggies

Sampling with Replacement

Once a member of the population is selected for inclusion in a sample, that member is returned to the population for the selection of the next individual.

*d.* Ratio

Pages in the city of Atlanta telephone book. Pick the correct level of measurement *a.*Nominal *b.*Ordinal *c.*Interval *d.* Ratio

*b.* Quantitative Discrete

Pages in the city of Atlanta telephone book. Pick the correct type of data *a.* Qualitative *b.* Quantitative Discrete *c.* Quantitative Continuous

*3* Quantitative Continuous *7* Ratio

Percentage of body fat *1* Qualitative *2* Quantitative Discrete *3* Quantitative Continuous *4* Nominal *5* Ordinal *6* Interval *7* Ratio

*a.* Qualitative *d.*Nominal

Political Party Preference *a.* Qualitative *b.*Quantitative Discrete *c.*Quantitative Continuous *d.*Nominal *e.*Ordinal *f.*Interval *g.*Ratio

*B)* The parameter is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause.

Political pollsters may be interested in the proportion of people who will vote for a particular cause. What is the parameter of this study? *A)* The parameter is the proportion of citizens who will vote. *B)* The parameter is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause. *C)* The parameter is the proportion of citizens who will vote in the sample. *D)* The parameter is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause in the sample.

*A)* The population is all of the people who will vote.

Political pollsters may be interested in the proportion of people who will vote for a particular cause. What is the population of this study? *A)* The population is all of the people who will vote. *B)* The population is a random selection of all of the people who will vote. *C)* The population is all of the people who will vote for this cause. *D)* The population is a random selection of all of the people who will vote for this cause.

*B)* The sample is a random selection of all of the people who will vote.

Political pollsters may be interested in the proportion of people who will vote for a particular cause. What is the sample of this study? *A)* The sample is all of the people who will vote. *B)* The sample is a random selection of all of the people who will vote. *C)* The sample is all of the people who will vote for this cause. *D)* The sample is a random selection of all of the people who will vote for this cause.

*D)* The statistic is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause in the sample.

Political pollsters may be interested in the proportion of people who will vote for a particular cause. What is the statistic of this study? *A)* The statistic is the proportion of citizens who will vote. *B)* The statistic is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause. *C)* The statistic is the proportion of citizens who will vote in the sample. *D)* The statistic is the proportion of voters who will vote for this cause in the sample.

*A)* The variable is the number of voters who will vote for this cause.

Political pollsters may be interested in the proportion of people who will vote for a particular cause. What is the variable of this study? *A)* The variable is the number of voters who will vote for this cause. *B)* The variable is the number of voters who will vote for this cause in the sample. *C)* The variable is the number of causes a particular person votes for. *D)* The variable is the collection of responses on whether people vote for this cause.

*4* stratified

Postal carriers in Atlanta are divided into four groups according to gender (male or female) and according to whether they walk or ride on their routes. Then 10 are selected from each group and interviewed to determine whether they have been bitten by a dog in the last year. *1* random *2* systematic *3* convenience *4* stratified *5* cluster

*(b)*Ordinal

Rankings of tennis players (1st, 2nd, 3rd,...) Pick the correct level of measurement *(a)*Nominal *(b)*Ordinal *(c)*Interval *(d)*Ratio

*(a)* Qualitative

Rankings of tennis players (1st, 2nd, 3rd,...) Pick the correct type of data *(a)* Qualitative *(b)* Quantitative Discrete *(c)* Quantitative Continuous

*B)* The parameter is the average age of all children when they take their first skiing or snowboarding lesson.

Ski resorts are interested in the mean age that children take their first ski and snowboard lessons. They need this information to plan their ski classes optimally. *What is the parameter of this study?* *A)* The parameter is the average age of all children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons on a given day. *B)* The parameter is the average age of all children when they take their first skiing or snowboarding lesson. *C)* The parameter is the average age of all people taking skiing or snowboarding lessons. *D)* The parameter is the ages of everyone at the ski resort.

*A)* The sample is a group of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons.

Ski resorts are interested in the mean age that children take their first ski and snowboard lessons. They need this information to plan their ski classes optimally. *What is the sample of this study?* *A)* The sample is a group of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons. *B)* The sample is all of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons. *C)* The sample is a group of the people taking skiing or snowboarding lessons. *D)* The sample is all of the people taking skiing or snowboarding lessons.

