Sun part 1
specificity
"if test determines those who do not have the disease is...specificity, sensitivity, validity.
cleaning of canals/ inadequately disinfected
#1 reason endo fail:
Incorrect shade ( true) checked on NOV true on Dec also true
#10 crown on a patient is PFM. It looks longer than #7. All of the following maybe the reason why the crown looks like this, except? - Incorrect shade. nsufficient tooth prep (yes), too think metal (yes), too thick porcelain (yes) - all of these could have caused it)
poorly filled canal
#2 reason endo fail:
protrusive and working side movement
#30 gold crown has wear located on the MB cusp of the MB incline, cause -
incline most effected is max/mand balancing cusp
#30 hyperoccluded, deviated -
Isolation
#5 cervical lesion Class V what do you need to consider?
17%
% of EDTA
Increases strength of collagen**
***Fluoride works in all these ways except:
Key and keyway—for pontics and shortspan bridges where you can't get proper draw without a lot of tooth reduction. POI is parallel to pathway of retainer.
**NONRIGID CONNECTOR:
middle third of the crown Dentin p241: BRACING ( stabilizing/reciprocating ) clasp arm placed OCCLUSAL to the tooth's height of contour ( crown's middle 1/3 ). MUST BE RIGID.
**Reciprocal Clasp-- located on:
...dentin p241: RETENTIVE clasp arm that is FLEXIBLE and placed in areas below ( cervical ) to tooth's height of contour ( tooth's gingival 1/3)
**Retentive clasp-- gingival third of the crown w/I the undercut
In the class III variation (of palate forms), there is a high vault in the hard palate. Soft palate has an acute drop and a wide range of movement. The vibrating line is much more anterior and closer to the hard palate. This gives a narrow posterior palatal seal area.
*From Dr. Nasr's lecture:
b)congnitive restructuring
- a) Cognitive dissonance, b)congnitive restructuring, c)operant, d)sensitization
Question: Lucency is seen in PA, it's under the furcation of primary molar, what could this be due to? QUESTION: Little girl had ALL, had radiolucency in furcation of primary 2nd molar. What is the treatment? • Extraction • Pulpotomy • Pulpectomy
- Necrotic pulp (other options were roots are resorbing, permanent tooth caused it, some other stuff) Pulpectomy
Six months ago you did a RCT on central with an open apex (the pt was young, but can't remember the exact age). You place calcium hydroxide in canal and waited the 6 months. You open the canal but can still pass #70 file through the apex. What would you do? - calcium hydroxide - Zinc oxide eugenol - gutta percha
- calcium hydroxide
is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts,是一种学习识别和解决非理性或适应不良思想的心理治疗过程，
- cognitive restructuring认知重构
Endo on a molar. Break a file on apical level, what should you do?
-refer patient to specialist?- if it was in middle third you would continue treatment. --if it is in the apical third and it is a large file, I would obturate. If it is early and a small file, try to retrieve..if you can't get it to refer. If broken in the middle, try to retrieve and if not, refer..the above answer is wrong about the middle third statement
true
...Etch dissolves smear layer. T/F?true
How long do you splint after tooth has been avulsed?
1-2 weeks or 7-10 days
Patient (6 yo), the treatment of choice for a necrotic pulp on permanent first molar would be: 1. Apexification (Non vital) 2. Apexogenesis, (vital) 3. Root Canal Treatment
1. Apexification (Non vital)
Horizontal Root Fracture more common in anteriors, the success and healing of horizontal root fractures is the immediate reduction of the fractured segments and the immobilization of the coronal segment is for how long?
12 weeks 2-3 months
apexification
13yr old w/ non-vital max central, open apex
Percentage of EDTA
17%
chi squared test
2 groups of 100 ppl, gave them different foods & asked how they felt afterwards; which test to compare the 2 groups
type of resin and type of prep
2 things that account for successful post composite restoration -
Knee to knee with head on dentist lap
2 year old kid, best technique? Knee to knee with head on dentist lap Knee to knee with head on parents lap
according to golden more than 15 killing a child
2 yo takes 20mg fluoride pill - coma, nausea, renal failure, cardiac arrest
Avulsed tooth should be treated with what to reduce root resorption?
2% Sodium fluoride for 20 minutes. -if it has been more than 60 min and has a CLOSED apex -if it has been less than 60 min with OPEN apex, place in Doxycycline -do not re-implant open apex teeth that have been out for more than 60 min
Buccal corridor颊走廊
23. When you smile what is the black space buccal of teeth and next to cheeks?
length (245= 3mm, 330= 1.5mm)
245 vs 330 bur
Daily or weekly in school with dilute solution of fluoride .
25% to 28% of dental caries can be reduced by rinsing ?
SSC
27. Picture of ulcerated tumor on palate?
Maximum fircation, stabilization, maximum movement can be brouth with this. Easily manipulative and good movement to tooth and easily adapted in slot
28. Advantage of rectangular orthodontic wires?
...0.25mg
3 year old patient lives in area with 0.4ppm fluoride. How much do you supplement? mg
...according to table 0.5 ppm systemic
4 yr old lives in community with .28 ppm: systemic fluoride supplement, prescription fluoride rinse
Give her systemic Fluoride, o.5 mg per day
4 yrs old patient, 0.25ppm fluoride intake, what do you? - Give her systemic Fluoride apply fluoride , change diet to more fluoride intake
necrotic pulp
5yr old, fell down 2 mns ago and hit E, tooth is discolored, why?
positive reinforcement Deema on Dec: Positive reinforment ,,, but if this pt is crying and not cooperative we can use voice control
6 year old mentally retarded child.Treatment is recall. Would you give sedation, antianxiolytic, voice control positive reinforcement.
glass ionomer
65 y/o pt shows several new caries in molars and pre molars class V what material would you use : a) amalgam b) composites c) glass ionomer
CaOH --> will form calcific barrier and close off apex
6mn ago you did RCT on central / open apex place CaOH and waited 6 mn... you open canal and can sill pass file through.. now what? (CaOH/ ZOE/ GP)
apexification *bc non-vital
6yr old has necrotic pulp on permanent 1st molar... tx? (apexification/ apexogenesis/ RCT)
...-supplement 1.0
7 year old child living in area with .2 ppm fluoridated water
1 mg (6 months-3 year = 0.25mg 3 -6 years = 0.5mg 7 - 16 y.o. = 1mg )
7 year old patient has no fluoride in drinking water. What do you give them systemically? 5 mg, 1 mg, .25 mg
PO w/ CaOH
7 yr old fractured right central incisor 3 hr ago, 2mm exposure of bleeding pulp... tx?
Fracture at apical 1/3, how long do you splint - 7-10 days, 2-3 weeks, 4-6 weeks
7-10 days --Mosby's doesn't specify
PO
7yr old has vital exposure of 1st perm max molar... tx?
parents
8 year old patient, 1st time ever, scared of dentist? Whats the most likely answer? Television Parents Tv
that you must have consent of this guardian before treating the 82 y/o pt
82 y/o pt comes w/ younger person who hands dentist paper saying the pt has a legal guardian. Now what?
Before 15 min what is success rate of avulsed tooth?
90 percent success rate, by 30 minsuccess rate decreases to 50%
Intrusive trauma pulp necrosis, what percent is rate of pulp necrosis?
96%
Nobody inside
: 8 year old boy, when will he behave better? Mom inside the dental office Dad inside the dental office Nobody inside
Generalization泛化错误
: A patient is going to the dentist and has never had local anesthetic. He recently got a vaccine and is now afraid of needles.The fear is due to what?
B
: Additional space for successive eruption of permanent Maxillary molars is provided by A. interstitial bone growth. B. Appositional growth at the maxillary tuberosity. C. continuous expansion of the dental arch due to sutural growth. D. an increase in palatal vault height due to alveolar growth.
patient choose to sign consent
: Definition of Autonomy -
Rapport = mutual sense of trust and openness between individuals that, if neglected, compromises communication.
: Definition of rapport? mutual openness / harmonious relationship*
Telling Pt to raise her/his hand when feels pain mosbyb by ghaz: provide the patient with a sense of control: use hand signal,
: Dental anxiety can be caused by Pt‟s helplessness. What would reduce it?
b. Overbilling
: Dentist charge for crown $500. insurance only covers $400.Dentist waves copayment($100) but still let insurance he charges $500 for crown. what this action called? a.Down coding b. Overbilling c.Price fixing d.Unbundling
Nonmalefacence
: Dentist keeps on current dental medicine to provide current standard of care. What part of the ethical code does this relate to?
cross sectional ( 100% true ) Noor:. No past, no future, thus no temporal order or establishment of causality; just a snapshot in time, a type of descriptive study.
: Doctor conducting a study on myasthenia gravis patients wants to know how many of these patients have periodontitis. This is a study case,
Eye contact
: Finding out wether a pt is listening:
Medicare. ( i checked on dec, it was true, Medicare.If q asked dental spends then ans is b)
: Government spends most of the money in Medicare. Medicaid, HMO
both true
: Hazardous communication regulation a. train worker right after you hire (True/F) b. train worker when new hazardous product in office (T/F)
Anti-rotational clasp
: How do you prevent rotation in ortho?
NOW ANSERE
: If you want to increase patient's VDO by ??
freedom
: Mentally disabled, approach by dentist? Strict, freedom
56% of all dental expenses are paid out of pocket by the patient(fee for service self pay)(dd) . 33 % third parties private insurance
: Most of the dental payments are by?-
Med history
: New patient comes into office, not of record, what do you do 1st visit?
direct resorbtion
: Ortho - Light movement causes what type of bone resorption ?
Use professional terminology.
: Patient is in your office for a treatment plan, all of the following should be done when you explain the proposed treatment to the patient, except?
Understing patients feeling and talking with patient
: What best characterizes rapport?
autonomy
: What principle has to do with patient self-governance and privacy?
Closed Panel.封闭面板。
: Which one is related to a dental insurance, that only allows you to go to a group of dentists at a specific location? -
E
: Your office is fee schedule and pt needs new crown but pt used up all of her allowance (or something like that) what do you do? Charge her a higher fee Cannot treat her Negotiate a lower fee Charge the same fee
borderline
: a patient have been visiting several dentist in the past, the first time she see you she tells you that she likes you and she will refer family and friends to your office, what type of attitude is she showing ?
empathy.
: what is the best to communicate with patient-
2.5- to 3.5
:How long after eruption root become complete?
ANS .empathy and respect ( checked on Dec and true)
A 4 yr old child management-
***POSITIVE PUNISHMENT mosby by ghaz: positive punishment: a negative consequence that decreases an undesirable behavior. e.g., giving a child an extra chore to do in response to his or her failure to brush his or her teeth may decrease the frequency of toothbrushing neglect. This also known as " aversive conditioning "
A behavior modification device (ie thumb sucking deterant) is an example of: positive or negative reinforcement and other conditioning terms POSITIVE PUNISHMENT拇指吸吮威慑
B. decreased value.
A dentist adjusts the shade of a restoration using a complementary color. This procedure will result in A. increased value. B. decreased value. C. intensified color. D. increased translucency.
POOR FRAMEWORK.
A fixed partial denture...keeps breaking.
Alternating appraisal ( checked on Dec and true) mosby by ghaz: Altering consequences: altering the immediate consequences, such as in the use of a reward system ( providing positive reinforcement ) following a behavior, may alter future performance of the behavior.
A kid is on recall appointment and is not cooperative. You should do voice control followed by?
direct
A light force applied to the periodontal ligament during orthodontic treatment is considered?
figure out etiology of decay FIRST
A patient comes in with rampant decay. What is the primary responsibility of the dentist?
False Negative
A study failed to report 5 cases of caries. What is this called?
D)Historical Cohort
A study is designed to determine the relationship between emotional stress and ulcers. To do this, the researchers used hospital records of pt's diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and pt. diagnosed with other disorders over the period of time from july 1988 to july 1998 . The amount of emotional stress each pt. is exposed to was determined from these records. This study is: A) Cohort B)Cross-sectional C)Case-study D)Historical Cohort E)Clinical Trial
clinical trial. ( assigned or give is the clue )
A study is done to determine the effectiveness of a new antihistamine .To do this ,25 allergic pt‟s are ASSIGNED to one of the two groups ,the new drug (13 pt‟s) , placebo (12 pt‟s) . The pt‟s are followed for 6 months . This study is called: Cohort, Cross-sectional, Case controlled, historical cohort, clinical trial.
Good clinican-patient relationship
A successful practice is built on- friendship COMMUNICATION?
Prolonged, unstimulated night pain suggests which of the following conditions of the pulp? A. Pulp necrosis B. Mild hyperemia C. Reversible pulpitis D. No specific condition
A. Pulp necrosis
...- 4 MIN
ADA recommends to apply in-office floride foam for how long?
class III
ANB -4:
Class III
ANB is -6 degrees? Whats the facial profile?
• Irreversible hydrocolloid ( true)
Acceptable impression material for a casting? • Irreversible hydrocolloid • Reversible hydrocolloid
... better esthetics, ( it is asda, improve esthetic is not correct, bevel helps esthetic)
Acid-etching does not cause. Reduced leakage, better esthetics, increased strength of composites.
Shrinkage
Adding more monomer increases a. Expansion b. Shrinkage c. Brittleness d. Harness
increase strength
Addition of long chains in PMM is for what reason: increase strength, allow doughy consistency before set, allow for addition of more powder without crazing, prevent shrinkage
H2 (as secondary reaction)
Addition silicon(PVS) releases?
--direct composit-only 1 appointment vs. veneer is at least 2
Advantage of a direct composite vs. a veneer?
direct composite- 1 appointment vs. veneer =atleast 2
Advantage of a direct composite vs. a veneer?
Build up with GI and place composite
After caries removal sound tissue is on cementum. How do you restore?
true
After placing a crown with composite resin, after six month around the porceline gingiva there is a discoloration ( brown color) what is the cause: ? Amin discoloration of resin
Shrinks due to syneresis
Alginate 100% humidity:
syneresis= extraction or expulsion of a liquid from a gel shrinkage
Alginate imp 100% humidity will shrink:
- syneresis
Alginate impresssion shrinks due to
270 ( golden) QUESTION: All ceramic FPD should cover how much of abutment? A--Over 180 B- 270 degrees c- 360
All ceramic FPD should cover how much of abutment? I put 270 degrees
irreversible hydrocolloid,
All of the following are good impression materials for crowns except:
A seems best option here
All of the following must be consider in order to make sure casting seats EXCEPT: A) Increase thermal expansion of investment B) Mix cement thin C) Remove internal nodule with occlude
I put to whiten the other teeth. (vital tooth bleaching) true
All porcelain crown on 8 that is too light but it is a good crown what would u do ?
report to FDA
Allergy to meds or dental instrument -
Standard deviation ** ( 100% true) Outliers control is: a.mean b. median c. mode d. standard deviation
An outlier has the biggest effect on which of the following?
T-test exactly in mosbey: t-test is used to analyze the statistical difference between two means.it provides the researcher with the statistical difference between tretment and control groups or groups receiving treatment A versus treatment B.
Analyze statistical difference between two means?
Chronic endo lesion, what type of bacteria? aerobic or anaerobic
Anerobes
A . Mohammed Noor A. Anterior teeth wear facets are influenced by incisal guidance and condylar guidance. Therefore A. PFM vs natural teeth can be true in case of posterior teeth.
Another case, lower natural anterior teeth, upper PFM anterior teeth. Lowers had incisal wear facts, what do you think this is due to? -Heavy incisal guidance , PFM vs natural teeth, natural teeth wear of
checked and true
Anterio pFM, incisal 3rd was radioopaque? Improper second plane of reduction**
ovate ( checked , true)
Anterior teeth, which pontic is best? ovate or modified ridge, read the case and see if ext or not, if you can do the ext prior, you can do ovate which is best aesthetic
prevent patient to patient cross-contamination抗回缩阀是为了什么？
Anti-retraction valves for what?
treating a NON-VITAL tooth w/ INCOMPLETE apex formation (open) *CaOH --> to achieve closure --> forms barrier --> obturate canals in 3-6 mn after *Goal --> to achieve apical closure
Apexification
treating a VITAL tooth w/ an OPEN apex *place CaoH --> with for root to completely develop --> then do RCT *Goal --> to continue w/ physiologic root dev.
Apexogenesis
21/2-31/2 after eruption
Apical root closes at ?.
root end surgery
Apicoectomy
...(decks says los glace) roughens it deema also said roughens in dd
Applying Fluoride (APF) on GI cement what happens? A. dissolves i t b. stains it (decks says loos glace) roughens it
can be safely applied to tissues Denaturation of the proteins - alcohol and autoclave Coagulation of proteins - dry heat蛋白质的变性 - 酒精和高压灭菌器 蛋白质凝固 - 干热
Asepsis - antiseptic...can be safely applied to tissues, but will kill most living organisms
Is an apical radiolucency present for a long time with no symptoms and no sinus tract associated with necrotic pulp or asymptomatic apical periodontitis?
