STUDY.COM BUS 212-CHAPTER 1

What is information that is collected for analysis?

Data

What is data that is grouped in evenly distributed values and measured based on the group to which the variable is attributed?

Interval Measurement

In statistics, a sample:

Is a set of data taken from the population to represent the population.

The numbers on lacrosse jerseys are an example of _____ data.

Nominal

What is a mathematical comparison between two numbers?

Ratio

Looking at the data listed under the Position variable, why would the Position variable be considered a nominal variable?

The label describes the position by name.

A political group invites people in the local communities to participate in a survey about prayer in schools. This is an example of:

Voluntary bias

You decide to conduct a survey of families with two children. You are interested in counting the number of boys (out of 2 children) in each family. Is this a random variable, and if it is, what are all its possible values?

Yes, it is a random variable, and its values are 0, 1, or 2.

Why do different types of statistical models exist?

because there are many different types of variables and the models provide ways to analyze them

Variables are collected in the form of data. What are the two major forms of data?

categorical and quantitative

When you find a relationship in bivariate data, you are looking at a positive or a negative _____.

correlation

The _____ is a condition or piece of data in an experiment that is controlled or influenced by an outside factor, most often the independent variable.

dependent variable

Jim is studying how differences in the screen color of electronic devices make an impact on eye strain experienced by the user. In these experiments, which is the response variable and which is the explanatory variable.

the response variable is eye strain; the explanatory variable is screen color

One variable in a data set that is analyzed to describe a scenario or experiment is called _____

univariate

An agency decides to conduct a survey on household incomes in their county. Let x = the household income. What type of variable is x?

x is a continuous random variable.

You decide to collect a bunch of cans of soda and measure the volume of soda in each can. Let x = the number of mL of soda in each can. What type of variable is x?

x is a continuous random variable.

Which of the following is NOT a property of a random variable?

A random variable cannot be negative.

Which of the following is an example of a Cell Reference?

All of these are examples of a cell reference.

Using the chart of qualitative variables below, which variable is binary?

Tenure Track

Why would a statistical model be used?

To predict what probably might happen

What type of data uses two sets of variables that can change and are compared to find relationships?

Bivariate

What is a tool used in Six Sigma that graphs process changes over time?

Control chart

What does Six Sigma refer to?

Having no more than 3.4 defects out of a million

Which two are examples of descriptive statistics?

Mean and standard deviation.

What is statistical estimation?

Methods for reducing errors in inferential statistics.

A coach records the levels of ability in martial arts of various kids. What type of data is this?

Ordinal

Looking at the chart of qualitative variables below, what type of variable is 'Education'?

Ordinal

Sheila is a baker experimenting with a cake recipe. Specifically, she is monitoring how changes in the volume of cream affect the moistness of the cake. What kind of variable is the volume of cream, and why?

it is an independent variable because it is a condition in the experiment that can be changed.

Questions that encourage the answer the researcher expects are known as _____ questions.

leading

Looking at the data given for the Rating variable, what type of variable is being used?

A discrete variable

A true/false survey question that limits the participant's response is an example of:

A limiting question.

How are descriptive statistics used?

All of these

When data is visually displayed in a way that misleads from an accurate interpretation, what is it called?

Misleading graphs.

Which is the type of computer software that limits the amount of computers on which it may be installed?

Proprietary

In a survey, people on average responded that they floss seven times a week despite the fact that the actual averages are drastically lower. Which form of bias likely accounts for this discrepancy?

Social desirability

The language or set of rules that a formula fThe plus symbol (+) and the equal sign (=) are considered what part of a formula?ollows is called what?

Syntax

COUNT, SUM and AVERAGE are all examples of what element in a formula?

The Function

What is the key problem with basic commercial packages?

They are not capable of calculating the statistical significance.

Why is it important to avoid a non-representative sample when conducting a survey?

The survey will reflect the characteristics only of the group that was sampled

A scientist is conducting an experiment on mice, seeing how their weight is affected by the volume of cheese they're given. What is the independent variable in this experiment, and why?

The volume of cheese is the independent variable, because it's being changed to measure the effect on weight.

Which of the following is not part of visual analytics?

tables

There are 4 major elements of a formula. Characters, Operators and Cell References are three of them. What is the fourth element of a formula?

Functions

You conduct an experiment where you want to measure the number of rolls it takes to get two 6's in a row when you roll a fair six-sided die. State whether the random variable is discrete or continuous and give a summary of its values.

Discrete with values 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc.

Looking at the chart of quantitative variables below, which variable is continuous?

Salary

What type of analysis involves looking for hidden relationships between groups?

Cross-tabulation analysis

A condition or piece of data in an experiment that is controlled or influenced by an outside factor is considered what type of variable?

Dependent

How do descriptive and inferential statistics differ?

Descriptive statistics only attempt to describe data, while inferential statistics attempt to make predictions based on data.

What do we call a sample selected by a method that specifically excludes certain groups from the research, either intentionally or unintentionally?

Non-representative.

A survey is handed out by loud volunteers on a street corner. Some people are suspicious of the volunteers and choose to not participate in the survey. This is an example of:

Nonresponse bias

What are two examples of inferential statistics?

Regression analysis and hypothesis testing.

What is an example of probability?

The likelihood that a product will be defective

Why does some software calculate the sample size?

To calculate how many people are needed for the research results to be representative of the whole population

Experts indicate violent video games are a risk factor for aggressive behavior. Do you think it is important for young people to limit their time playing violent video games? This is an example of which type of question?

Leading question

Sally Sue is filling out a survey about health and fitness. One question asks about her height and weight. She responds with her real height, but puts a weight that is ten pounds lighter than what she really weighs. What is this an example of, and why?

Social desirability, because Sally Sue is answering the question the way that she feels she should.

The plus symbol (+) and the equal sign (=) are considered what part of a formula?

The Operator