*B)* The statistic is the average age of a group of children taking their first skiing or snowboarding lesson.

Ski resorts are interested in the mean age that children take their first ski and snowboard lessons. They need this information to plan their ski classes optimally. *What is the statistic of this study?* *A)* The statistic is the average age of a group of people taking their first skiing or snowboarding lesson. *B)* The statistic is the average age of a group of children taking their first skiing or snowboarding lesson. *C)* The statistic is the average age of all people taking their first skiing or snowboarding lesson. *D)* The statistic is the ages of all children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons.

*B)* The variable is the age of each child when he or she takes his or her first skiing or snowboarding lesson.

Ski resorts are interested in the mean age that children take their first ski and snowboard lessons. They need this information to plan their ski classes optimally. *What is the variable of this study?* *A)* The variable is the number of ski or snowboarding lessons offered at the skiing resort. *B)* The variable is the age of each child when he or she takes his or her first skiing or snowboarding lesson. *C)* The variable is the age of everyone taking a skiing or snowboarding lesson for the first time. *D)* The variable is the number of children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons.

*D)* The population is all of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons

Ski resorts are interested in the mean age that children take their first ski and snowboard lessons. They need this information to plan their ski classes optimally. *What is the population of this study?* *A)* The population is all of the people taking skiing or snowboarding lessons on a given day. *B)* The population is all of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons on a given day. *C)* The population is all of the people taking skiing or snowboarding lessons. *D)* The population is all of the children taking skiing or snowboarding lessons

*C)* The 40 AIDS patients being followed by the researcher

Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once they start the treatment. A researcher follows 40 patients with AIDS from the start of treatment until their deaths. What is the sample related to this research study? *A)* All AIDS patients *B)* All AIDS patients whose symptoms have revealed themselves *C)* The 40 AIDS patients being followed by the researcher *D)* All adults

*B)* The average number of months all AIDS patients live once beginning treatment

Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once they start the treatment. A researcher follows 40 patients with AIDS from the start of treatment until their deaths. What is the parameter for this research study? *A)* The number of months all AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *B)* The average number of months all AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *C)* The average number of months the 40 AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *D)* The number of months the 40 AIDS patients live once beginning treatment

*B)* All AIDS patients whose symptoms have revealed themselves

Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once they start the treatment. A researcher follows 40 patients with AIDS from the start of treatment until their deaths. What is the population related to this research study? *A)* All AIDS patients *B)* All AIDS patients whose symptoms have revealed themselves *C)* The 40 AIDS patients being followed by the researcher *D)* All adults

*C)* The average number of months the 40 AIDS patients live once beginning treatment

Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once they start the treatment. A researcher follows 40 patients with AIDS from the start of treatment until their deaths. What is the statistic for this research study? *A)* The number of months all AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *B)* The average number of months all AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *C)* The average number of months the 40 AIDS patients live once beginning treatment *D)* The number of months the 40 AIDS patients live once beginning treatment

*C)* The number of months an AIDS patient lives once he begins treatment

Studies are often done by pharmaceutical companies to determine the effectiveness of a treatment program. Suppose that a new AIDS antibody drug is currently under study. It is given to patients once the AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves. Of interest is the average (mean) length of time in months patients live once they start the treatment. A researcher follows 40 patients with AIDS from the start of treatment until their deaths. What is the variable for this research study? *A)* The number of AIDS patients in the research study *B)* The number of patients whose AIDS symptoms have revealed themselves *C)* The number of months an AIDS patient lives once he begins treatment *D)* The number of months an AIDS patient lives

*3-*Quantitative Continuous

Temperatures inside refrigerators Pick the correct type of data *1-* Qualitative *2-*Quantitative Discrete *3-*Quantitative Continuous

*3-*Interval

Temperatures inside refrigerators. Pick the correct level of measurement *1-*Nominal *2-*Ordinal *3-*Interval *4-*Ratio

*d* stratified

Ten students from each of the 45 sections of College Algebra were asked about the quality of the textbook in the course. *a* random *b* systematic *c* convenience *d* stratified *e* cluster

*e-* cluster

The FDA chooses 20 hospitals around the United States at random. Every doctor in the selected hospitals is aked to participate in a research study. *a-* random *b-* systematic *c-* convenience *d-* stratified *e-* cluster

Yes

The data are daily high temperatures in Atlanta for one month. 61, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66, 66, 67, 68, 70, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 74, 74, 74, 75, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 94 Does the data set contain any outliers?