Asymp apical periodontits
...4-6mo (checked and true on Dec ) Dentin p530: calcification schedule: central: 3-4 months lateral: 10-12 months
At what age does florousis of teeth anterior permanent teeth occur?- 4-6mo (others 0-4mo, 1year, 2years and 6 years)
Repetitive behavior
Autistic kids have what characteristic.
4- 1&3
Autistic kids have what characteristic? 1- Repetitive behavior 2- desire for physical contact. 3- sensitive to loud noise. 4- 1&3 5- AL
before 15 min - 90% @ 30 min- 50%
Avulsion success
Pt is 13 years old and has a non-vital maxillary central. The apex is still open what do you do. A. Apexogenesis B. Apexification C. Pulpectomy D. Nothing
B. Apexification
Which of the following conditions indicates that a periodontal, rather than an endodontic problem, exists? A. Acute pain to percussion with no swelling B. Pain to lateral percussion with a wide sulcular pocket C. A deep narrow sulcular pocket to the apex with exudate D. Pain to palpation of the buccal mucosa near the tooth ape
B. Pain to lateral percussion with a wide sulcular pocket
A maxillary central incisor of an adult patient is traumatized in an accident. The tooth is slightly tender to percussion, is in good alignment, and responds normally to pulp vitality tests. Radiographic examination shows a horizontal fracture of the apical third of the root. The best treatment is which of the following? A. Root canal treatment B. Splint and re-evaluate the tooth for pulpal vitality at a later time C. Apexification D. Apicoectomy to remove the fractured apical section of the root followed by root canal treatment
B. Splint and re-evaluate the tooth for pulpal vitality at a later time
What is the shape of the access of mandibular 1st molar? A. Square B. Trapezoid
B. Trapezoid
A 7-year-old patient fractured the right central incisor three hours ago. A clinical examination reveals a 2-mm exposure of a "bleeding pulp." The treatment-of-choice is: A. pulpectomy and apexification. B. pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide. C. direct pulp cap with calcium hydroxide. D. one-appointment root canal treatment.
B. pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide.
ratio ( only celcius is INterval)
BP, pulse, Kelvin -
...More alveolar bone
BW placed vertically why?
Reason for failed endo? Seal 2mm away from apex Bacterial infection RCT sealer beyond apex
Bacterial infection
providing positive reinforcement for approximation of behavior you are desiring Dentin p575: behavior shaping ( successive approximation逐次逼近): an operant conditioning technique used in behavior therapy in which new behavior is produced by providing reinforcement for progressively closer approximations of the final desired behavior.... continue
Behavior shaping:
bacillus spores
Benchmark for sterilization: =
answer by sachin:a well-formed mandibular ridge and accuracy of jaw relations are positive indicators for success.
Best indicator for success of denture is
Porcelain ( true)
Best material to oppose a porcelain crown?
...Sodium fluoride
Best thing for child to rinse with?
when canines erupt.
Best time to fix lingual inclined incisors?
Med history of the patient
Best way to determine outcome of disease? Med history of the patient ESR lab results.the second important
golden:die spacer
Best way to see if a crown seats:
Increase surface area
Beveling in acid etching composite
variability in pain tolerance rather than pain threshold.
Biggest difference across cultures regarding pain?...
hard to remove from teeth
Biggest disadvantage of polyether?
Bundling捆绑
Bill out for a core build up and crown and insurance says build up is only covered, what is this?
osteomyelitisam ( tavajo kon ke be multiple myeloma ham Bisphosphate dade mishe)
Bisphosphonates used for all except: multiple myeloma, osteomyelitis, metastasis to bones from breast cancer, metastasis to bones from prostate cancer
Wetting of lips with tongue
Border molding of lingual mandibular portion done by what movement?
afraid of unknown.
Boy 4 yrs old:
C Value ( you can decrease but not increase it )
Brightness is equal to Value. which of the following is applicable about value A) can be decreased. B) Can not be Increase. C) All are true. D) Non of the above are correct.
many procedure to a crown they only pay u for one.
Bundleing :
The systematic combining of distinct dental procedure codes by third-party payers that results in a reduced benefit for the patient/beneficiary.
Bundling of procedures:
shrinkage (checked on Nov and true )
By having excess amount of monomer in acrylic can create excessive amounts of what: shrinkage, expansion, thermal conduction are 3 of the 4 options
Decrease Exposure time
By reducing film speed from D to E and still keeping film density the same what would you need to change? D to E will reduce radiation by 30-40% D to F will reduce radiation by 60% F to digital reduce radiation by 40%
Deema: sequare to rectancular 70% -80% less Yes when we exchange circular to rectangular we get less exposure by 60% ,,, sequare to rectangular we get reduction in exposure 70-80%
By what % do you decrease radiation when you use a square collimator vs. rectangular?vip 60 80 70
More walls, higher C Factor
C factor in class 1 composites, which one is correct? -
PAR seen on asymptomatic tooth, when opened the canal is calcified what do you do: A. do nothing B. Refer to endodontist C. Place EDTA
C. Place EDTA --because it dissolves INORGANIC tissue
Incomplete removal of bacteria, pulp debris, and dentinal shavings is commonly caused by failure to irrigate thoroughly. Another reason is failure to A. use broaches. B. use a chelating agent. C. obtain a straight line access. D. use Gates-Glidden burs.
C. obtain a straight line access.
intracanal medicament
Ca(OH)2
bc it causes irritation ---> leads to resorption in primary teeth
CaOH is contraindicated in child PO, why?
False --> use MTA
CaOH tx for avulsed tooth? (T/F)
primary tooth got necrosis, and the inflammation went down through furcation and affects permanent tooth What is it gonna cause to permanent tooth?
Can disturb ameloblastic layer of permenant successor or spread infection
odds ratio ( true, approve by noor that odds ratio related to case control ) An odds ratio (OR) is a measure of association between an exposure and an outcome. The OR represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure.
Case control study =
lead dioxide ( Dentin p293)
Catalyst of polysulphide POLYSULFIDE impression material-
shrinkage
Cause for post-operative sensitivity of composites -
Loss of vascular supply
Cause of ORN:
RO mass that replaces root; tooth is removed with lesion. also page 74 dentin: treatment is ext
Cemetoblastoma:牙骨质
...Chi-square: measures the association between two categorical variable.
Chi test, two common variables
the chi-square test measures the association between two categorical variables. it is used for comparisoon of groups when the data is expressed as counts or proportions.
Chi_square ( x2) test ( mosbey 392)
social reinforcement
Child patient - you smile, tell him good job, and pat him on the shoulder. negative reinforcement, social reinforcement, t oken reinforcement.
4-6 weeks,
Class 2 done without rubber dam, how long until you see microleakage - 2-4 weeks, 4-6 weeks, same time as with rubber dam on
c ( true)
Class 3 composite w/ radiolucency under it. This could be due to All of the condition except one. Which of the following is the exception? A) Liner. B) recurrent caries. C) contraction from shrinkage of curing. D) None of the above.
GI people say also sandwich technique
Class II prep into cementum, how should you restore? GI, Hybrid , non-restorable
i think B is true , however i post it again
Class V onto root: Bevel enamel, 90 butt margin on cementum
...checked and true
Cleft lip/palate w/ Class III occlusion = Native America n Cleft lip alone = Asian Cleft lip in USA = 1:700 to 1:800 class 2 malocclusion whites of northern European descent class 3 malocclusion Asian
studying for the next 10 years
Cohort:
T
Collimating device on the x ray prevents fogging.
D-reduce average energy of xrays (energy is unchanged)
Collimation does everything except: A-reduce pt exposure B-reduce operator exposure C-film fog. D-reduce average energy of xrays (energy is unchanged)
rounded internal
Common feature between porcelain veneer and all-ceramic crown preparation -
true
Community fluoride: 0.2% / week in udnerprivelaged areas
More valid Newburg water supply was fluoridatedand compared to Kingston NONfluoridated water .
Community trials refer
: technique and case selection
Composite for back molar
gap causing movement of fluid out of pulp ( golden answer ) however, deem and study board answer 2
Composite recently placed. all could be a reason for sensitivity. EXCEPT: 1 etchant causes sensitivity 2 gap causing microleakage of bacteria 3 gap causing movement of fluid out of pulp 4 polymerization shrinkage that causes cuspal deformation
ethyl alcohol as by product
Condensation silicone -
Alcohol
Condensation silicone releases?
Non-working,
Contact on lingual portion of buccal cusp of mandibular molar = what kind of interference? Non-working, working, protrusive
More powder incorporated ( for increase working time)
Cool glass slab why? More powder incorporated, less powder incorporated, decrease working time
〽️The relationship between variables ( x and Y ) 〽️ from -1 to +1
Correlation/ correlation corfficient ( r)
Mand Molars (2nd, then 1st in MD direction)
Cracked Tooth Syndrome most commonly affects?
True
Cross-linking in polymers leads to what? - Better Strength.
bisgmma
Crosslinker in pmma: bisgmma, benzoyl peroxide
bis-gma ( dentin p331: benzoyl peroxide is an initiator in chemically activated composites )
Crosslinking factor of P-MMA? bis-gma, benzoyl peroxide
influence of confounding covariates is reduced because each crossover patient serves as his or her own control and are statistically efficient and so require fewer subjects than do non-crossover designs (even other repeated measures designs). Note: The null hypothesis (H0) is a hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove, reject or nullify. The 'null' often refers to the common view of something, while the alternative hypothesis is what the researcher really thinks is the cause of a phenomenon.
Crossover study advantages? Consider two subjects are used for testing effect of alcohol on human body. First subject is a habitual drinker while second person never drank in his life. If we make first person as experimental (given alcohol) and second person as control (given soda only), then result may show alcohol has negligible effect on body. If alternatively, second person is made experimental (given alcohol), and first as control then it might be reported that alcohol has significant effect on small dosage. This problem is solved by cross-over study design. I will explain it below. Same subject/ person is given both treatments (for example, alcohol and soda) at different times and effects of each on same person is noted. This is cross-over study design. Subject A + medicine --- subject A + placebo. Benefits of cross-over design --- 2 benefits --- first, it reduces bias due to confounding. For example, since same person gets both treatments (experimental and control treatment), other effects related to individual persons is neutralized. Second benefit is that it increases statistical efficiency. It means we need fewer subjects to complete study!
Pulp is vital, pt's a 8 year old. Apex is open. What do you do. A. Apexification B. Apicoectomy C. Pulpectomy D. calcium hydroxide pulpotomy.
D. calcium hydroxide pulpotomy.
The treatment-of-choice for an external inflammatory root resorption on a non-vital tooth is which of the following? A.Extraction B. Surgical curettage of the affected tissue C. Pulpectomy and obturation with gutta-percha and sealer D.Removal of the necrotic pulp and placement of calcium hydroxide E.Observation since it is a self-limiting process
D.Removal of the necrotic pulp and placement of calcium hydroxide
decayed MISSING filled Surfaces/ *permanent
DMFS
*Surfaces --> including 3rd molars/ 0-160 *dental epidemiologic indice
DMFS (surfaces)
decayed MISSING filled Teeth/ *permanent
DMFT
*Teeth--> NOT including 3rd molars/ 0-28
DMFT (teeth)
black males
DMFT race (*D-untreated decay)
whites
DMFT race (*F)
Periapical abscess, what do you do?
DO NOT DO RCT FIRST, YOU ARE SUPPOSE TO INCSION AND DRAINAGE AND PRESCRIBE ANTIOBIOTCS AND WAIT TO DO RCT AT A LATER DATE lol...wrong..ignore this question
is a self-funded group dental plan in which the employee is reimbursed based on a percentage of dollars spent for dental care provided. allows employees to seek treatment from the dentist of their choice. from net: Direct reimbursement plans are self-funded plans and not insurance. In this type of plan your employer pays for dental visits with its own money rather than paying premiums保险费 to an insurance company. What you pay: After treatment, you pay the dentist in full and give the receipt to your employer.
DR( direct reimbursement):
Class I (occlusal caries)
DaignoDent (caries detector)
removal of reinforces to decrease a behavior ( true) mosby p 412 of mine: operant extinction id the removal of reinforces to decrease a behavior. for example: if a young patinet learns that if she cries at the dentist's office, her mother will give her much-needed attention and terminate the dental treatment. Asking the mother to refrain from providing this attention.......over time, decreases the crying behavior.
Def of Operant extinction?
removal of reinforces to decrease a behavior Operant extinction: child cries don't give attention.( dentin p574)
Def of Operant extinction?操作灭绝
aversive inner state that people seek to avoid or escape厌恶的内心状态
Define anxiety according to Freud and K-
Patient wanted to give you paperwork, and you acknowledge their concerns
Definition of Empathy -
Innanimate objects( non living)无生命的物体（无生命）
Definition of disinfectants -
Knowing your limitations and referring patients out to specialists
Definition of non-malifacence -
***the most difficult material to remove from the mouth ( the most rigid/stiff material ) ***tear easily( poor tear strenght) ***may adhere to teeth ****the main disadvantages: much stiffer ***have THE SHORTEST Working & SETTING times.
Dentin p 294: POLYETHER
formed by incisal edges of the maxillary incisors and lower lip
Dentin p274: F & V labiodental sounds
phenomenon that causes teeth/porcelain to appear color matched under one light source, bu appear very different under another light source.
Dentin p279: Metamerism:
1.5-2mm or so of sound root structure apical to the core that margins of the crown should engage to PROTECT AGAINST ROOT FRACTURE
Dentin p289:FERRULE EFFECT
***least desirable maxillary major connector ***used only to go around INOPREABLE PALATAL TORI or with MAJOR GAGGERS
Dentin page 235:HORSESHOE ( U_SHAPE PALATAL CNNECTOR)
***captures edentulous ridge tissues in relation to the way the framework fits IN THE MOUTH ***Helps avoid overextension that is .... ** a stock tray will perform adequately where teeth remain
Dentin page 248: continue altered cast impression:
***purpose: to obtain the maximum SUPPORT possibe from the edentulous ridges in Class l & ll designs.
Dentin page 248:ALTERED CAST IMPRESSION
the purposeis to record the form of the edentulous segment without tissue displacement and to accurately relate the 'edentulous segment of the teeth without the metal frame work. ***helps obtain soft tissue support *** it is secondary impression system
Dentin page 249: ALTERED Cast Technique:
palatoglossus superior pharyngeal constrictor mylohyoid genioglossus muscle
Dentin page 251: which muscles are influential in border molding the LINGUAL border of the mandibular impression?
BUCCAL SHELF secondary relief area: Alveolar ridge
Dentin page 252: mandibular PRIMARY retention area:
RESIDUAL RIDGE secondary support area: palatal rugae
Dentin page 254: maxillary PRIMARY support area:
extends through the HAMULAR NOTCHES in the maxilla, and passes 2 mm in front of the FOVEA PALATINA.
Dentin page 254: posterior palatal seal :
***is formed by the "ah" line (vibarting line) ***is 2mm anterior to the fovae palatini. ***important: Vibrating line is an area that dictates the distal palatal termination of the maxillary complete denture record base.
Dentin page 254: posterior palatal seal of maxillary denture:
compensates for acrylic shrinkage and is in IMMOVABLE TISSUE.
Dentin page 254:posterior palatal seal
1: impings on the soft tissue or the tori is undercut. 2: so large it fills the vault and prevents formation of an adequte denture base 3: extends too far posteriorly thus interfere with the posterior palatal seal 4: large palatal tori can cause problems with posterior palatal seal.
Dentin page 255: indiacations for Removing palATAL TORI:
EXCESSIVE INTEROCCLUSAL DISTANCE ( increased freeway space) to correct: make new dentures and increase VDO
Dentin page 264L: Decreased vertical dimension VDO:
1: record the correct horizontal relation of the mandible to the maxilla. 2: stabilize the lower record base with equalized vertical pressure 3: Retain the record in an undistorted condition
Dentin page 265: primary requirements for making a CENTRIC RELATION record when fabricating a RPD?
produced by maxillary and mandibular incisors approximating each other dentin: words with the sibliant sound ( hissing sounds ) are pronounced correctly with the incisal edges of maxillary and mandibular almost touching. These sounds are usually produced between rest and the occluding position.
Dentin page 274: SIBLANTS ( CH, J, S )
provides space for adequate bulk of metal and prevents perforation of the metal due to heavy occlusal contact.
