stress psychophysiology

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Reticular activating system (RAS)

A network of nerves that connects the mind and the body

Endocrine system

Comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions

Autonomic nervous system

Controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels

Epinephrine

A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla

Norepinephrine

A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla

Oxytocin

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

Vasopressin (ADH)

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Activates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticoid hormones.

Thyroid gland

An endocrine gland that secretes the hormone thyroxin

Limbic system

Produces emotions; the "seat of emotions"

Glucocorticoids

Regulate metabolism of glucose

Mineralocorticoids

Regulate the balance between sodium and potassium

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)

Released by the hypothalamus and results in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone

Thyrotropic hormone releasing factor (TRF)

Released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone

Thyrotropic hormone (TTH)

Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin

Gastrointestinal (GI) system

The body system responsible for digestion

Gray matter

The cerebral cortex

Esophagus

The food pipe

Adrenal medulla

The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines

Subcortex

The lower part of the brain responsible for various physiological processes necessary to stay alive

Adrenal cortex

The part of the adrenal gland that secretes corticoids

Parasympathetic nervous system

The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy

Sympathetic nervous system

The part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for expending energy

Hippocampus

The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" that stress is present

Hypothalamus

The part of the diencephalon that activates the autonomic nervous system

Thalamus

The part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex

Cerebellum

The part of the subcortex responsible for coordination

Pons

The part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep

Diencephalon

The part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of the emotions

Medulla oblongata

The part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of the heartbeat and breathing

Cortisol

The primary glucocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood glucose

Aldosterone

The primary mineralocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood pressure

Gluconeogenesis

The production of glucose from amino acids by the liver

Cerebral cortex

The upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions

Bracing

Unnecessary muscle tension


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