The data are daily high temperatures in Atlanta for one month. 61, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66, 66, 67, 68, 70, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 74, 74, 74, 75, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 94 How many days are in the sample?

The data are daily high temperatures in Atlanta for one month. 61, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66, 66, 67, 68, 70, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 74, 74, 74, 75, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 94 What daily temperature in Atlanta for one month are considered outliers?

The data are daily high temperatures in Atlanta for one month. 61, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 66, 66, 67, 68, 70, 70, 70, 71, 71, 72, 74, 74, 74, 75, 75, 75, 76, 76, 77, 78, 78, 79, 79, 94 What is the first quartile of the data set above?

71.8

71.5

6.8

46.5

*a-*random

The director of a local shopping mall draws a name out of a box of entries to determine who will win a $100,000 shopping spree. *a-*random *b-*systematic *c-*convenience *d-*stratified *e-*cluster

*C* convenience

The first 50 people to walk into a sporting event are polled on their television preferences. *A* random *B* systematic *C* convenience *D* stratified *E* cluster

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 How many distance between the retail stores were considered(aka sample size)? Write answer as a whole number.

62.5

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the first quartile of the distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Round answer to one decimal place.

150

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the longest distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Write answer as a whole number.

83.5

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the mean distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Round answer to one decimal place.

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the median average distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the sample standard deviation of distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Round answer to one decimal place.

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the shortest distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Write answer as a whole number.

102.5

The following data are the distances between 20 retail stores and a large distribution center. The distances are in miles. 29; 32; 37; 40; 58; 67; 68; 69; 76; 83; 85; 95; 96; 96; 99; 106; 112; 127; 145; 150 What is the third quartile of the distance between the retail stores and a large distribution center? Round answer to one decimal place.

27.8

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the mean length of a boat moored in a marina? Round answer to one decimal place.

*Yes*

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 Are there any outliers in the data set of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Use the algebraic formula to decide. *Yes* *No*

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 How many boats are moored in a marina (aka sample size)? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the first quartile of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the interquartile range (IQR)? Write answer as a whole number

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the largest boat (maximum) moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the median average length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

26, 28

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the mode of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer(s) as a whole number with a comma between each number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the range of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number

6.4

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the sample standard deviation of a boat moored in a marina? Round answer to one decimal place.

41.0, 41

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the sample variance of the length of a boat moored in marina? Round answer to one decimal place.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the smallest boat (minimum) moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the third quartile of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

Yes

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 Are there any outliers in the data set of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Use the algebraic formula to decide. Yes No

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 How many boats are moored in a marina (aka sample size)? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the first quartile of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the interquartile range (IQR)? Write answer as a whole number

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the largest boat (maximum) moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

27.8

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the median average length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

26, 28

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the mode of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer(s) as a whole number with a comma between each number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the range of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

6.4

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the sample standard deviation of a boat moored in a marina? Round answer to one decimal place.

(41.0, 41)

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the sample variance of the length of a boat moored in marina? Round answer to one decimal place.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the smallest boat (minimum) moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

The following data show the lengths of boats moored in a marina. The data are ordered from smallest to largest. 16; 17; 19; 20; 20; 21; 24; 25; 26; 26; 26; 27; 27; 28; 28; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 33; 34; 35; 37; 39; 40 What is the third quartile of the length of a boat moored in a marina? Write answer as a whole number.

yes

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 Does the data set contain any outliers?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 How many trees are in the sample?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the first quartile of the data set above?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the interquartile range (IQR) of the data set?

40.2

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the mean height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the median average height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the range of height, in feet, of the trees?

9.9

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the sample standard deviation of the height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the sample variance of height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the shortest height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the tallest height, in feet, of the trees?

The height in feet of 25 trees is shown below (lowest to highest). 21, 27, 30, 31, 31, 31, 33, 34, 34, 37, 38, 38, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 51, 51, 52, 52, 59, 59 What is the third quartile of the data set above?