Dentin page 276: A wide FUNCTIONAL CUSP BEVEL :
functional cusp: 1.5-2mm non-functional: 1-1.5 mm 1.5 mm flat or chmafer with bevel buccal margin.
Dentin page 276: PFM crown clearance:
uses a ridge lap for minimal ridge contact gives the illusion of being a tooth
Dentin page 280 :Modified ridge lap pontic
MATERIAL SAFTELY DATA SHEET FOR EACH HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL. *** documents that contain information concerning a hazardous chemical.
Dentin page 592:MSDS
***the combined abutment teeth root surface area must be equal or greater than the edentulous space. ***Any FDP replacing more than two teeth is high risk.
Dentin page : 286: ANTE'S LAW:
Bellumia.
Dentist can diagnose which of the following?
Over Billing
Dentist did not accept a copay and did not report it to the 3rd party (why would any dentist do this?
downcoding.
Dentist do the treatment for 2 crowns but the insurance company pay the money for one crown what is it:
specificity
Dentist finds a group of individuals are free of (do not have the) dental disease:
parallelism
Dentist has most control in success of PFM:
cross sectional
Dentist is doing research on 5 unrelated patient with different background. He record data ......etc. Dentist is doing what kind of research? a. clinical trial b. cohort c. cross sectional
Scatter tube
Dentist is more exposed to what type of radiation besides machine? Scatter tube Scatter patient Scatter wall
non-malfecence
Dentist keeping up with new data -
Nonmalefacence
Dentist keeps on current dental medicine to provide current standard of care. What part of the ethical code does this relate to?
autonomy
Dentist lets the patient sign informed consent-
Vulnerability
Dentist potential for abuse not likely due to Vulnerability Pressure of being perfect Knowledge and access to drugs Stress
non malfiecence
Dentist refers a difficult case to a speacialist-
Fear. Dentin p 575: a technique used to eliminate maladaptive ANXIETY ASSOCIATED WITH PHOBIAS. the procedure involves the construction by the person of a hierachy of anxiety producing stimuli and the general presentation of these stimuli until they no longer elicit the initial response of fear.
Desensitization works if the base of the behavior problem is
...increases effect with dosage-direct effect
Deterministic radiology effects:
all are correct ( checked by noor on oct )
Difference between fear and axiety- which ones are correct? fear is on something anxiety is everythin (harder to treat) Fear decreases pain and anxiety increases pain, fear is painful, anxiety is a disease, Fear is local, anxiety is generalized 1.2,3 all
60
Digital xray vs D speed film, numbers: 10, 30, 60 ,
visible light Alpha diketone intiater ( camphorquinine ) is the light source , it will react with amine to produce free radicals,, i think amine is the answer Dentin p331: light activated composites: visible lights, photoinotoator molcule is camphor quinone and amine activator
Diketones activate by ? visible light , blue light to produce slow reactions. Amines are added to accelerate curing time. Cross link reaction.
polyvinylxsiloxane
Dimensionally stable impression- additional silicone (polyvinylxsiloxane?...Xtina)
put a hard liner/base above CaOH
Direct Pulp cap w/ CaOH; wuts most important thing to do? Put 2mm of it, put 3mm of it put a hard liner/base above CaOH
marginal seal
Direct composite vs inlay- what is better about the direct composite-
💢The researcher attempts to make sense of the findings. 〽️the first step in the discussion is to review the hypothesis and theory in the light of the findings .
Discussion
kills mycobacterium (benchmark organism)
Disinfectants-
Destroy majority of microorganisms but not bacterial spores.
Disinfection?
a. Mandible moves towards the site of dislocation. ( checked on study board group and 100% true)
Dislocation of the condyle? a. Mandible moves towards the site of dislocation. b. Mandible moves away from the site of dislocation.
endo lesion with sinus tract. What do you do?
Do RCT and leave the sinus tract alone, will heal
unbundling
Doctor billed insurance for couple of procedures, when actually there is a global procedure that combines them all, what did he commit? -
it inhibits osteoclast via apoptosis
Does bisphosphonate add calcium to bone (know this so you can answer one question) No,
Reversible Hydrocolloid Generally elastomers but here according to options alginate as less technique sensitive
Don't use for casting impression?
Retention of core (Dowel=post Im guessing)
Dowel after endo for:
vertical stop FURREL
Dowel core =
120 ce, 20 min, 15 Psi
Dry heat, chemical sterilization , know about them. What is the autoclav temprature?
c 使用积极的强化。 B.使用负强化。 C.熄灭了行为。 D.忽视了这个问题。
During the child's first visit, the dentist requested that the parents wait in the reception room. The child cried moderately, but tearfully, throughout the dental examination and prophylaxis. The dentist "gave her permission" to cry while he/she worked and then took no notice of her crying. Her crying diminished in intensity over time and then stopped. With respect ONLY to the crying behavior, the dentist has) A. used positive reinforcement. B. used negative reinforcement. C. extinguished the behavior. D. ignored the problem.
explorer catch
Dx of pit and fissure caries
Class I, II, III (incipient, frank and recurrent caries, demineralization)
Dyfoti (caries detector)
Max anterior and primary molars
ECC early childhood caries. Question asked which teeth specfically affected. 1) Max and mand incisors 2) max central and 1st molar 3) man central and 1st molar
...Primary max incisors (B&L), then primary molars, mandibular unaffected bc tongue blocks
ECC which location? a. Max incisors and molars b. Max incisor and molars c. Max canine d. Man canine and molars
Chelator/ dissolves Inorganic material, removes SMEAR
EDTA
which is a chelator for endo?
EDTA is chelator, removes SMEAR LAYER and inorganic material
How do you differentiate between an endo/perio lesion?
EPT
- Endo = no response - Perio = some response
EPT can differentiate... Endo/ Perio Lesion
pulpal necrosis
EPT diagnoses
- health or vascularity of pulp
EPT does NOT indicate...
responsiveness/ nerve
EPT indicates...
what treatment? If it's a primary 1st with furcation involvement
EXT
chemosis球结膜水肿 Edema in the eye is called Chemosis. Just a special name
Edema in eye due to?
b ( checked on NOV )
Edentulous space is wider than adjacent anterior tooth, how to match them? a- Make pontic line angles farther apart and deeper interproximal embrasures, b- make pontic line angles closer and deeper interproximal embrasures, c- make pontic line angles farther and shallower interproximal embrasure d-, make pontic line angles closer and shallow interproximal embrasure
Intrusion motion
Edgewise bracket use for:
...Deema showed the reference from mosby that was exactly 20-40%but some beileive its, 50
Effectiveness of Water fluoridation in the U.S. is 20%-40% (40%)
Clinical trial ( mosby)
Efficacy功效, what study would u go? Cohort, longitudinal , multiple short ones, CASE CONTROL
c
Elder abuse using ATM card of elder is not applicable but some suitation is not under consideration--- A)both true, B)both false. C)1st true 2nd flase D)1st false and 2nd true
What is the least and most reliable endo test on primary teeth?
Electric pulp test (LEAST RELIABLE) Percussion (MOST RELIABLE)
if if the kid is under 18, know exceptions of how they become emancipated minor, page 230 - If he graduated from high schoo, has been married, has been pregnant, or responsible for his or her own welfare and is living independently of parental control and support.the kid is under 18, know exceptions of how they become emancipated minor, page 230 - If he graduated from high schoo, has been married, has been pregnant, or responsible for his or her own welfare and is living independently of parental control and support.
Emancipated minor:独立自主能力的人
同情，冷漠; 同情 - 走进自己的鞋子，分享他们感受到的情绪状态; 同情 - 关心某人，不必与他们分享同样的情绪状态
Empathy-indifferent; Empathy-to walk in their shoes, share the emotional state they are feeling; Sympathy-to be concerned about someone, do not have to share the same emotional state as them.
pulpal necrosis leading leading to a perio problem, pus drains from PDL
Endo- Perio
cleans the tooth creates micropores for micromechanical retention.
Etch
provide chemical bond
Etchant does all except-
D ( checked and true on NOV )
Etchant does all except? Increase surface area, remove debris, Increase wettability of enamel, decrease irregularities at cavosurface margin.
Isolates one factor ( such as new drug ) and examine its contribution to patient's health .
Example for clinical trial ?
social reinforcement
Eye contact, smiling, and telling pt doing good job:
hydrogen peroxide.过氧化氢
F- Best to use on infected oral wound?
interproximal porcelain overcontoured(checked and true)
FPD is seated during framework try in but when come back for final cementation holds up:
checked and true
Failure decay, microleakage Sensitivity occlusion, debonding
...mosby: stress: Anxiety is a subjective experience involving cognition, emotion, behavior , and physiological arousal.
Fear: results from anticipation of a threat arising from an external origin. Anxiety: results from anticipation of a threat arising from an unknown or unrecognized origin. Anxious patients: most difficult patients as they often cause the dentist to become anxious as well.
check occlusion
Few days after placement of composite restoration complains of pain especially with biting but relieved by cold:
Larger fillers have more strength, but do not polish as well dentin p332: larger size filler particles reduce surface smoothness and resistance to wear, however they result in rough finished surface. smaller filler, better finishing and greater resistance.
Filler composites: Larger fillers have more strength, but do not polish as well
refer to page 123
Film Speed Group Speed Range (reciprocal roentgens) C 6-12 D (Kodak Ultraspeed) 12-24 E (Kodak Ektaspeed Plus) 24-48 F (Kodak Insight) 48-96 1. (is Digital speed equal or similar to F film?)
make sure patient doesn't need translator,
First step before/in treatment planning: make sure patient doesn't need translator, consult with physician about pre-existing medical conditions
treat the initial pain and discomfort of the pt.
First step in tx planning is? treat the initial pain and discomfort of the pt. others, see how you can make a preventitive plan, treat all restorations.
...**NONRIGID CONNECTOR: Key and keyway—for pontics and shortspan bridges where you can't get proper draw without a lot of tooth reduction. POI is parallel to pathway of retainer.
Fixed -do preparation and design.Ex type of margin for ceramic (shoulder). What should be placed against porcelain bridge. What is a "key"
involves entire jaw
Florid Osseous dysplasia:花状骨性发育不良：
true, more than 0.6 ppm no supplement need
Floridation supplement for a 5 year old drinking .75ppm h2o?- 0mg
...anyone but most beneficial to children ( corrected on Nov )
Floride supplementation is effective in: everybondy, only kids, anyone but most beneficial to children
T ( checked and true) in dentin it is mostly on enamel
Flouride accumulated most- away from DEJ (surface of tooth)
... 1.23 %
Flouride in acidualted flouride.
.05 daily, .2 weekly
Flouride is given to children in schools usually by what method: .05 daily, .2 daily, .05 weekly, .2 weekly
...5-10 mg/kg
Fluoride - toxic dose
...Dentin p534: Beneficial effects of fluoride: 1: interferes or inhibits plaque formation on enamel surface 2: has antibacterial qualities depending on the concentration 3: enhanced enamel reminralization 4: decrease enamel solubility 5:inhibits glycolysis
Fluoride does all the following, except? - Direct action on plaque
... lower pH of the oral cavity
Fluoride helps prevent caries in all ways except?
...I put lower pH of the oral cavity, since it does not do that! Fluorapetite has a lower critical pH of 4.5
Fluoride helps prevent caries in all ways except?
...Dentin p537: Fluoride does NOT reduce caries by making enamel harder, but reduces its rate of solubility.
Fluoride spot makes enamel more resistant to future caries
no more ( true)
Fluoride table, 5yrs old with .75ppm intake don't give more (answer said 0ppm)
...Dentin p538: increasing fluoride content in the external tooth layers increases enamel's resistance to demineralization.
Fluorosis does what - inhibits remineralization (irreversible)
...False-inhibits demineralization and promotes remineralization
Fluorosis does what - inhibits remineralization, however fluoride induced enamel hypoplasia or hypocalcification which is characteristic of fluorosis is caries resistant
c. prevalence ( checked and true ) if it said new cases, it would be
For a population, the research divides the number of disease cases by the number of people. By so doing, this investigator will have calculated which of the following rates? a. incidence b. odds ratio c. prevalence d. specificity
Not answered yet
For a stress breaker on a FPD to be effective it must be- don't know and don't remember but something mesial of the distal abut and so on and so forth. isnt that the one with the key and u place on mesial of pontic.?????
Halfway down root people said center of the root this is actually the same
Force put on crown, where is center of translation or rotation? Halfway down root, CEJ, past apex
true
Freud anxiety concept Kid overcomes it
A: Retain the core
Function of a post?
—strength (reduces polymerized shrinkage and increases hardness
Function of filler in resin
structural durability. (true)
Functional cusp bevel:
...• Pneumbra
Fuzziness on outside of radiograph due to: • Umbra • Pneumbra 本影 •半影
skeletal age ...
G- Initiation of first menstruation cycle is best indicative of what?
Ordinal
GI mild, moderate severe -
...Dentin p306: GC has lower compressive strenght, tensile strength, and hardness than resin composites.
GI non benefit- good tensile (not compression)
*both chisels GMT- curved blade, angels cutting edge EH- cutting edge in plane of handle *Main difference and advantage of using GMT > EH = angle of blade
GMT vs. enamel hatchet
radiopacity/ biocompatibility/ antibacterial- microbial/ easy manipulation
GP properties
...i found in on group, very important: Use of refractory filler in gypsum bonded investments?? increase strength provide thermal expansion increase setting expansion answer: B
Gypsum bonded investments. Type I, II, III gold. Gold shrinks, so mold must expand to compensate. Older invst—decrease expansion; Increased time between mixing in water bath immersion---dec exp; Increase water:powder ration—dec exp; Increase spatulation time—increase expansion
OSHA ( true) it controls all
HAZARD COMMUNICATION LAW: a)OSHA b) what does it control: sharps blood amalgam
contact dermatitis
HEMA can give dentist what health problems HEMA causes
contact dermatitis,
HEMA used by dentist, what phenomenom happens - anaphylaxis, contact dermatitis, immune mediated reaction, arthus phenomema?
capitation dental plan人头牙科计划 mosby: D-HMO is also called ,capitation dental plan, which derives from the payment mechanism, Dentist are paid non aper capita basis at a fixed ( usually monthly ) rate for each individual or family. the dentist is paid irrespective of number or types of services provided or the number of beneficiaries seen. The dentists individually at risk in D_HMOs....
HMO =
- dentists are paid a fixed rate for each individual per month. Dentist is paid regardless patient was seen or not. If value of services exceeds payments, dentists loss. If payment exceeds value of services, dentists gain.
HMO's
sinus tract
Hallmark of chronic periradicular abscess
Created by OSHA to make sure employees know about hazardous/toxic materials ( inkee by OSHA hast was in rq)
Hazard Communication Standard:
A
Health care plan adverse beneficiary risk is toward:保健计划不利的受益者风险是： -high risk-individuals that present a high risk for insur -low risk -equal
d ( correct, narsam showed us reference)
Heat cured indirect composite (increase strength )vs direct composite. Which is incorrect? a. Heat composite is harder b. Heat composite is more resistant to abrasion c. Heat = Less irritation to tooth due to less shrinkage d. Heat indirect has better bonding to the dentin and enamel **
too close ( TRUE)
Highest chance of leakage under rubber dam? Holes too wide, Holes too far apart, Too close
...variance
Histogram Histogram is used to show?
variance
Histogram is used to show (standard deviation):
- More common in anteriors - TX: immediate REDUCTION of fx segments and IMMOBILIZATION of coronal segments ... 12 wks
Horizontal Root Fx
regression analysis
How do you compare between 2 constant variables?
regression analysis 2 continous variables it will be. There is nothing called constant variable. It can either be a constant or a variable :) Answer should be regression analysis. Now whats regression analysis? It is about 2 or more variables, like age and blood pressure. Now both can be stated in terms of continous variables like 23, 24, 140, etc. With regression analysis, we find out how rise in one is related with rise in other. In regression analysis, one is always independent variable while other is dependent variable. Chi-square is about comparing means of 2 sets of categorical data. Cohort is a type of analytical study where we can find temporal order and relative risk Chi-square is about comparing means of 2 sets of categorical data. Cohort is a type of analytical study where we can find temporal order and relative risk In chi square we find if two sets of data are related or dependent or they r both independent.
How do you compare between 2 constant variables?
1- Randomizing groups, 2-Utilizing strict controls. 3-Sound operationalization practice. All are contributing in eliminating potential third variables (confunding variable= mediator).
How do you control and minimize confounding variable?
