STUDY.COM BUS 212-CHAPTER 12

An experiment is performed and the sum of squares is calculated. Which of the following sum of squares values would indicate the largest amount of variability in the data?

500

When selecting a business experiment design that includes a high number of variables, proving the validity of the experiment's results will require:

A longer test and observation phase

What is a null hypothesis?

The hypothesis proposing that the independent variable will have no effect on the dependent variable

In which situation would you use a two-way ANOVA?

When you are testing the effects of two different independent variables on a dependent variable

The purpose of running an ANOVA is to find the _____ .

differences between means

Experimental designs used in business are similar to those used by researchers in the:

sciences and psychology

Brian is conducting a study to determine whether meditation affects body weight. Brian plans to have three different groups, where each group will be assigned a different length of meditation time. When Brian gathers his data, he will compare the body weights of the participants between groups. Which type of ANOVA is Brian using?

Between subject

Which type of experimental design that divides a sample into several, relatively similar parts which are then compared (as a group) with other groups?

Randomized Block

A two-way ANOVA is performed and the sum of squares for factor B (SS-B) is found to be 312. If there are 5 groups in factor B, what is the value for the mean square (MS-B)?

78

In which of these situations would you use a two-way ANOVA?

A pharmaceutical company has developed three new blood pressure medications. The company gives the drug to patients in three different age ranges. The company wants to know if there are differences in blood pressure due to the medication, the age of the patients, or if there is any interaction between the type of medication and the patient age.

What is the sum of squared deviations for the following set of data? 43 59 48 52 54 56

166

What is the hypothesis stating that there will be a difference between groups as indicated by the ANOVA performed on the data that is collected?

Alternative hypothesis

What does ANOVA stand for?

Analysis of variance

Brian wants to know if there is a significant difference between the means in the study he is conducting. What value does Brian need to examine?

F-Ratio

In an experiment, there are 8 different groups with 4 measurements per group. To calculate the within group variance, what would you use for N and g?

N = 32 and g = 8

What does ANOVA measure?

The degree to which levels or groups of an independent variable differ from each other

As Danna's Pub & Grill tests the two different kinds of ranch dressing, Danna informs each table that they are receiving the current brand or the new brand. By doing this, Danna's research lacks the typical experimental provision of being:

double-blinded

An experiment is performed and the sum of squares is calculated. Which of the following sum of squares values would indicate the smallest amount of variability in the data?

10

An advertising agency has created five new ads for a product. They show the ads to 4 different focus groups that each contain consumers of different age ranges. Each consumer then records how likely they are to purchase the produce after viewing each ad. The company performs a two-way ANOVA to determine if there any different effects on purchasing decisions between the ads or between consumer age. If consumer age is factor B, how many degrees of freedom are in this factor?

3

In which of these disciplines can an ANOVA be used?

All of these answers are correct

In an experiment in which there are two independent variables, how many effects will an ANOVA test for?

Two main effects and one interaction effect

A data set in which all the values are very close to the mean value would have a small _____.

Variance

In order to conduct a study to determine whether meditation affects body weight, Brian plans to have one group participate in different lengths of meditation time. After each length of meditation time, Brian will measure the body weight of each individual in the group, which is _____ form of ANOVA.

repeated measure

Danna and her family have owned and operated a bar and grill for the last 30 years Now, they are considering switching brands of ranch dressing. In an effort to determine the right way to move forward, she designs a simple experiment in which lunch customers use dressing from the current Brand X while dinner customers are given the new dressing (Brand Y). Which statement accurately describes the control group?

Lunch customers are the control group

A two-way ANOVA is performed and for the interaction effect, the mean square for the interaction (MS-I) is found to be 270. The within-group variation (MS-W) is 45. A table of critical f-ratios tells you that the critical f-ratio for this experiment is 6.21 at the alpha = 0.01 significance level. Is there enough evidence here to show that there is an interaction effect?

No, the f-ratio for this experiment is 6 and f-critical is 6.21. Because f<f-critical, you cannot reject the null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to show that there is an interaction effect.

Sarah performs an experiment to determine the best amount of sun and water for a certain type of plant. She varies the amount of water the plants get each day and also how much time they are in the sun. At the end of six weeks, she measures how tall each plant is. Which of these is an example of an interaction effect that this experiment might detect?

Plants that receive more sunlight also require more water

A two-way ANOVA is performed and the f-ratio for factor A is calculated to be 4.8. The critical f-ratio at a significance level of alpha = 0.05 is 4.3. From this information, what can you conclude about how factor A is influencing the measured variable?

There are differences in the measured variable due to factor A.

You perform an ANOVA and determine that the within-group variance is 89.9, while the between-group variance is 57.2. What can you concluded about this data?

There are no differences between the groups because there is more variance within the groups than between the groups

Calculate the sum of squares for the following data set: 20 23 28 32 30 24 20 23

142

Calculate the sum of squares for the following data set: 100 150 120 130 140 120 110 130

1800

Sarah performs an experiment to determine the best amount of sun and water for a certain type of plant. She varies the amount of water the plants get each day and also how much time they are in the sun. At the end of six weeks, she measures how tall each plant is. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Both the amount of sun and the amount of water are independent variables

Brian plans to have one group participate in different lengths of meditation time for his study to determine whether meditation affects body weight. After each length of meditation time, he will measure the body weight of each individual in the group. Brian's assistant, Barney, is worried that they will not see a big difference in the body weight of the participants from the first post-meditation weigh-in to the subsequent weigh-ins. What phenomenon is Barney worried about?

Carryover effect

Which of these is sum of squares used to calculate?

Sum of squares is required to calculate all of these

When should you use an ANOVA to determine if there are differences between groups?

When you have more than two different groups to compare

A two-way ANOVA is performed and the F-ratio for the interaction effect is calculated to be 4.32. In an F-ratio table, you find that the critical F-ratio is 3.21. Can you say that the interaction effect is statistically significant or not?

Yes, because the calculated F-ratio is bigger than the critical F-ratio