*D)* Ratio

The number of machines in a gym Pick the correct level of measurement *A)* Nominal *B)* Ordinal *C)* Interval *D)* Ratio

*B)* Quantitative Discrete

The number of machines in a gym Pick the correct type of data *A)* Qualitative *B)* Quantitative Discrete *C)* Quantitative Continuous

*b* systematic

The quality control department at a soda manufacturer measures the volume of every 12th can off the assembly line. *a* random *b* systematic *c* convenience *d* stratified *e* cluster

Cumulative Relative Frequency

The term applies to an ordered set of observations from smallest to largest. The cumulative relative frequency is the sum of the relative frequencies for all values that are less than or equal to the given value.

Time (in hours) spent playing video games each week Please answer the questions based on the frequency distribution How many classes does the frequency distribution have?

53.5%

Time (in hours) spent playing video games each week Please answer the questions based on the frequency distribution What percentage of students play video games less than 10 hours per week? Make the answer to include one decimal place and the percentage sign.

*(D-)*Ratio

Time is takes to cut the neighborhood lawns. Pick the correct level of measurement *(A-)*Nominal *(B-)*Ordinal *(C-)*Interval *(D-)*Ratio

*3.*Quantitative Continuous *6.*Interval

Tuition for your classes *1.*Qualitative *2.*Quantitative Discrete *3.*Quantitative Continuous *4.*Nominal *5.*Ordinal *6.*Interval *7.*Ratio

*B)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy

We want to know the average (mean) amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy. We randomly survey 100 families with children in the school. Three of the families spent $65, $75, and $95. What is the parameter for this research study? *A)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy *B)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy *C)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms by the 100 families with children at Knoll Academy *D)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms by the 100 families with children at Knoll Academy

*A)* All families with children at Knoll Academy

*C)* The 100 families with children at Knoll Academy

*D)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms by the 100 families with children at Knoll Academy

We want to know the average (mean) amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy. We randomly survey 100 families with children in the school. Three of the families spent $65, $75, and $95. What is the statistic for this research study? *A)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy *B)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy *C)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms by the 100 families with children at Knoll Academy *D)* The average amount of money spent on school uniforms by the 100 families with children at Knoll Academy

*A)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy

We want to know the average (mean) amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy. We randomly survey 100 families with children in the school. Three of the families spent $65, $75, and $95. What is the variable for this research study? *A)* The amount of money spent on school uniforms each year by families with children at Knoll Academy *B)* The number of children each family has enrolled at Knoll Academy *C)* The amount of money spent each year by families with children. *D)* The number of families with children at Knoll Academy

11-15

What category had the most women lose weight? List it by it's name.

15%

What percentage of women lost more than 15 pounds (round answer to nearest whole number including the percentage sign)?

Variable

a characteristic of interest for each person or object in a population

Institutional Review Board

a committee tasked with oversight of research programs that involve human subjects

Frequency Table

a data representation in which grouped data is displayed along with the corresponding frequencies

Box plot

a graph that gives a quick picture of the middle 50% of the data

Histogram

a graphical representation in x-y form of the distribution of data in a data set; x represents the data and y represents the frequency, or relative frequency. The graph consists of contiguous rectangles.

Control Group

a group in a randomized experiment that receives an inactive treatment but is otherwise managed exactly as the other groups

Cluster Sampling

a method for selecting a random sample and dividing the population into groups (clusters); use simple random sampling to select a set of clusters. Every individual in the chosen clusters is included in the sample.

Stratified Sampling

a method for selecting a random sample used to ensure that subgroups of the population are represented adequately; divide the population into groups (strata). Use simple random sampling to identify a proportionate number of individuals from each stratum.

Systematic Sampling

a method for selecting a random sample; list the members of the population. Use simple random sampling to select a starting point in the population. Let k = (number of individuals in the population)/(number of individuals needed in the sample). Choose every kth individual in the list starting with the one that was randomly selected. If necessary, return to the beginning of the population list to complete your sample.

Random Sampling

a method of selecting a sample that gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected.

Convenience Sampling

a nonrandom method of selecting a sample; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data.

Probability

a number between zero and one, inclusive, that gives the likelihood that a specific event will occur

Percentile

a number that divides ordered data into hundredths; percentiles may or may not be part of the data. The median of the data is the second quartile and the 50th percentile. The first and third quartiles are the 25th and the 75th percentiles, respectively.

Standard Deviation

a number that is equal to the square root of the variance and measures how far data values are from their mean; notation: s for sample standard deviation and σ for population standard deviation.