C) take the facial line angle labially and increase the interproximal embrasure
How do you decrease the width of artificial teeth? A) Deepen the facial line angle proximally and increase the interproximal embrasure, B) Deepen the facial line angle proximally and decrease interproximal embrasure, C) take the facial line angle labially and increase the interproximal embrasure, D) take the facial line angle labially and decrease the interproximal
...Look at the two worst teeth
How do you determine the severity of fluorosis? • Higher the fluoride level, greater degree of enamel change
•Higher the fluoride level, greater degree of enamel change
How do you determine the severity of fluorosis? Look at the two worst teeth?
Place GI liner over calcium hydroxide, ( true)
How do you improve the success of calcium hydroxide on a direct pulp cap?
kvp
How do you increase the average energy of the beam - kvp versus ma
... STAIN, Complement color or orange ghaz: violet can be true too.
How do you lower value in a restoration?
move line angles more facially
How do you make a crown narrower?
you must have NOT LESS than 1.5mm porcelain @ occlusal
How do you make sure your all ceramic restoration does not fracture?
Controlled variables are used to reduce the possibility of any other factor influencing changes in the dependent variable, known as confounding variables.
How do you reduce confounding variable?
...(well causes presence of non vital bone and loss of circulation to the area...would have to see answer choices...Xtina)
How does Osteoradionecrosis negatively effect dental healing?
Ferrule
How does a dowel post and core help prevent vertical fracture? Ferrule, Ventilating groove, bevel, vertical stop
Decrease in contrast Larger Penumbra—DECREASE contrast Larger penumbra = more unsharpness
How does penumbra affect the contrast of an x-ray?
...noor: If you are orthodontist, and you are called for giving expert opinion on difference between dental age and chronological age in case of child labor, then you are expert specialist. If someone who reported child labor is called, he is fact witness. Amir kamali: Factwitness is person with First Hand knowledge..and does not allowed to give opinion about treatment ...can not charge any fee also fact witness is not specialist.
How is FACT witness is different from expert specialist?如何是事实证人是从专家的专业有什么不同？
1 week
How long after vialt tooth bleaching can you bond resin to it? 24 hours, 3 days, 1 week
1 week at least ( group: for composite one week nd veener - 2weeks ryt)
How long should you wait after bleaching to do a composite on an anterior tooth?
4 minutes
How many minutes do you place Neutral sodium fluoride tray on teeth?
1.5mm on facial incisal plane not incisal angle Asda: 2mm
How much reduction would you do for a PFM crown on anterior?
.5 mm check true
How much tooth structure needs to removed on the facial for a porcelain veneer?
Hue mostly believe first pick Hue as it is basic color. dentin p279 says first 279
How pick shade - place values in order, Squint for chroma
Passive clasp fit ( checked and true)
How should distal extension RPD fit in comparison to other RPDs?
...increase spatulation time, increase water temperature decreases water:powder ratio ( according to magic file )
How to decrease setting time 1:increase spatulation time, 2: increase water temperature, 3: use of slurry water, 4: decreases water:powder ratio
increase water/powder ratio, ( checked and true) also table in magic
How to increase setting time? Hot water, increase water/powder ratio, decrease water/powder ratio
shade under multiple light sources
How to prevent metamerism -
tell-show-do
How to reduce Stress-dental anxiety?
Hue Dentin p279: Hue : the basic color
Hue, Value, Chroma (which one is color?)
ANS primer within intertubular dentin
Hybrid layer.
...-if increase distance by 2- intensity is decreased by 4
I aka intensity inversely proportional to 1/D2:
cross sectional
I had one about a teacher and doing a survey on kids =
You have a tooth, no pulp, but periapical radiolucency, you do access and find no canal, what do you do?
I said don't try to be a hero, refer to an endodontist
After peak of growth-月经初潮开始，在井喷式增长点是什么？
I- menarche begins at what point in growth spurt?
answer-Posterior dissocculusion ( i checked on Dec, some said that to gain balanced occlusion) explanation from old post on Dec: I think that makes sense. Here is what I understood. For FPD non working intereference is very bad. It causes premature occlusion. So the first step that you do is to make it sure that the teeth dont contact in the non working interference. This is achieved by posterior disocclusion.
IF you are making a crown but before you begin, when you do equilibration, what are you trying to achieve to get rid of the non-working interference?
...T in magic file table, if u incresae spatula/mixing, you increase exoansion, so it's vice veras
IF you have decrease spatula/mixing, you decrease expansion
... MMA
IRM is ZOE mixed with what? Titanium, MMA
important
Identify the following on xray :External oblique ridge, genial tubricle, Stylo hyoid ligament on xray
method (true)
If a dentist is reading an article, where should he look for the definition of dependent and independent variables? method - introduction- discussion- results summary
OVERBILLING.
If a dentist waives the copayment and doesn't tell the third party, what is this called?
high specificity.
If a dentist was able to correctly ID disease free patients w/ the diagnostic study, it has?
bulimia贪食症
If a pt presents with a problem reflexted in the mouth , how the dentist recongnize the problem :
Veracity-truthfulness.
If dentists tells his patient that he needs to take of amalgam fillings bc they are not good for his health what principle of ethich did he vilolated?
lighter picture
If developer is used up, what will happen?
you compliment how well they were at the end of the procedure
If kid complained and whined in the beginning but at the end were very good:
Dentin page 274:
If the maxillary incisors are placed too far superior and anterior, what is affected?
more abrupt and forward
If the palate is very deep, what happens to the vibrating line? More pronounced Forward Backward
FDA
If there is an adverse reaction to a medication in the office, who do you notify?
human health services.
If there is an old women in ur chair and u think there might be abuse what do you have to do?
Causes excessive shrinkage
If too much monomer is added to polymer:
It was too long in developer solution
If xray is too dark :
...increases strength
If you add BIS-GMA to PMMA increases strength or results in the doughy texture to have more working time
Dec red content of yellow red shade Side note: adding yellow stain=Inc chroma of basic yello w shade Pink purple makes yellow yellow red decraese ( checked true)
If you add a complementary color yellow, what happens to the hue?
direct reimbursement.直接报销
If you are an employer and you provide your employee with reimbursements for dental care they received from a dentist of their choice it is called:
anterior open bite ( checked on Nov and true) given answer is golden is posterior open bite
If you both condyle break, what you get? posterior open bite or anterior open bite?
Waters ( true)
If you have lesion of maxillary sinus, what kind of radiograph do you take?
True
If you increase water to powder ratio, you have decrease expansion
Medicaid/medicare e CDC,
If you need a medical record from your patient's physician, your patient needs to give you a permission to do that. Based on which principal/policy? Medicaid/medicare e CDC, OSHA , bloodborne, some random nonsense. There wasn't HIPAA
panic attack
Impending doom: panic attack, fear, anxiety, pain
- its hard engages undercuts
Impressions: whats wrong with polyether
t because the length is good esthetically but there is not enough interocclusal space @ that length.
In Max CD opposing Mand bilateral distal extension (Kennedy class 1) why is the anterior of the wax rim beveled?
right angle
In PFM, Porcelain fractures because the junction should be 1: rounded 2: right angle
C. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space.
In an edentulous patient, the coronoid process can A. limit the distal extension of the mandibular denture. B. affect the position and arrangement of the posterior teeth. C. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space. D. determine the location of the posterior palatal seal of the maxillary denture
C. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space.
In an edentulous patient, the coronoid process can A. limit the distal extension of the mandibular denture. B. affect the position and arrangement of the posterior teeth. C. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space. D. determine the location of the posterior palatal seal of the maxillary denture.
Most common cause of vertical rt fracture?
In endo tx'd teeth: excessive lateral condensation of GP In vital teeth: physical trauma
Pit and fissure ( in mosby, coronal caries has decreased over time )
In history of dentistry, which of the following has decreased? • Interprox-due to fluoride • Pit and fissure
D. radiation exposure and onset of symptoms.
In radiobiology, the "latent period" represents the period of time between A. cell rest and cell mitosis. B. the first and last dose in radiation therapy. C. film exposure and image development. D. radiation exposure and onset of symptoms.
c ( checked and true on Dec) note from group: C It's canine which guide into protrusion N cusp need nt b flat
In restoring a canine protected occlusion, with anterior overbite of about 2mm. The buccal cusps of posterior teeth should be flat, BECAUSE they will guide the protrusion. a. both are true b. only the second statement is true c. both are false
Number of new cases of the disease ______________________________ Total number of people at risk
Incidence
checked and true
Incisal 1/3 of pfm is opaque white because of too much base porcelain placed
2
Increase BID distance from 8 to 16, exposure time change from 0.5sec to? .25, 1, 2, 3...... with parallaling technique ........
Deema Alrawidentist: Increase water to powder ratio will retard setting time ( lenghen gelation time) and cold water will do the same (dd pros69)checked on Nov
Increase set time with Alginate (Irreversible Hydrocolloid)? Cold water more water
1 true. according to magic file table and on group too
Increase water:powder ratio will : 1) Increase setting time 2) Decrease setting time 3) No effect
...Increased trituration time will increase: 1-compressive strength 2-decrease setting expansion 3- both answer: both ( checked on Nov )
Increased trituration time will increase compressive strength/decrease setting expansion
High contrast
Increasing mA alone results in a film with:
...osteoporosis
Indication for bisphosphonates:
*failed existing endo that you can't retreat (and pt. is still symptomatic) - failed endo - PA RL enlarges after endo tx - when access to apex is not possible (cant be cleaned) - overextension of material interferes w/ healing
Indications for Apicoectomy
cost of Tx.
Inform consent most contain all except:
Closed panel mosby 403: in the closed model, also known as the Exclusive Provider Organzation, the beneficaris has limited choice of offices..............this model is often used in a D-HMO or PPO plan.
Insurance allows pt to only see certain set of providers....
Ask fer
Interential statistics
apex @ DEJ
Interproximal Caries (base/cone)
What is the job of Ca(OH)2 during a root canal procedure?
Intracanal medicament
Literature review and hypothesis
Introduction :
(ABSTRACT)
Introduction-where in article you find a summary
True (Radiation will affect cell structure or cell growth, why will it affect the plasma ionocity)
Irradiation cause saliva to have lower- sodium content
what is diagnosis: lingering pain to cold and sensitivity to percussion?
Irreversible pulpitis and acute periapical abscess Usually periodontal abscess is sensitive to percussion...irreversible is usually percussion positive
A case of a patient with tooth that has sensitivity that lingers with thermal test, and positive to percussion, what does the patient have?
Irreversible pulpitis with acute periapical abcess (other choices were Irreversible puplitis with no acute peripical abcess, and 2 other choice with reversible pulpitis in them).
What is untrue about EPT? It is more reliable than cold testing for necrotic teeth It gives relative health status of pulp Tells if there are vital nerve fibers
It is more reliable than cold testing for necrotic teeth
reaction to drug, ( 100% sure on dec, i checked by Noor and Deema )
It is required mandatory to report all except - child abuse, reaction to drug, one more choice
...increases setting time, decreases expansion,
KNOW WHAT INCREASES AND DECREASES SETTING TIME: increased water: powder ratio increases setting time, decreases expansion, mix faster, increase water temp decreases setting time
Dentist is paid a fixed fee to see patients enrolled in program
Know about capitation:
Fox plane is parallel to interpupillary line in anterior plane and parallel to ala tragus line in ant -post plane
Know the landmarks for the Fox plane. Fox plane: is parallel to campers line (alar of nose - mid tragus line) - for anterior-posterior plane Fox plane is parallel to interpuppillary line - for anterior plane
up frown and down is big smile ( checked, true)
Know the positioning of panoramic films (why is there an error? ex: chin tilted to high/low, etc.) • CHIN UP = frown • Chin down = steeper smile
...refer to magic file table
Know what increases and decreases setting time for gypsum (slurry/temperature/spatulation) - longer spatulation time, greater expansion (shorter time)
checked , seems both are true
Lab overbulks porcelain...why? Not enough reduction on tooth, compensate for 20% shrinkage both
Occlusal wear ( true)
Large MOD composite, what's disadvantage?
Setting up, ( Dec, checked and true, if they asked whats the most: Recap)
Least chance of needle injury? Setting up, Cleaning up, Recap
hue
Least importatnt: fluorescence, hue, etc?
direct resorption ( Nov true)
Light ortho pressure-
...control
Like if a child came with a history of aggressive behavior and is crying then should the dentist show empathy or sympathy or control LOOK BACK
when do you puncture an abcess? Localized chronic fluctuant in palpation. Localized chronic hard in palpation (if hard there is no pus)
Localized chronic fluctuant in palpation. --you do not need to lance CHRONIC accesses (sinus tract will resolve with RCT only) ... I think they meant if it is ACUTE, localized.
over extended ( comfirmed in fb and true)
Lower denture is loose whats wrong with it? 1. overextended, 2. underextended, 3. deflective occlusion
MOD onlay ( checked and true)
MOD amalgam that passes the 1/3 distance of cusp height, do what - MOD amalgam, MOD composite, MOD onlay, MOD inlay
poor condensation
MOD amalgam w/ hole.. why?
fx
MOD amalgam w/ tooth pain, indicates?
Onlay
MOD w/ intercuspal dimension > 1/3... tx indicated?
dont know
MOST of the questions where of behavior modification techniques in children and "what would you say" questions: Autistic kid, down syndrome Kid that kicks and screams Shy kid
...RADIOWAVES
MRI uses what electromagnetic wave?
manufacture directions.
MSDS:
Which material is least cytotoxic for perforation repair?
MTA
Replacing words like LA with sleepy juice is called as euphanism
Management of moderately apprehensive child.
most common tooth associated w/cracked tooth syndrome?
Mandibular second molars, followed by mandibular first molars and maxillary premolars, are the most commonly affected teeth. --mosby says MANDIBULAR 1st molar>2nd molars
True
Margin of error of PA daiograph - 3-5%
Distal incline of midfacial cusp
Max molar on mesial slope of mesial lngula cusp wher do you have wear on lower teeth?
...waters,
Max sinus diagnostic tool: waters, towne, ap, pano
4.0mg/liter dentin p536: fluride lethal to child: 15 mg/kg adult lethal dose: 4-5 mg
Maximum allowed fluoride in the water by EPA (environmental protection agency)?
variance . ANOVA melat migan variance hamun Anova hast
Means of caries risk assessment for 3 groups: white, black, Hispanic what test do u use to compare? t-test chi square variance ANOVA
NO
Medicare cover dental routine care?
Answer: Both statements are true
Medicare is a federal thing that provide health care for . It does not cover dental.
〽️Organizes the research paper and allows the reader to assess the validity of the study and the reliability of the measures .
Methods :
... 6 months
Minimum fluoride age?
Is the most frequent measurment
Mode
when the kid is afraid and use a sibling or someone older to show how they should behave
Modeling behavior is used when:
...Minimal ridge contact true: Dentin p280: modified ridge lap use a ridge lap for minimal ridge contact, but gives the illusion of being a tooth.
Modified ridge lap pontic:
1. In endo treated: excessive lateral condensation of GP 2. In vital teeth: physical trauma
Most common cause of vertical root fx?
inadequate design ( checked and true)
Most common reason for PFM bridge breakage? Firing schedule high contact inadequate design
RECURENT caries,
Most common reason for replacing posterior composites: RECURENT caries, inadequate margins, fracture of composites
out of pocket cash
Most dental procedures for the elderly are paid for by
occlusal-gingival ( checked and true)
Most important dimension that ensures the metal connector between abutment and pontic is sufficient (in 3-unit fpd bridge)?
occlusal-gingival.
Most important dimension that ensures the metal connector between abutment and pontic is sufficient (in 3-unit fpd bridge)? cross section ; buccal-lingual. occlusal-gingival. mesial-distal.
Case selection
Most important factor when placing a composite in post teeth.
Value is the most critical of the three parameters when attempting to match an adjacent natural tooth; hue is the least important
Most important when selecting shade? VALUE.r .
Irreversible hydrocolloid
Most inaccurate?
recapping needles
Most injury/percutaneous经皮 cuts happen when
tooth is under reduced ( checked , it was true)
Most lab complain?
, Polyether
Most rigid impression material
polysulfide ( checked and true)
Most stability: hydrocolloid reversible hydrocolloid irreversible polysulfide *PVS and polyether were not option
additional silicones ( aka PVS )
Most stable impression material:
Preparation, ( checked and true)
Most technique sensitive part of placing veneers? Preparation, color match, impressing
Cross sectional
Myestena Gravis patients are involved in a study. The doctor is conducting a study and is trying to find out how many of these patients has periodontitis. What study is he conducting? -Cohort -Study case - cross sectional
CaOH tx for an avulsed tooth????? Yes or no?
