Study Guide: Appendicular Skeleton Session Questions

How many points of attachment are there between the radius and ulna

(3)Proximal, Distal, Interosseous Membrane

Identify the bones of the pelvic girdle and there principle markings

A single pelvic girdle(2 bones/coxal bones) joint anteriorly by the pubis symphasis(fibrocartilage). Each coxal hip bone consist of (3) bones that fuse together; Illium(Superior), Pubis(inferior anterior), Ischium( inferior & posterior). Joint posteriorly by the sacrum forming the sacroiliac joints. The complete symphasis and sacrum forms a deep, basin like structure called the bony pelvis.

Identify the bones of the pectoral (Shoulder) girdle and their principal markings

Clavicle(Collar) and Scapula(Shoulder blade). The pectoral or shoulder girdles attach the bones of the upper limb to the axial skeleton. Each of the two pectoral girdles consists of two S-shaped clavicles and two broad, flat scapulae. The shoulders are extremely mobile, but not very strong. Movements of the clavicles and scapulae position the shoulder joints and provide a base for arm movement. Surfaces of clavicles and scapulae-muscle attachment Markings such as sulci and foramina-indicate the position of nerves or the passage of blood vessels.

Identify the bones of the lower limb and their principle markings

Femur(thigh), Patella(knee cap), Tibia & Fibula(leg), 7 tarsals in the tarsus( ankle), 5 metatarsals( in the metatarsus), 14 phalanges( bones of the digits in foot)

Compare the principle structural differences between female and male pelves

Male: Heavy thick structure, deep false(greater) pelvis, smaller and heart shaped pelvic brim(intel), Acetabulum is large and faces laterally, round obturator foramen, pubic arch is less than 90 degree angle. Female: Light and thin structure, shallow false(greater) pelvis, larger and more oval pelvic brim, acetabulum is small and faces anteriorly, oval obturator foramen, pubic arch is greater than 90 degree angle.

Compare the principle differences between the pectoral and pelvic girdles

Pectoral: attaches upper limbs to trunk, consist of 2 bones (clavicle and Scapula) Pelvic: attaches lower limbs to trunk

Describe the divisions of the pelvic girdle into false and true pelves

The portion of the bony pelvis superior to the pelvic brim is the false (greater) pelvis. The portion of the bony pelvis inferior to the pelvic brim is the true (lesser) pelvis.

Identify the bones of the upper limb and their principle markings

The upper limb (extremities) consist of 60 bones. Each upper limb includes the humerus of the arm, the ulna and radius of forearm, (8)carpals of carpus (wrist) and (5)metacarpals of metacarpus (palm) and the(14) phalanges (bones of the digits) of the hand.