Parameter

a number that is used to represent a population characteristic and that generally cannot be determined easily

Median

a number that separates ordered data into halves; half the values are the same number or smaller than the median and half the values are the same number or larger than the median. The median may or may not be part of the data.

Statistic

a numerical characteristic of the sample; a statistic estimates the corresponding population parameter.

Discrete Random Variable

a random variable (RV) whose outcomes are counted

Continuous Random Variable

a random variable (RV) whose outcomes are measured; the height of trees in the forest is a continuous RV.

Data

a set of observations (a set of possible outcomes); most data can be put into two groups: *qualitative* *quantitative*

Simple Random Sampling

a straightforward method for selecting a random sample; give each member of the population a number. Use a random number generator to select a set of labels. These randomly selected labels identify the members of your sample.

Sample

a subset of the population studied

Representative Sample

a subset of the population that has the same characteristics as the population

Lurking Variable

a variable that has an effect on a study even though it is neither an explanatory variable nor a response variable

Population

all individuals, objects, or measurements whose properties are being studied

Interval

also called a class interval; an interval represents a range of data and is used when displaying large data sets

Average

also called mean; a number that describes the central tendency of the data

Placebo

an inactive treatment that has no real effect on the explanatory variable

Nonsampling Error

an issue that affects the reliability of sampling data other than natural variation; it includes a variety of human errors including poor study design, biased sampling methods, inaccurate information provided by study participants, data entry errors, and poor analysis.

Outlier

an observation that does not fit the rest of the data

Experimental Unit

any individual or object to be measured

Ordinal scale level:

data that can be ordered; the differences cannot be measured

Nominal scale level:

data that cannot be ordered nor can it be used in calculations

Interval scale level:

data with a definite ordering but no starting point; the differences can be measured, but there is no such thing as a ratio.

Ratio scale level:

data with a starting point that can be ordered; the differences have meaning and ratios can be calculated.

Treatments

different values or components of the explanatory variable applied in an experiment

Frequency Polygon

looks like a line graph but uses intervals to display ranges of large amounts of data

Variance

mean of the squared deviations from the mean, or the square of the standard deviation; for a set of data, a deviation can be represented as x - x ¯ where x is a value of the data and x ¯ is the sample mean. The sample variance is equal to the sum of the squares of the deviations divided by the difference of the sample size and one.

Sampling Bias

not all members of the population are equally likely to be selected

Blinding

not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving

Mean

number that measures the central tendency of the data; a common name for mean is 'average.' The term 'mean' is a shortened form of 'arithmetic mean.' By definition, the mean for a sample (denoted by x ¯ ) is and the mean for a population (denoted by μ) is

Interquartile Range

or IQR, is the range of the middle 50 percent of the data values; the IQR is found by subtracting the first quartile from the third quartile.

Double-blinding

the act of blinding both the subjects of an experiment and the researchers who work with the subjects

Random Assignment

the act of organizing experimental units into treatment groups using random methods

Response Variable

the dependent variable in an experiment; the value that is measured for change at the end of an experiment

Explanatory Variable

the independent variable in an experiment; the value controlled by researchers

Midpoint

the mean of an interval in a frequency table

Sampling Error

the natural variation that results from selecting a sample to represent a larger population; this variation decreases as the sample size increases, so selecting larger samples reduces sampling error.

Proportion

the number of successes divided by the total number in the sample

Frequency

the number of times a value of the data occurs

Quartiles

the numbers that separate the data into quarters; quartiles may or may not be part of the data. The second quartile is the median of the data.

Relative Frequency

the ratio of the number of times a value of the data occurs in the set of all outcomes to the number of all outcomes to the total number of outcomes

Mode

the value that appears most frequently in a set of data

First Quartile

the value that is the median of the of the lower half of the ordered data set

Paired Data Set

two data sets that have a one to one relationship so that: • both data sets are the same size, and • each data point in one data set is matched with exactly one point from the other set.

Skewed

used to describe data that is not symmetrical; when the right side of a graph looks "chopped off" compared the left side, we say it is "skewed to the left." When the left side of the graph looks "chopped off" compared to the right side, we say the data is "skewed to the right." Alternatively: when the lower values of the data are more spread out, we say the data are skewed to the left. When the greater values are more spread out, the data are skewed to the right.

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