NO it can cause tissue resorption
When do you do apexification
NONVITAL tooth w/ incomplete apex
adaptation
NOT a GP property
Not a chelator/ dissolves Organic material/ most common irrigant
NaOCl (Sodium Hypochlorite)
Tooth with closed apex gets intruded, what is most likely to occur?
Necrosis
What does a radiolucency at the furcation of primary M1 in 5yo usually indicate: erupting permanent PM1, necrotic pulp, normal anatomy?
Necrotic pulp - it is in a 5yo so man PM1 shouldn't be causing resorption yet
Pathologic Radiolucency in furcation of primary tooth?
Necrotic, extract
nerve damage in which there is no disruption of the nerve or its sheath. In this case there is an interruption in conduction of the impulse down the nerve fiber, and recovery takes place without true regeneration. This is the mildest form of nerve injury.神经损伤，其中没有神经或其鞘的破坏。 在这种情况下，神经纤维下的冲动传导被中断，恢复发生而没有真正的再生。 这是最温和的神经损伤形式。
Neurapraxia describes:
4神经障碍涉及： 1-神经束膜和神经外膜 仅2个神经束 仅3只神经外膜
Neuropraxia involves: 1- perineurium and epineurium 2-only perineurium 3-only epineurium 4-none of the above
神经障碍：这是一种短暂的运动性麻痹，很少或没有感觉或自主神经功能障碍
Neuropraxia: It is a transient episode of motor paralysis with little or no sensory or autonomic dysfunction. Neurapraxia: describes nerve damage in which there is no disruption of the nerve or its sheath.
good= flexible, bending memory, stay centered in canal bad= strength
Ni-Ti files
- Lingual cusps of upper molars hit lingual inclines of facial cusps of mandibular molars.
Non-working movement, which one is true?
X-ray of PARL of a primary teeth
Normal R/L because perm tooth is erupting underneath
Incisional biopsy is a technique used when a lesion is large >1 cm, polymorphic suscpicious for malignancy, or in an anatomic area with high morbidity,
Notes:
material safety data sheet MSDS (by manufacterur)
OSHA does all except:
apex @ occlusal (enamel) and base to dentin
Occlusal Caries (base/cone)
spray disinfectant for 10min, then wipe off
One patient left, and before getting another patient, how would you clean your operatory?
when cuspal coverage is needed OR when cusp undermined by not enough dentin *place in low caries index
Onlay indication
Veneer under prepped (true) ***Less reduction of tooth. Porcelain has distinctive optical properties. The resultant perceived translucency will depend on porcelain composition and/ or thickness.
Opaque 不透明coming through on veneer whats the problem?
Black people.
Open bite seen in?
Better communication
Opening a dental practice - what makes it more successful:
bleach, wait 2 weeks, prep tooth, cement (true)
Order of bleaching and veneering process:
Rectangular Arch
Ortho case where patient's upper central were little flared, and needed to up-righted better, what appliance do you use?
Rectangular Arch Wire ( checked and was true by farhan )
Ortho case where patient's upper central were little flared, and needed to up-righted better, what appliance do you use? Rectangular Arch Wire headgear, facemask
• level and align (light round wire) • corrects vertical discrepancies (working arch wires) square/rectangular wires • Finishing arch wires (finishing touches) light round wirest
Ortho sequencing questions
During eruption.
Ortho tretment should be done during which of the following phase if max central erupting lingually? During eruption. after fully erupted.
Occlusal interferences-need to adjust occlusion
Ortho uprighting of molar-what is the problem-what should you do?
Due to tension ( checked and true on 30 Dec)
Orthodontic movement- widened pdl due to:
Mandible
Osteoradionecrosis most associated w/ what?
d. standard deviation
Outliers control is: a.mean b. median c. mode d. standard deviation
horizontal angulation
Overlap on bitewings :
your theory should be right, so you will reject null hypothesis ( coz its less than 0.05 ) In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error is the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis (also known as a "false positive" finding), while a type II error is incorrectly retaining a false null hypothesis (also known as a "false negative" finding).
P-significant value is equal to 0.01,
chronic (asymptomatic) apical periodontitis
PA RL w/o clinical symptoms
11-15% doubt list
PA distortion?
granuloma
PA lesion biopisied after apico of RCT treated tooth, tooth still sensitive.. (abscess/ granuloma/ cyst)
1.5-2mm
PFM crown cusp reduction
bis-GMA
PMMA resin?
Most common cell in necrotic pulp?
PMN cells
- patient head tilted too far upward
Pan has a reverse occlusal plane
恐慌发作通常会产生一种不真实的感觉，对即将到来的厄运的恐惧，或对失去控制的恐惧。
Panic attacks usually produce a sense of unreality, a fear of impending doom, or a fear of losing control.
back
Pano - max centrals look abnormally wide - has to do with position of pt head either too back, forward?
25% but could range 10-30%
Pano distortion
Upward chin
Pano show reverse occlusal plane...
A.ask parent to position patient for you the point here is knee-to-knee position
Patient 2 yrs old and scared - ask parent to position patient for you get assistant to do it, you do it yourself, the point here is knee-to-knee position
from group:Ya, a simple, "why do you hate being here?" would be great to begin. It is important to validate his concerns. from group:ask the pt what makes him think so and ask about his past dental experiences
Patient comes in and they say "oh I hate the dentist, I hate being here" • What would be your response
not confirmd yet ？？？？？？？？？？？？
Patient complains of pain in relation to a particular tooth.So the best answer/reply of the dentist would be : If you came here earlier things would not be bad If you took more care this would not have happened I will take care of everything
generalization
Patient had a flu shot done and she is afraid of dental needle even though she never had one: what is term called
FALSE GI
Patient had a lot of cervical caries in posterior-resin would be the best to use
1mg/L = 1ppm
Patient has 1ppm fluoride in water-what is that equal to in mg/L?-
microethc, etch, silanate, and bonding agent
Patient has an all veneer on incisal edge, small piece of porcelain came off and wants you to fix the chip only, what is the sequence of events:
borderline
Patient has been to multiple other dentists before you and says you are the best what does her personality resemble: schizoid, borderline, paranoid, etc
replace with composite
Patient has class 3 on facial with marginal staining what do you do to fix it:
previous traumatic dental procedure.
Patient has dental fear, what is most likely due to? -
B
Patient has occlusal rims prepared and bevels the max,why? -VDO and lenght of max occ rim was adequate -vdo was incorrect bur length of occ rim was adequate -Always bevel max occ rim -Lengh of occ rim as adequate but vdo was wrong
POSITIVE PUNISHMENT
Patient is given oral habit reducing appliance to prevent an oral habit, what is this considered?
Guarantee the success of treatment!
Patient is ready to hear your treatment plan, all of the following are true except? -
Means upright the dental chair or make them seat into chair u also seat in chair and then talk
Patient is very young and fearful first time you meet them - try to talk to them going down at their height.
EXT both teeth surgically.
Patient needs ortho with partially erupted #17 and #32. Radiographically, both teeth had crowns with distal area that are susceptible pericornitis. What do you do?
B ( engar ASDA hast)
Patient says, "I've been brushing like you showed me but I still have cavities." What do you do? Go over OHI Tell him you understand that it is frustrating
- ASA 3
Patient who has medical history but is not debilitating but will require medical management and dental modifications有病史但不衰弱但需要医疗管理和牙科修改的病人
he will have unpredictable reactions during the treatment, ( checked and true on dec)
Patient with bipolar disease comes in for dental care, choses not to take his medication and states he is in the "manic phase," what do you expect from treating this patient?: he will have unpredictable reactions during the treatment, he is will be obsessed about is esthetics (not sure if it means he is going to be continuously manic or just general bipolar disorder)
voice control ( checked true on Dec )
Pedo t 1st visit. Multiple carious teeth on anteriors. During anesthesia is well cooperative and doesn't cry or move. Once begin tx, begins to cry. What do. Keep working Voice control ** More anesthesia ** Oral sed N20
What does, percussion, palpation, EPT, thermal test for?
Percussion- presence of inflammation in PDL or not. Palpation- spread of inflammation to perodotium from PDL or not. EPT- Pulp vitality (necrosis or not). Thermal test (hot & cold)-pulp vitality. Hot (irrev), cold (rev)
vital, lower anteriors, middle age women, RL then RO; No symptoms
Periapical Cemento-Osseous dysplasia:根尖周牙骨质骨的发育不良：
pain to lateral percussion w/ a wide sulcular pocket (not extending to apex)
Perio > Endo lesion
infection from pocket spreads to pulp causing necrosis
Perio- Endo
RCT 1st! then SRP
Perio/ endo initial tx?
-dentist.
Personnel most at risk for eye injury
Camphor quinone Dentin p331: photoinitiator molecule: Camphor quinone activator: amin
Photo initiator of composite?
Internal resorption left untreated can lead to?
Pink tooth
both bases @ DEJ
Pit and Fissure Caries (base/cone)
TRUE
Placement of rubber dam affect the colour selection by dehydration of tooth gives inaccurate tooth shade
E ( we should increase)
Pneumbra affected by all except: • Moving x-ray tube • Moving film • X-ray dimensions/field/scatter • Film-object distance (decrease) • Reduction of film target distance
Hard to take out cuz it sticks to teeth
Polyether - whats bad about it?
water
Polysulfide gives out ?
B ( checked and true) lab work problem
Pontic in the bridge shows the metal, why? A) Under reduction B) Framework was not done well.
occlussogingival ( checked and true)
Pontic length on a bridge, whats most important APdimension MDdimension occlussogingival
under compression ( checked and true)
Porcelain is strongest under compression or right after being processed and cooled???
inadequate condensation (true) EXACTLY IN ASDA( another choice was excessive condensation, make sure u choose inadequate )
Porosity in PFM -
- shrinkage ( the best answer i found on Dec, also answer in the golden itself)
Posterior composite fails because usually... water degradation or shrinkage
- shrinkage
Posterior composite failure mostly due to
hyperOcclusion
Postoperative MOD composite pain, most likely due to?
Social reinforcement
Praising, smiling and congratulating is what type?
checked and true
Prep you did went down to cementum , what d you do to fill it: pdf old exam question answer says put rmgi then composite on top
all cases
Prevalence -
Water fluoridation Sealants
Primary prevention
emergency care, disease control, reevaluation, definitive treatment, maintenance care
Proper order for treatment planning -
Fraud
Pt asks u to change date of service on insurance claim, what is this called?
indirect retainer ( checked and true)
Pt comes in w/ new bilateral distal extension RPD that's loose. why? Deflective occlusion indirect retainer
A
Pt complains of high fees of dentist, how should the dentist answer? Fee is fine according to the geographic area, it is fair and reasonable, I have to make a living too
Composite over pits
Pt had #8 & had a bunch of little pits in #8; how would you fix it? Composite over pits, or over entire tooth, or veneer w/ porcelain,
Chromogenic bacteria
Pt had veneers cemented with light cured resin. Now comes back few weeks later with brown staining at gingival margins. Why?
B. Sodium Flouride**
Pt has veneers from 6-11, which fluoride do you use to not stain? A. Stannous Flouride B. Sodium Flouride** C. Acid Flouride
B. Sodium Flouride
Pt has veneers from 6-11, which fluoride do you use to not stain? A. Stannous Flouride B. Sodium Flouride** C. Acid Flouride
last
Pt has worn denture for 19 years, now he has a sore on Buccal with swelling what do you do: refer out, biopsy, cytology, Relieve denture in area and re-evaluate in 2 weeks
... NO BONE GRAFTING
Pt is on bisphosphonate doesn't like her bridge and her smile. Can you do bone graph in a patient who is taking bisphosphonate?
• Insurance pays a flat fee/patient pays the rest - co payment • Provider is payed per patient not per procedure - capitation • HMO - limited to selection • PPO - allows patient selection
Pt pays for service fee/insurance pays the rest:
false. Best would be GI
Pt w/ a lot of cervical caries - Resin composite best material to use -
transference移情 Transference: is a phenomenon characterized by unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another.
Pt was bothering the dentist and dentist got upset. His assistant was watching this sudennly drop an instruments on the floor and as a resul of this, the dentist was so piss that he had it out with the assistant : how you you call that reaction ?
A
Pt with manic depression disorder not willing to get treated for that is now getting dental treatment from you. What do you see in this patient:铂躁狂抑郁症不愿意得到治疗，现在正在从你的牙齿治疗。 你对这个病人有什么看法： A) bipolar. true b)depression c)excitement
A
Pt. says, "I do not have time to quit smoking." What stage is s/he in? Precontemplation contemplation, action, denial
contraidication for CaOH
Pulp symptomatic for last month.
Why are traumatized primary incisors discolored?
Pulpal Necrosis and Pulpal Bleeding
pulpal pain that only occur at night with no stimulation
Pulpal necrosis
retain core
Purpose of placing a post after RCT =
necrosis
Q- a dentist putting an elastic around patient's maxillary centrals to close diastema.: I put: eventual loss of teeth due to elastic traveling upwards. No clue
Rigidity and stability
QUESTION: 2 main purposes of major connector:
refer to page 267 az 150-200 edited
QUESTION: 2 ortho cases: F- 14 yr old kid w/ pano; all PM's congenitally missing except #28 (missing 7 of them); retained primary molar crowns over congenital missing PM's G- 4 primary teeth are ankylosed & 4 perm teeth are missing (BOTH FALSE) H- Using a ceph, you gotta tell if facial profile is convex, straight, or concave all 3 were CONVEX I- This case was dental class III but w/ convex profile J- Given ANB = 6 & ask wut class it is its Class II K- Other ortho pt: explorer catches in 1 pit of #19? Wut wud you do? PRR L- Upper & lower canines are ectopically erupted out of the arch; besides that everything else was normal in this case (15 yr old?) M- How do u treat? N- Extract 1st PM's & bring canines into arch OR O- Take out 4 canines & keep PM's P- (agu put take out canines) Q- If you're goin to extract 1st PM's wut would you NOT use: 150, 151, 3_, 2_ _ (answer must be 1 of the last 2; look em up) R- This case was Class I S- Ortho pt: has never had a restoration? Wut wud you do? sealants, do nothing, etc. (agu put: do nothing)
.... normally I would say rx nothing but that wasn't a choice - I put 0.25 mg supplement ghaz: according to fluoride chart, age 6 months-3 yrs , fluoride between 0.3-0.6 ppm, no need supplement schedule, it seems that there was not zero i given answer so go for 0.25 ppm
QUESTION: 2.5 year old with 0.4 ppm fluoride in water..
0 mg. optimal range of fluoride in water lies between 0.7 and 1.2 ppm
QUESTION: 4.5 years old child with .75ppm fluoride in their water req. how much fluoride supplement?
remove one of middle three
QUESTION: 9 year old boy, 5 mandibular incisors, primary canines still present, already crowding, permanent canines still have a long way to come. What would you do to treat this anamoly: remove one of middle three remove end remove primarycanines.
Relieve any trauma from intaglio, watch for 2 weeks, then biopsy, when you biopsy, you can do incisional
QUESTION: A 6x3 mm white lesion seen under old man wearing a denture for 19 years. Its aymptomatic. What is first thing done at initial treatment? -
Failure of maxillary and frontal nasal process to merge. Cleft lip: 5th-6th week, more in males,more common on the left side.
QUESTION: A cleft lip occurs because:
b. Advertising on electronic media
QUESTION: A dentist has an ethical obligation to report a colleague is all situations ... except? a. working under substance abuse b. Advertising on electronic media c. abusing patients
???
QUESTION: A denture tooth falls of y is that? She put down there was some wax that was not removed
1. Alternating appraisal交替评估
QUESTION: A kid is on recall appointment and is not cooperative. You should do voice control followed by? 1. Alternating appraisal 2. Extinguished the behavior 3. Not see the pt
Mandibular. checked , correct
QUESTION: A patient has acromegaly and needs dentures. Which denture will not fit? Maxillary Mandibular
C. increasing the compensating curve.
QUESTION: A patient presents for try-in evaluation of balanced occlusion of complete maxillary and mandibular dentures. A dentist notes that protrusive excursion results in separation of posterior teeth. This dentist can best correct this problem by A. changing the condylar inclination. B. increasing the incisal guidance. C. increasing the compensating curve. D. using a flat plane cusp for the posterior teeth.
