STDs
HPV vaccines
- Gardasil (Merck Vaccine) protects against FOUR types of HPV - Cervarix from GlaxoSmithKAne which protects against TWO types of HPV
vaccines for STDs
- HPV - Hep B - in development: HIV/Herpes
complications of gonorrhea
- PID - chronic pelvic pain - infertility - ectopic pregnancy - epididymitis - spread to the blood or joints of the infected person
treatment for Chlamydia and gonorrhea
- antibiotics - certain strands of gonorrhea are resistant to some antibiotics, so on may have to take more - without treatment, these STDs can lead to PID
HPV visual symptoms
- appear as small bumps or groups of bumps usually in the genital area - bumps can be raised, flat, single or multiple, small or large and sometimes cauliflower shaped - can appear inside of outside the vagina, the anus, cervix, penis scrotum, groin or thigh - may appear within weeks or months after sexual contact or they may never appear at all
primary stage of syphilis
- appearance of a single sore (chancre) - time between infection with syphilis and the start of the fist symptom can range from 10 to 90 days - sore will last 3-6 weeks and will heal with treatment
symptoms of STDs:
- can be delayed - can be long term consequences - poor mental health - ectopic pregnancies - infant death and illness - cervical cancer - infertility - increased susceptibility to HIV
HSV type 1
- can cause genital herpes but is more commonly cause by fever blisters - or ban be spread through oral-genital or genital-genital contact with a person who has been exposed to this infection - these sores that come with the infection are released between outbreaks form skin that does not appear to have a sore
tertiary stage of syphilis
- can last for years - permanent damage to vital organs - brain - nerves - eyes - heart - blood vessels - liver - bones - joints
long term effects of HPV
- cervical cancer: which does not have symptoms until it is quite advanced - cancer of the vulva, vagina, anus and penis are all common
gonorrhea
- ejaculation does not have to occur for gonorrhea to be transmitted - people most at risk: adolescents, college-age, african americans
S/S in men of gonorrhea
- may have no S/S - will usually occur 2-5 days after infection or as long as 30 days after exposure - burning sensation when peeing - white, yellow or green discharge from the penis or vagina - painful or swollen testicles - rectal infection: discharge, anal itching, soreness, bleeding, painful bowel movements
HIV/AIDS treatment
- not curable - treatment focuses on keeping HIV levels in check - ARV drugs are the standard treatment for HIV infection (cocktails)
S/S of gonorrhea in women
- often mistaken for a bladder or vaginal infection - painful or burning sensation when urinating - increase vaginal discharge - vaginal bleeding between periods - rectal: discharge, itching, soreness, bleeding, painful bowel movements
HSV S/S
- often no S/S - first outbreak can be quite pronounced - incubation period is typically 2 weeks after exposure - second crop of sores - flu-like symptoms (fever and swollen glands) - in milder cases, sores can be mistaken for insect bites or other skin conditions
Local resources for STDs
- planned parenthood - thrive STL - local health department - PCP
genital herpes treatment
- remains in one's body for life - ARV medication ( zorivax, famvir, valtrex) can help reduce the length of both the initial and subsequent herpes outbreak
Primary prevention of STDs
- safe sexual behavior - using latex condoms for penetrative sexual acts - abstinence
secondary stage of syphilis
- skin rash and mucous membrane lesions are the characteristics of this stage - rash does not itch - usually is rough, red or reddish brown spots on the palms and soles of feet - fever - swollen lymph nodes - sore throat - patchy hair loss - headaches - weight loss - muscle aches - fatigue
education about STDs
- teaching students the many different types of STDs - learning the S/S - information about early treatment, especially where symptoms can be masked as other things - teaching that birth control does NOT prevent STDs - information on resources for testing for you and your partner
HSV type 2
- transmitted form the sores that the virus causes - can be released between outbreaks from skin that does not appear to have a sore
tertiary prevention of STDs
- treatment of STDs
how many new STD infections are there each year by the CDC?
20 million
how many teens girls have had an STD that can cause infertility and even death?
4 in 10
which STD was missouri ranked #1 for in 2013?
Chlamydia
which STD was missouri ranked #2 for in 2013?
Gonorrhea
treatment of syphilis
PCN
secondary prevention for STDs
screenings: - regular pap smear - STD testing - PCP visits