A. reducing surgically the tuberosity only. Same q in dd card 86, with slight (minimum )undercutes in tuberosity and undercut in facial of anterior maxilla, so the answer is just bilateral removal of both tuberosity , becoz max anterior under cut very commen and present with no problem So anwer is A, if minor undercut in tuberosities,,,, and answer is D if the max anterior undercut is accopanied with large bilatral posterior undercuts tuberosity as mentioned above in card
QUESTION: A patient who has a moderate bony undercut on the facial from canine-to-canine needs an immediate maxillary denture. There is also a tuberosity that is severely undercut. This patient is best treated by A. reducing surgically the tuberosity only. B. reducing surgically the facial bony undercut only. C. reducing surgically both tuberosity and facial bony undercut. D. leaving the bony undercuts and relieving the denture base.
r impingness of mental nerve.
QUESTION: After a couple of months of delivery of upper and lower complete, patient complains of burning of lower lip:
9-12 month The following is the most common treatment protocol currently used in most cleft treatment centers: Newborn - Diagnostic examination, general counseling of parents, feeding instructions, palatal obturator (if necessary); genetic evaluation and specification of diagnosis; empiric risk of recurrence of cleft calculated; recommendation of a protocol for the prevention of a cleft recurrence in the family Age 3 months - Repair of CL (and placement of ventilation tubes) Age 6 months - Presurgical orthodontics, if necessary; first speech evaluation Age 9 months - Speech therapy begins Age 9-12 months - Repair of CP (placement of ventilation tubes if not done at the time of CL repair) Age 1-7 years - Orthodontic treatment Age 7-8 years - Alveolar bone graft Older than 8 years - Orthodontic treatment continues Other surgical procedures can be performed in patients with severe clefts as necessary (see Surgical Therapy). Role of 10 10 hemog 10 wighf 10 months
QUESTION: Age when repair cleft palate
To support the ala of the nose.
QUESTION: All of the following are the reasons for closing a cleft lip except one. Which one is the exception? To support the ala of the nose. Support the premax on a unilat cleft, felp speech, and the not is.
Reduce the maxillary tuberosity by surgery.
QUESTION: An examination of a complete denture patient reveals that the retromolar pad contacts the maxillary tuberosity at the occlusal vertical dimension. To remedy this situation, which of the following should be performed? Reduce the maxillary tuberosity by surgery. Cover the tuberosity with a metal base. Increase the occlusal vertical dimension. Reduce the retromolar pad by surgery. Omit coverage of the retromolar pad by the mandibular denture.
c. Increased VDO (causes clicking of teeth)
QUESTION: Angular chelitis is caused by all of the following except: a. Fungal infection b. Decreased VDO (causes it, b/c increase interocclusal distance; also cheek biting!!) c. Increased VDO (causes clicking of teeth) d. Other options
increase interocclusal space
QUESTION: Angular chelitis-
mixed dentition analysis.
QUESTION: Anterior crowding :
Poor? (root surface of abutment teeth have to be greater than root surface of pontic)
QUESTION: Anti's law; 3 abutments, one being lateral, with 2 pontics, prognosis good, poor, excellent?
**S sound. This will bring teeth slightly together with 1-1.5 mm separation. This is the "closest speaking space"
QUESTION: Asked about what sound will determine VDO
Tooth try-in
QUESTION: At what visit do you test phonetics in complete denture?
Long span bridge
QUESTION: Base metal:
engar entekhabe aval waters hast
QUESTION: Best imaging for sinusitis or sinus infection: I put CT, but had occlusal radiograph, PA radiograph, Panoramic. Know that sinuses are best viewed with Waters technique, but this was not in answer choice neither was none of the above as a choice.
...given answer: ridge answer by Sachin: a well-formed mandibular ridge and accuracy of jaw relations are positive indicators for success.
QUESTION: Best indicator for success of denture is
when canines erupt. (If it is erupting lingually then during eruption only and if its already erupted lingually then after eruption of canine)
QUESTION: Best time to fix lingual inclined incisors?
Med history of the patientthis one is the most important.
QUESTION: Best way to determine outcome of disease?
length is adequete for esthetics but inadequete interach space
QUESTION: Beveling on upper occlusan rim due to?
Poorly designed something
QUESTION: Breaking clasp?
impingement of mental nerve
QUESTION: Burning sensation lower denture?
take new centric relation
QUESTION: Cd/cd and want to open bite 4mm?
Increase- shorten if decrease- elongates ( checked , true)
QUESTION: Change in vertical angulation of the xray what happens— o Distortion o Increase- shorten if decrease- elongates
Multifactorial
QUESTION: Cleft lip/palate is caused by:
Autosomoal dominant. (true)
QUESTION: Cleft palate and lip is:
...- increase penetratability
QUESTION: Collimater function is all but
reduce average energy of xrays
QUESTION: Collimation does everything except: reduce pt exposure, reduce operator exposure film fog reduce average energy of xrays (energy is unchanged)
Control of size and shape of xray beam
QUESTION: Collimation is?
rounded internal
QUESTION: Common feature between porcelain veneer and all-ceramic crown preparation -
- when open mouth can dislodge denture
QUESTION: Coronoid
answer-buccal incline of the lingual cusp
QUESTION: Crown on number 30, pt tries to close, contact interference deviates to left,needs to be altered
cast reciprocal arm and a wrought wire retentive clasp Dentin p243: most common;y used when an abutment next to distal extension ( calss ll, mod l)where only a MB undercut exists ,,, consists of a bracing arm, wrought wire retentive circumferential arm and distal rest
QUESTION: Definition of a combination clasp:
so you don't have to take face bow registration again (preserve facebow)
QUESTION: Delivered CD/CD. Why do you take impression of max denture and mount it to articulator?(clinical remount):
take new CR
QUESTION: Dentist mounted maxillary cast without using facebow, but now wants to increase vertical dimension 4mm: open articulator 4mm, get new CR, take new facebow, lateral 4mm, what do you do?
masseter
QUESTION: Denture border sitting on what muscle due to its orientation of its fiber:
Neurofibroma. ( not sure )
QUESTION: Denture patient with a big ball around canine and premolar:
excessive vertical
QUESTION: Denture wearer say's "S" sounds and the post teeth are touching....why?
Charge coupled device (pg132)
QUESTION: Digital image: which is digital detector?
Reduced retention
QUESTION: Disadvantage of reduced saliva?
disrupts relationship between child and dentist
QUESTION: Don't have parent in room with child because:
Most likely needs ortho Side note: dentin p 553 Associated with skeletal class 2 malocclusion. Occurs in 2-6% of population and correct by itself in 60% of the cases. Treated by a brass wire placing between primary second molar and permanent first molar to cause permanent first molar to tip distally
QUESTION: Ectopic eruption of maxillary first molar?
B
QUESTION: Edentulous bilateral and rocking of denture- inadequate seating of denture or inadequate indirect retainers.
A. unseating of the denture.(true)
QUESTION: Excessive depth of the posterior palatal seal usually results in A. unseating of the denture. B. a tingling sensation. C. greater retention. D. increased gagging.
C) no error Error of less or equal of 0.5 no statistical significance.. *If the observed probability is less than or equal to .05 (5%),the null hypothesis is rejected and outcome is judged as "no effect".in this case the alternative hypothesis is adopted *If the observed probability is greated than 5% the decision is to accept the null hypothesis and the results are called "not statistically significant.
QUESTION: Experiment was done and error 0.05 was the goal of the experiment. After experiment was completed the error was 0.01. The question asks what type of error was it? A) type I B) TYPE II C) no error Mohammed Noor C. For example, researcher is studying effect of paracetamol and pain relief. He sets the error bar at 0.05. He then gives paracetamol when patient reports pain and observes its effect after 10 minutes or so. Since he has set the error bar at 0.05, the effect of paracetamol in relieving pain will be established if 95% or more times, the pain relief is seen after taking medicine. 5% or less times, the pain relief does not come after medicine AND STILL, the relation will not be eliminated. But on observation, he found that only 1% of times, pain relief was not seen with paracetamol. It shows that the medicine (paracetamol) has direct relation with effect (pain effect). Therefore, no error is established. Type 1 error - there is no relation and you say there is relation. Type 2 error - there is relation and you say there is no relation.
myofascial,
QUESTION: First sign of increased (we think in reference to VD) occlusion? TMJ, myofascial, attrition, abfraction
try in the framework (checked on Nov and was true)
QUESTION: First step in religning a distal extention denture you must first-
true. page
QUESTION: For bilateral distal extension - indirect retention because it is supported by tissue
porion to orbit. It is constructed by drawing a line connecting porion and orbitale.
QUESTION: Frankfort's horizontal plane =
both stability (reciprocal arm) and retention
QUESTION: Function of clasp arm?
Stability
QUESTION: Function of minor connector?
lack of interocclusal space ( checked and true on nov)
QUESTION: Generalized maxillary soreness over ridge of a patient that just got a new denture what is it due to? The options did not help... Like excessive interocclusal space, decrease VOD, lack of interocclusal space
Horshoe,
QUESTION: Guy has no upper teeth and palatal tori that extends to soft palate what type of major connector to use? Horshoe, AP, Palatal strap
沉思 行动
QUESTION: Health behavior: Precontemplation/contemplation/action definition
Face-bow
QUESTION: Hinge axis :
you'll have to do stripping
QUESTION: How do you correct Anterior Crowding which is caused to displacement of centrals?
C
QUESTION: How do you prevent prenumbra? o Should be produced from a point source to blurring of the edges of the image o Strong beam to penetrate o Xray should be parallel
RCT with cast copings, another version which was confirmed by everybody: Best way to protect the roots of overdenture: use of metallic coping, fluoride application every day, fluoride mouthwash, amalgam filling of endo answer:use of metallic coping,
QUESTION: How do you protect roots under an overdenture -
Hamular notch
QUESTION: How far do we extend a CD:
By the horizontal plane (occlusal plane) of occlusion and a line in the sagittal plane between incisal edges between maxillary and mandibular central incisiors.
QUESTION: How to determine the angle of the incisal table?
...decrease size of focal spot increase source-object distance reducing object-film distance (should be parallel), Central ray must be perpendicular to tooth. Object and film no movement.
QUESTION: How to prevent penumbra in x-rays:
I put nothing
QUESTION: If a child has 3mm crowding on the lower and permanent canines haven't erupted, what do you do?
lower jaw protrudes.
QUESTION: If acromegaly is not controlled,
when saying "F" sound they would just touch ->wet/dry lip line
QUESTION: If doing a denture try-in: where wud teeth touch compared to vermilion border
Class 2
QUESTION: If lose primary max second molar early what happens?
Remount, redo teeth and retry ( true)
QUESTION: If teeth on the wax tryin don't occlude like they did on the articulator what do you do?-
HIPAA
QUESTION: If you need a medical record from your patient's physician, your patient, needs to give you a permission to do that. Based on which principal/policy?
because the vertical angulation was too large
QUESTION: If you take a PA and the tooth is foreshortened, why did it happen
Remove tuberosity ( checked on Nov and true)
QUESTION: Immediate denture and has undercuts and tuberosity, what do you do?
C ( checked and true on Nov ) especially when opening widly in yawing
QUESTION: In an edentulous patient, the coronoid process can A. limit the distal extension of the mandibular denture. B. affect the position and arrangement of the posterior teeth. C. limit the thickness of the denture flange in the maxillary buccal space. D. determine the location of the posterior palatal seal of the maxillary denture
B
QUESTION: In performing normal dental diagnostic procedures, the operator receives the greatest hazard from which type of radiation? A. Direct primary-beam B. Secondary and scatter C. Gamma
Kennedy class 2. true but why?
QUESTION: In which is a direct retainer very important?
1:700
QUESTION: Incident of cleft palate and Cleft lip in US
interferes w/ posterior palatal seal
QUESTION: Indication for removeing max tori:
A: Distal extensions lift away from mucosa ( asda, true)
QUESTION: Insufficient indirect retention on RPD when what happens?
pt with completely edentulous maxilla and partially edentulous mandible with preserved anterior teeth, consists of severe anterior maxillary resorption combined with hypertrophic and atrophic changes in different quadrants of maxilla and mandible.
QUESTION: KELLY Syndrome=Combination syndrome (CS).
want to have a full movement of the tongue
QUESTION: Lingual of a denture, how do u know if its good?
How fast roots of 1st primary molar resorbs, how much of root of premolar is formed, etc
QUESTION: Lower 1st primary molar tooth has lower permanent premolar underneath, what will determine when the premolar will come in? -
reline
QUESTION: Lower denture is loose whats wrong with it? over extended QUESTION: Distal extention lower rpd u push on that area and the indirect retainer rest comes up....how do u tx? Reline (if its excessive altered cast) Tell them to use denture adhesive Tighten clasps
lift up occlusal table NOTE BY KIMI:A. Freeway space is adequate (2-3 mm). Therefore, cannot decrease VDO as VDR is constant as well. Need to do A as patient already showing too much upper teeth.
QUESTION: Made pt denture which shows to much of max teeth. There are 3 mm of freeway space. What would you do? lift up occlusal table decrease VDO
rigidity stability
QUESTION: Main purpose of major connector?
Cleft Palate
QUESTION: Most developmental deformity in Maxilla?
Abcense of posterior teeth
QUESTION: No posterior teeth and anterior incisal edge why?
Coronoid process will block buccal extension
QUESTION: Open mouth while maxillary border molding-
cytomologic smear
QUESTION: Oral candidiasis biopsy of choice is:
• If posterior to vibrating line-interferes with posterior palatal seal
QUESTION: Palatal tori-when should it be removed? • If undercut-so can't be cleaned • If posterior to vibrating line-interferes with posterior palatal seal • 3mm anterior to vibrating line • When denture is created around tori and functions properly
Patient's didn't put tongue on the top of their mouth (correct answer)
QUESTION: Pano, with short upper roots?
A-Incisional biopsy
QUESTION: Patient comes in with preliminary diagnosis of candidiasis on ventral tongue and floor of mouth, white lesion rough and firmly attached. What do you do? A-Incisional biopsy, B-Do cultural testing and confirm that it is/is not candidiasis.
Overextended labial flange
QUESTION: Patient feels fullness of upper lip after delivery of complete denture:
1
QUESTION: Patient has a sore, shiny red area that when you blow air on it, a white membrane comes off and the sore starts bleeding. What should you do? 1-Culture and Medical management 2- biopsy + Med Man
1-Culture and Medical management
QUESTION: Patient has a sore, shiny red area that when you blow air on it, a white membrane comes off and the sore starts bleeding. What should you do? 1-Culture and Medical management 2- biopsy + Med Man
dentin page 263: the usual causes of CLICKING OF DENTURE TEETH is EXCESSIVE VERTICAL DIMENSION ( VDO)
QUESTION: Patient has clicking with dentures -
increase VDO
QUESTION: Patient has short lower face and sagging lips. What should you do?
- allergic to denture (it should be don't take it off when they go to bed)
QUESTION: Patient is edentulous and has red upper palate
surgical and ortho combo
QUESTION: Patient with 16mm overjet what do you do?
Class 3.
QUESTION: Patients with cleft palate, what class will they present?
When mandible and all of supporting muscles are in their resting posture, Muscle guided position
QUESTION: Physiologic rest position:
root develompent
QUESTION: Post emergence eruption is mostly result of: root develompent, bone growth,
Masseter muscle ( it means distobuccal, i checked it was true)
QUESTION: Posterior buccal extention of a mandibular complete denture is limited by :
Preserve face-bow transfer
QUESTION: Primary purpose of plaster index of occlusal surface of max denture before removing the denture from the articulator and cast:
buccal shelf. and increase the residual ridge is in good shape it also contributes to primary support.
QUESTION: Primary stress bearing area in mandible:
Buccal shelf
QUESTION: Primary support for mand CD?
emergency care, disease control, reevaluation, definitive treatment, maintenance care
QUESTION: Proper order for treatment planning is:
increase compensating curve!!
QUESTION: Protrustion denture causes dislodging.
answer-Lingual incline of the buccal cusp
QUESTION: Pt bites down after cementing down and deviates to the right #30 ( i think its not complet and it wants to ask how to correct it
doubt list
QUESTION: Pt comes in w/ interim; if u fabricate cast partial, how is it gonna be different? Aesthetics of teeth, retention, resistance to occlusal loading, etc. (agu's answer: resistance to occlusal loading - cuz interim doesn't have rest seats)
Deficient maxilla and and Normal mand ( that's why i saw in some rqs, it causes crossbite)
QUESTION: Pt had cleft lip and palate. Later in life during ortho analysis what do you see?
• *remove tori than make cd
QUESTION: Pt has bilateral max tori. Need to make an upper and lower cd. Tori extends to posterior palatal seal. What should you do?
adjust occlusion
QUESTION: Pt has general soreness along ridges from complete denture...what should you do... reline, adjust occlusion
Relieve denture in area and re-evaluate in 2 weeks
QUESTION: Pt has worn denture for 19 years, now he has a sore on Buccal with swelling what do you do:
pt is cheek biting: posterior teeth set up with no horizontal overlap.
QUESTION: Pt wearing a complete dentures...
Tissue conditioning
QUESTION: Pt. with inflamed abused tissue and needs new cd, what do u do?
compensates for shrinkage
QUESTION: Purpose of placing posterior palatal seal:
Nickel
QUESTION: RPD denture frame what metal causes allergy,?
inadequate indirect retainer ( i think true asda)
QUESTION: RPD pops off when press on one side -
either side moshkel az chi one side az chi
QUESTION: RPD rocks when you apply pressure on either side of fulcrum line, why?
50msv
QUESTION: Radiology-sievert dosage allowed in a year for dentist -
Anterior guidance (also recent rqs)
QUESTION: Reason for Incisive guide table?.
inadequate horizontal overjet
QUESTION: Reason for cheekbiting with dentures?
Deema Alrawidentist: Its c in dd surgery ( true on Nov )
QUESTION: Reason for splint in palatal torus removal prevent infxn, flap necrosis, hematoma formation
- communication barrier between dentist and child.
QUESTION: Reason to not have parent in room with dentist and kid
:on or above the height of contour
QUESTION: Reciprocal clasp is placed
Stabilization
QUESTION: Reciprocating arm of clasp?
Make sure rpd is seated
QUESTION: Reline for Kennedy class one:
Rigidity ( dentin p234: major connector MUST BE RIGID )
QUESTION: Requirement of a major connector?
is not base metal alloy it must be flexible
QUESTION: Retentive clasp:
difficulty swallowing
QUESTION: Retruded tongue habit with full denture means what?-
- chin raised too high
QUESTION: Reversed occlusal plane on pano
maxillary and mandibular incisors approximating each other. ( Dentin p274) CH, J, S are SIBILIANTS
QUESTION: S, z, and ch sounds the teeth must be
Relationship that leads to denture and tissue adhesion
QUESTION: Saliva and denture, which one is correct? -
explanation from group: saliva provides retention to denture
QUESTION: Saliva and denture, which one is correct? - (thin watery)
Remove the pin (lift up)
QUESTION: Setting condylar inclination on articular using protrusive , what do with the pin?
... short wavelength,
QUESTION: Something about what is best x-ray: short wavelength, high energy
Hyperocclusion
QUESTION: Soreness all along the ridges?
tongue being unable to close nasopharynx
QUESTION: Speech impediments from cleft palate are due to?
tungsten
QUESTION: Target metal in xray:
Increase the compensatory curve
QUESTION: The condylar guidance is increased from 20 to 45 degrees,what do you do.
d. collimation (correct , on Dec )
QUESTION: The greatest decrease in radiation to the patient/gonads can be achieved by... a. change from D to F speed b. thyroid collar c. filtration d. collimation e. high doses low frequency
...High Mudule of Elastisity Deema Alrawidentist Its A , high modulus of elasticity ( stiffer) and less flexible so for this reason and to overcome it wrought wire in included becoz its more flexible that allow the clasp to bend without microstucture change
QUESTION: The main reason of breaking of RPD clasp? High Mudule of Elastisity Work Hardening
delay
QUESTION: The primary tooth is missing/extracted. The perm tooth root is 1/3 formed. What is driving the eruption of the perm tooth?
Incisional biopsy
QUESTION: To test for malignancy what test?
Fricative (F-V)
QUESTION: Too labially placed upper anterior teeth. What sounds are hard to say:
,
QUESTION: Type I - false rejection of null hypothesis (false negative/incorrect regection) = less dangerous in terms of research and Type II - false acceptance of null hypothesis (false positive/failure to regect) - less problematic bc no conclusion is made from a rejected null. But type 2 is more dangerous medically bc a patient is diagnosised as HEALTHY when they actually have the HIV.
less than 4mm is moderate Side note: Sever crowding >4mm severe crowding.
QUESTION: WHAT IS A MODERATE Crowding ?
hep B must always be offere at no cost for all employees.
QUESTION: What are the hep b vaccine rules by OSHA?
Minor connector
QUESTION: What connects an occlusal rest and major connector? -->
Minor connector
QUESTION: What connects major connector with rest seats-
BOTH Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor/mylohyoid muscle
QUESTION: What determines lingual border of Mandibular impression? a.Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor b.mylohyoid muscle c.masseter. a&b all
Restric the size and shape of the x-ray beam to reduce the patient exposure.
QUESTION: What does collimation do?
Reduce area of exposure
QUESTION: What does collimation do? Reduce area of exposure, remove scatter
I put translates the relationship of the maxilla to the terminal hinge axis using a 3rd point of reference
QUESTION: What does the facebow do?
b. The space available for permanent canine and premolars
QUESTION: What does the moyers probability chart predict when a transitional dentition analysis is performed? a. The widths of mandibular anterior teeth b. The space available for permanent canine and premolars c. The width of permanent canines and premolars d. The space needed for alignment of permanent mandibular central and lateral incisors
Indirect retainer dentin p240: clasps are direct retainers. reciprocal retainer is a kind of indirect retainer. T/F?
QUESTION: What does the reciprocal clasp do?
: Elongation or Forshortening.
QUESTION: What happens when you don't have proper vertical angulation when taking xrays
decrease ( final answer checked by group)
QUESTION: What happens with intercanine distance After mixed dentition? a. increased b. decreased c. stable, no change
--dental chair or dentist dentin p#574:Classical conditioning is a form of learning in which a previously neutral stimulus comes to elicit a given response through associative training.
QUESTION: What is conditioned STIMULUS with pt that had previous bad experiences:
Support
QUESTION: What is function of Rest?
Cleft lip and palate .
QUESTION: What is more commonly seen?
• The area on the film that represents the image of a tooth is called the umbra, or complete shadow. The area around the umbra is called the penumbra or partial shadow. The penumbra is the zone of unsharpness along the edge of the image; the larger it is, the less sharp the image will be. The diagram at right shows how the penumbra is formed. X-rays from either extreme of the target, and from many points in between, pass through the edge of the object and contribute to the penumbra.
QUESTION: What is pneumbra. it was in a qs and i had no idea what it was talking about pneumbra
...scatter from the patient,
QUESTION: What is primary source of radiation to the operator when taking xrays: I said it was radiation left in the air scatter from the patient, scatter from the walls, leakage from the xray head.
the same modulus of elasticity as dentin.
QUESTION: What is the advantage of a fiber post over a cast post?
Finger springs.
QUESTION: What is the best method for tipping maxillary and mandibular Anterior teeth ?
translating the horizontal and vertical relationship onto the incisal table
QUESTION: What is the best way to preserve the anterior guidance?
providing rest to tissues
QUESTION: What is the main reason for removing complete dentures at night?
surface area ( checked and true)
QUESTION: What is the most important thing for retention?
mucobuccal fold
QUESTION: What is the primary retention for mandibular denture?
yield strength
QUESTION: What mechanical property effects permanent composition for RPD clasps -
Genetic
QUESTION: What mostly gives cleft palate? Genetic or environmental
palatoglossus , superior pharyngeal constrictor, mylohyoid and genioglossus
QUESTION: What muscles help in retention of lower complete denture :
Chromium
QUESTION: What prevents corrosion on a noble metal?
Low VDO
QUESTION: What problem causes bilateral angular cheliits:
Yield strength explanation by group:ts is the stress at which a specific amount of plastic deformation is produced
QUESTION: What property of rpd framework will limit adjustments of clasps? TTT- Yield strength UUU- Ductility VVV- Stiffness
1-BIOPSY
QUESTION: What should you not do initially with a patient with desquamative gingivitis? 1-BIOPSY 2-topical corticosteroids 3- encourage OH
mandibular set back checked and true on Nov
QUESTION: What surgery will a pt with cleft palate most likely need...move maxilla up or move mandible back...
New bite registration and remount
QUESTION: What to do if you increase VDO after mounting?
Primary 2nd molar ( checked on Nov and true )
QUESTION: What tooth is the most important to keep for space maintenance:
•Suturing lip
QUESTION: When correcting cleft problem how do you end/finish? •Closing plate •Suturing lip Alveolar augmentation (phase 2)
- I wrote if can't treat in 10-14days.
QUESTION: When do u have to do a biopsy
Wax try-in
QUESTION: When do you check phonetics for a CD/CD?
Prevents seating of denture and formation of posterior seal
QUESTION: When do you remove palatin torus:
When you have recurrent decay
QUESTION: When do you replace class 2 composite?
After ¾ root has been formed (through gingival) (2/3 erupts through bone!)
QUESTION: When does tooth start to emerge in the oral cavity?
Surgery on max tuberosity
QUESTION: When find VDO-the max tuberosity touches retromolar pad-what should you do? • Make metal extension on mand RPD • Surgery on max tuberosity • Surgery on retromolar pad • Open VDO
Surgery, don't put base on hamulus don't put base on retromolar pad or increase vd?
QUESTION: When making a denture base, the hamulus is too close to the retromolar pad ?
coronoid
QUESTION: When taking impression and patient is open what can interfere with fully seating-
6 feet, 90-135 degrees
QUESTION: When there is no barrier, protection of dentist:
whenever there is a progressive metasis even though antibiotics are rx
QUESTION: When to do biopsy?
Mount casts. True farhan: Here the Q is asking definitive Treatment plan for RPD patient.. so the answer should be definite that's why ans is A. Q is not asking the general phases of treatment like.. Emmergency, initial, definitive, maintainence .. i checked on Nov, almost all people answered this, extract hopeless
QUESTION: When tx planning an RPD for a pt what's the first thing you do?- Mount casts. find undercuts, find abutments, extract hopeless and perio teeth.
Formalin
QUESTION: When you do biopsy, how do you store the specimen before it gets to oral pathologist?
: passively on the infraabulge It exerts a positive direction movement; sits on the height of contour and another was not touch the tooth at all (engage in undercut to resist removal of prosthesis and to help prevent dislodgement)
QUESTION: Where does the retenetive clasp engage on abutment?
passively on the infrabulg
QUESTION: Where does the retentive clasp engage on abutment:
History and clinical examination
QUESTION: Which are the two most imp. steps for diagnosis:
superior constrictor
QUESTION: Which muscle helps border bold in the posterior lingual flange? Mylohyoid palatoglossus, superior pharyngeal constrictor,
Lateral pterygoid ( checked on nov and true 100%)
QUESTION: Which muscle will not interfere with the denture base? • Buccinator • Lateral pterygoid • Masseter
C. polymerization and cooling shrinkage. ( checked and true )
QUESTION: Which of the following best explains why the dentist should provide a postpalatal seal in a complete maxillary denture? The seal will compensate for A. errors in fabrication. B. tissue displacement. C. polymerization and cooling shrinkage. D. deformation of the impression material.
E. The occlusal forces over the inclined ramus would dislodge the mandibular denture.
QUESTION: Which of the following explains why mandibular molars should NOT be placed over the ascending area of the mandible? A. The denture base ends where the ramus ascends. B. The molars would interfere with the retromolar pad. C. The teeth in this area would encroach on the tongue space. D. The teeth in this area would interfere with the action of the masseter muscle. E. The occlusal forces over the inclined ramus would dislodge the mandibular denture.
B. Switching from round to rectangular collimation
QUESTION: Which of the following safety techniques provides the GREATEST DECREASE in overall radiation-risk to patients? A. Changing from Group D to Group E film B. Switching from round to rectangular collimation C. Using an automatic rather than manual processing switch D. Adding a cervical collar to a leaded apron
Lower denture
QUESTION: Which one of the following is usually an issue for denture patients? -
Horizontal ( checked, true)
QUESTION: Which plane is most important on anterior guidance.:
VDR
QUESTION: Which position depends on patient's posture?
PICK roots from dense bone areas.. Such as Mandibular Canine
QUESTION: Which teeth roots to retain under overdentures?
C. I can see that you're very upset. You thought the tooth could be restored and ghaz checked and true
QUESTION: While the dentist is preparing a large carious lesion in Tooth #30 for a restoration, a pulp exposure occurs. The patient angrily shouts at the dentist, "You incompetent 'creep'- -you're responsible for this problem!"- Of the following possible responses the dentist could make, which one is the most emphatic? A. Calm down, I can still restore your tooth adequately. B. Not when I'm preparing a tooth with caries like you had. C. I can see that you're very upset. You thought the tooth could be restored and now this problem has occurred. D. If you took care of your mouth the way you should, I wouldn't have been close to the pulp. E.I'm sorry this happened, but we must get on with the procedure.
incisional biopsy
QUESTION: White lesion 2x3x2 cm ?
Smear**
QUESTION: White patch on buccal mucusa.Whats best way to get biopsy?
levereage sth
QUESTION: Why do you use canine for incisal rest: esthetics, surface area, cingulum
Preserve face-bow transfer
QUESTION: Why do you use plaster index on mounting for facebow:
Occlusal forces dislodge
QUESTION: Why don't put posterior tooth on inclination of ramus?
because it dislodges the denture
QUESTION: Why don't you set denture teeth on the incline up towards the retromolar pad?
Teeth are then put back exactly in their original position aided by plaster key
QUESTION: Why take plaster index?
a. no indirect retention used
QUESTION: With mandibular bilateral distal extension RPD, when you place pressure on one sides the opposite side lifts and vice versa, what is the problem? a. no indirect retention used b. rests do not fit c. acrylic resin base support
tungsten钨
QUESTION: X-ray tube target made out of: tungsten, lead copper
selectively absorbs low energy photons. (on Dec and true) (explanation:used to absorb the low energy X-ray photons from the spectrum thereby reducing the patient dose.)
QUESTION: Xray filters are used for? Reduces intensity of electron beam, selectively absorbs low energy photons. LONG WAVELENGTH Inherent filtration=glass, oil. Total filtration=aluminum and inherent filtration (from Gohel's lecture)
a. grinding buccal of lower teeth
QUESTION: You fit new completed denture and the patient complains of cheek bite, what will you do? a. grinding buccal of lower teeth b. grinding buccal of upper teeth c. grinding lingual of lower teeth d. grindinging lingual of upper teeth
After 2 weeks - Take biopsy
QUESTION: You have a lesion in mouth, you tried to treat it, still looks the same what do you do?
mounted casts explanation from group: true.Occlusal rests need 1/3rd of mesiodistal & 1/2 of buccolingua
QUESTION: best way to evaluate available space for rests-
keep teeth in same position
QUESTION: best way to prevent speech problems in complete dentures
6-9 weeks in utero
QUESTION: cleft lip and palate?
boys.
QUESTION: cleft lip: more common in
class 3. soft and hard palate plus alveolar process
QUESTION: cleft palate has:
excessive VDO
QUESTION: clicking of denture teeth →
- reduces low energy radiation
QUESTION: collimnation in xrays
too bulky at max distobuccal
QUESTION: coronoid process displace upper denture if :
filter absorbs long wave lenght or low energy
QUESTION: filter absorbs.... Long wave length "Filtration is a mechanism where the low quality, long wavelength xrays are absorbed from the exiting beam. Alumnium disks absorb lower penetrating xrays." 241 First Aide
decrease object/film distance ( also decrease focal spot size and increase film source distance) checked and true on Dec
QUESTION: how to reduce penumbra? moving object, decrease object/source distance, decrease object/film distance
***Increase compensating curve ****DECREASE INCISAL GUIDANCE (to compensate for increase in condylar guidance)
QUESTION: if denture teeth were set to a 20 degree condylar setting when the teeth need to be at 45. degrees, what will need to be changed? • Incisal guidance increased?? • Posterior cusps decreased • Increase compensating curve DECREASE INCISAL GUIDANCE (to compensate for increase in condylar guidance)
vibrating line is more pronounced and forward
QUESTION: if the palatal vault is too deep :
refer to doubt list
QUESTION: incisal guide pin position while checking protrusive,why (determine condyle guidance)
establish and maintain VDO
QUESTION: lab and patient remount? Why are they done-
mylohyoid. Mylohyoid in anterior Middle area with retromylohyoid and Posterior lingually superior constrictor
QUESTION: lingual flange on lower complete is around which muscle? Geniglossus, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, mylohyoid.
mylohyoid
QUESTION: lower denture impression lingual area muscle -
mylohyoid superior pharyngeal constrictor / palatoglossus, genioglossus .true
QUESTION: lower denture impression lingual area muscle -
horseshoe
QUESTION: major connector design for large inoperable palatal torus
mylohyoid
QUESTION: man. Lingual flanges are affected by • geniglossal • mylohyoid
peripheral seal.
QUESTION: most important in denture retention:
heat
QUESTION: most of the x-ray is converted to?
poor framework design
QUESTION: multiple failures in FPD :
absence of posterior teeth
QUESTION: no posterior teeth and incisal wear on the anterior-because of
done in one appointment
QUESTION: only advantage of resin over porcelain :树脂在瓷器上
allowing the maxillary incisors to nearly touch the slightly inverted lower lip. fricative sounds are labiodental sounds. ( F, v )
QUESTION: p274: fricative sounds are made by
B. true ( checkedc and true )
QUESTION: patient has mobile upper anterior maxillary tissue that is inflamed. Before making new denture you do what? A) gingivectomy, B) apply conditioner to existing denture, C) make new denture that will immobilze the existing tissue D) something else
2 mm anterior to vibarting li
QUESTION: post extension of post palatal seal is vibrating line:
a lingual plate with interruptions In the palate at the diastemas explanation from group: Lingual plate recommended over lingual bar because of the restriction space of this patient flor of mouth . lingual plate is the answer in dentin. checked and true
QUESTION: pt presents with a restricted floor of the mouth, only 6 mandiblar anterior teeth and diastama b/w several teeth, which of the following major connector is appropriate for this pt:
decreased ( checked, true)
QUESTION: pt with class III will have the mandibular incisal angle? Increased, decreased
you place tissue conditioning material in her old denture
QUESTION: pt's max denture made her tissue inflamed and weird, you decide to make her a new denture after?
adjust condylar guidance ..begin prep
QUESTION: purpose of incisal guidance,mount casts..?
dissipate heat to the target,
QUESTION: purpose of oil in x-ray tube housing: prevent rust, reduce radiation, dissipate heat to the target, lubricate
prevent displacement ( it means vertical dislodgement mentioned in dentin)
QUESTION: the purpose of the rest seat is:
reduce the radiation
QUESTION: the use of intensifying screens -->
Counteract retentive clasp, stabalize the tooth, indirect retainer
QUESTION: what does the reciprocal brace do?
Dentin pag 264: DECREASED VDO often result in CHEEK BITING due to lack of horizontal overlap of posterior teeth. ***correct by reducing the buccal surface of the offending mandibular tooth to creat additional horizontal overlap. ***cheek biting is also caused by overclosure and teeth set too far buccally.
QUESTION: what happens when Vertical is lost-signs that is reduced VDO ?
Use metal copings to cover teeth, overdenture
QUESTION: what is the best way to treat a tooth supported lower denture?
cools off the anode
QUESTION: what is the oil in the x ray tube for : dissipate the heat ( cooling). cools off the anode
preserve facebow record
QUESTION: what is the plaster index for?
Buccinator- the buccinators does not affect stability Deema Alrawidentist: Buccinator, less displcaing action (dd)
QUESTION: what muscle covers dentures flanges and no affect stability : Buccinator- the buccinators does not affect stability!!
reduce the 1)volume of tissue being irradiated and 2)reduce the amount of scatter radiation by 60%
QUESTION: what the collimator does :
at the Wax rim try-in appt.
QUESTION: when do you check for syllabus sounds:
Class IV
QUESTION: which kennedy class has no modification-
filtration = filter (aluminum)
QUESTION: which material is used as a filter in xray machines? Lead aluminum****
Acromegaly.
QUESTION: which of the following is the endocrine involvement that is related to jaw deformity: Acromegaly. b. cherubism c. Albrights d. pagets
Class III malocclusion
QUESTION: with cleft lip and palate what occlusion is mostly seen?
both true
QUESTION:*** Mandibular tori in first premolar and canine If you were to remove the tori would you have the patient sign an informed consent of lingual nerve injury ( i saw this in recent rq )
• Private insurance
QUESTION:\
temperature
Question about what determines fluoride supplementation for a city -
1:1000.
Question: Cleft LIP only:
1:2000.
Question: Cleft PALATE only:
girls.
Question: cleft palate: More common in
(5-6 years)
Questions: The primary dentition. Kids are easier to desensitize
stainless steel crown.
R- No obvious clinical caries in a child. Radiographically, interproximal caries on primary tooth T. Best tx: Stainless steel crwon. MO and DO composites, MOD amalgam,
what Tx is indicated for for internal resorption
RCT
A molar is super-erupted, but has irreversible pulpitis, what do you do?
RCT and Crown (other choices were EXT, just do crown - this was tricky because to answer the question, you have to look at the patient dental chart and findings)
Indications for apicoectomy
RCT can't be done by conventional means, failed existing RCT and can't re-treat
what is initial treatment of combination perio and endo lesion: do rct first or perio first, etc?
RCT first
Apical horizontal root fracture: no pain, what do you do? RCT Scaling RCT if tested nonvital Monitor 1 year
RCT if tested nonvital Monitor 1 year**
Vertical Root Fx
RCT is contraindicated for?
bevel in the axiopulpal line angle (rounded angles), reduces stress and increases RESISTANCE form
RESISTANCE form in amalgam prep
RETROSPECT研究：比较有疾病的人和没有疾病的人的研究。 同时也回顾一下这种疾病的风险与实际发病的相比。
RETROSPECT study: Study that compares people that have the disease to people that do not have the disease. And also looks back to see how the risk for the disease is compared to actually getting that disease.
FREUD概念： 记忆好 根据弗洛伊德的观点，焦虑是一个人们不愿意接受的不愉快的内在状态。 焦虑作为一个信号，说明事情不合时宜。
REUD CONCEPT: MEMORIZE WELL ACCORDING TO FREUD, ANXIETY IS AN UNPLEASANT INNER STATE THAT PEOPLE SEEK OT AVOID. ANXIETY ACTS AS A SIGNAL TO EGO THAT THINGS ARE OT GOING RIGHT.
necrotic --> ext
RL in furca of primary tooth.. tx?
- free radical formation from indirect,
Radiation injury from
... Erythema
Radiation of 4(Gy) to the skin will cause?
leukemia ( checked and true on Dec, so notice that stochastic ) mean low dose for a long time
Radiation that is stochastic, with non threshold effects would a clinician notice first - leukemia, skin burn, hair loss, bone marrow effect
Increase kvp ( checked , true)
Radiographic Picture: looked washed out, no contrast, what was adjusted? • Decrease kvp • Increase kvp • Increase time • Less developing solution
BODY ZONE demineralization
Radiographic decay most closely resembles which zone of carious enamel?
empathy
Rapport best with :
resistance form is more important than retention form
ReSistance ----------- ReTention
resistance or structural durability
Reason for functional cusp bevel =
A
Reason to not have parent in room with dentist and kid- communication barrier between dentist and child, osha violation, hipaa violation,
doubt list
Recently placed a class 3 comp, pt isn't happy with it and has a huge staining on margins what to do? Replace, remove on margins and place composite , extract/implant, etc
1.5-2mm Dentin p276: Gold crown: 1.5 mm functional, 1 mm non-functional, 0.75 mm chamfer margin PFM crown: 1.5-2mm functional, 1-1.5 nonfunctional. 1mm for chamfer with bevel buccal margin. All ceramic: 2mm
Reduction for functional cusp bevel on porcelain?
Nonvital after a trauma? What do you do?
Reevaluate at a later time
Most critical for pulpal protection
Remaining dentin thickness (2mm)
Euphamism (relabeling)委婉语（重新贴上标签）
Replacing words like LA with sleepy juice is called as
Cross-sectional
Research done to determine caries rate at a nursing home. What kind of study is this?
Cross-sectional横断面研究
Researcher wants to find incidence of oral cancer in nursing home what study?
amalgam
Restoration of class 2 for posterior with heavy occlusion - amalgam, composite, microfill ...
true i think
Restore tooth with MOD comp. then pt. comes back 2 days later with sensitivity. Then you put composite over it and relieves the pain.
2.5-3 years
Root completely formed after :
given in golden: Decrease VDO,
S, ch, sounds are made: When max and mand ant teeth barely touch... Increase VDO , decrease freeway/interocclusal space , Decrease VDO, increase freeway/interocclusal space
Refer to OMFS,
S- Extract a tooth and give Penicillin, the next day patient has high fever, swelling, dysphagia吞咽困难，, what do you do? Change to different antibiotic, Refer to OMFS, add another drug to regimen
class 3
SNA 76 AND SNB 78=-2 =
Lower denture
STION: Which one of the following is usually an issue for denture patients? -
more water, less expansion, less strength checked true
Same thing but with increase/decrease in setting expansion-
The sample size The sample method
Sampling strategy
value
Scale of 100 a. Chroma b. Value c. Or Hue?
Amalgams and composite Mote costly
Secondary prevention
B
Sensitivity following composite restoration in post most common cause of which of the following? A) due to resin. B) polymerization shrinkage in margin C) shrinkage in margin. D) Non.
zinc phophate first then GC dentin p 307: During initial mixing there is potential to cause pulpal irritation due to the low pH.
Sensitivity of pulp in regards to cement, which is correct? resin ionomer and glass ionomer cause highest pulp sensitivity
correctly identifying those ppl who have disease and correctly identify by a possitive test.
Sensitivity:
Green
Silver turns porcelain what color?
microetch, etch, silanate, and bonding agent
Similar question Patient has an all veneer on incisal edge, small piece of porcelain came off and wants you to fix the chip only, what is the sequence of events:
...increase water/powder ratio more water and also cold slab ( checked and true on Nov )
Similar question with how to increase setting time of alginate
composite ( true) (small lesion so don't want to take away too much with amalgam), GI
Small occlusal fillings need to be done on posterior, what do you use - amalgam, composite?
CONICAL (V shape) caries w/ apex @ pulp
Smooth Caries (base/cone)
Non-malfecience
Something about dentist needs to keep up to date with new technology and learn and practice new procedures:
forms ionic bond.
Something about glass ionomer:
nonverbal is not as reliable
Something about nonverbal vs verbal communication -
5 feet ( 5 feet for lateral cephelo 6 feet for intra oral x-ray)
Source/object distance for lateral ceph: 5 feet, 6 feet, 15 cm, 60 cm
correctly identifying dx free people
Specificity -
true negative
Specificity,
...Proportion of truly nondiseased persons who are so identified by a screening test (measures "how good a test is at correctly identifying nondiseased persons). Sensitivity tests identifying diseased persons.
Specificity?
How do you first tx a horizontal root fracture? Immobilize the segments Rct Splint CaOH
Splint
Decrease the value
Staining a porcelain restoration:
good= resistant to fx
Stainless Steal files
〽️The typical or average deviation from the mean . 〽️square root of the variance .
Standard deviation :
Microetch, etch, silane, bonding agent
Steps for adding to porcelain?
occlusogingival width
Strength of Abutment connection to pontic which is more important?
*has to live on a non-shedding surface
Strep Mutans
Cohort,
Study among smokers and nonsmokers in a period of 6 years (2000-2006) to develop disease? Cohort, cross sectional
95% sensitivity
Study says 95 out of 100 people had the disease what is lab value:
95% sensitivity ( checked , true )
Study says 95 out of 100 people had the disease what is lab value:
...6 months
Supplemental fluoride when can you give it?
every day ( true)
Supplementation for 10 year old with no other fluoride source? 1 mg every day or 1 mg every week?
Reversible hydrocolloid
Synerisis imbibition applies to which impression mat? Reversible hydrocolloid. Irreversible is not an option
true 系统脱敏...识别
Systemic desensitization...identify fear. T
used to compare whether the means of two groups are statistically different—assume that standard deviation is unknown. Small sample size
T test:
Lateral pterygoids
T- Which muscle mainly responsible for positioning and translating condyles?
enlarged pulp chamber APICALLY
Taurodontism
FDA
Temperatures for autoclaves is governed by:
Crown & bridge
Tettiary prevention
D
The 16 yr old can take the decisions for the elder pts if: If the elders are deaf and dumb, if the boy makes thepayment, if the elders are over 60yrs, if the kid has the power of an attorney
Developed by the WHO.
The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs ( CPITN )
0.75-1.2
The appropriate amount of fluoride in the community water:
5-6 years ( correct)
The best age to correct a thumb sucking habit is?
...Consistent 脑有病就用permissive 要是发展有病就用--Consistent i checked sachin and noor said A. here is sachin explantion: A. Permissive 许可is for mentally disabled, for example Down's Syndrome, not developmentally disabled, like Autism. Developmentally disabled patients usually take things/ instructions in concrete way. Consistent only if "developmental" word is there or autism is mentioned final check on Dec: permisive
The best way to treat a developmentally disabled pt? Consistent / Permissive / Strict / Flatterness
1. Tap their shoulder
The closest a dentist should get to their patient is?
bundling
The dentist charges separately for core build up and the crown but the insurance company says that the core build up is part of crown.what is this called?
Buccinator (Fibers of buccinator and buccal shelf) checked and 100% true
The denture base completely covers what muscle a. Medial pterygoid b. Lateral pterygoid c. Masseter d. Buccinator (Fibers of buccinator and buccal shelf)
...40% ( its asda, memorize 40%)
The drinking water supply of a community has a natural F level of .6ppm. The F level is raised by .4ppm. Tooth decay is expected to decrease by what % after 7 years?
b
The mesial angle of the ML of max 2nd molar occludes with what on the man 2nd molar a. Mesial MB cusp b. Distal MB cusp c. Mesial DB cusp d. Distal DB cusp
working and protrusive movement .(when u move to the working side the MB cusp if man 1st molar will get in contact with the distal incline of the buccal cusp of the maxillary 2nd premolar) pradeep: in protrusion interferences are mand mesial and max distal inclined so here mb interference so protrusive
The mesiobuccal incline on the mesiobuccal cusp of mand molar (with stainless steel crown) has wear:
Barely touch it
The modified pontic how should it touch the gum? Barely touch it Impinge on it
additional silicon ( checked, true)
The most stable elastic impression in moisture environment? a. polyether b. additional silicon c. condensation silicon d. polysulfide
self etch Total etch: 30-40% phosphoric acid. Post operative sensitivity Hight bond strength. Does not interfear with polymeriztion of dual cure resin. Self etch: Leat post operative sensivity. ( most disadvantage ) Lower bond strengths. ( disadvantage ) 10% maleic acid or acedic monomer. Dentin p329
The most unreliable?
ANS. Fraud
The patient retires and loses health benefits.the treatment is done on the next day.the pt requests the dentist to enter the previous day date and the dentist does so.what is this called.
reject the null Type I and Type II Null hypothesis.
The power of a statistical analysis is ultimately to:
case control doubt list Dec: i think B
The problem with this study is that you don't know if the disease came from drinking or not. What study is it?
parent ( checked and true )
The restraining of uncooperative 2 yr child should be done by. Dentist, Assistant, Parent
Children Parents Policy makers Health care provider
The scope of Health education may include educational interventions for :
Deterministic
The severity of response increases with the amount of X-ray exposure. This effect is called: Deterministic, Stochastic, Genetic
c ( checked and true )farhan
The space for the eruption of permanent mandibular second and third molars is created by the? A. apposition of the alveolar process. B. apposition at the anterior border of the ramus. C. Resorption at the anterior border of the ramus. D. resorption at the posterior border of the ramus
Methylmethacrylate True: Dentin p307: Type lll ZOE ( reinforced ZOE): a temporary material ( IRM) and thermal insulating. ***the powder is composed of zinc oxide and finly divided polymer particles ( polymethyl-methacrylate)
The strength of Zinc Oxide Eugenol can be increased by adding what?
Increasing height ( checked and correct)
The strength of soldered connector of FPD in enhanced? 1. Using higher carat solder, 2. Increasing height (answer), 3. Increasing width, 4. Increasing gap
underestimates
The x-ray of an interproximal underestimates the size of the actual crater (other is overestimates and is same size)
true i found this on internet: In medicine, a case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports may contain a demographic profile of the patient, but usually describe an unusual or novel occurrence.
There are 4 people with a disease and guy wants to report/describe them: I said ti was case report but idk
Microleakage ( true, checked)
There is a veneer which is bonded with resin and the patient comes back after a month or so with a dark stain near margin,reason?
Most reliable way to test vitality of a tooth?
Thermal
Cathode ( checked , true) Kimia Sh Wiki:The classical example of thermionic emission is the emission of electrons from a hot cathode into a vacuum
Thermionic emission where?
💥cross-sectional 💥 case control 💥 cohort
Three study used to determine the etiology of a disease ?
Did pulpotomy in a 7 yr old's pulp exposed decayed tooth #30 why?
To allow completion of root formation (apexogenesis)
FDA
Toxic reaction to a medication in dental office must be reported to:
shows Cracked Tooth
Transillumination
Craze Line (lets light pass completely through)
Transillumination & Whole Crown
class 3 ( true, checked on Nov)
Transillumination is useful in the diagnosis of .Class 1, class 2, class5, class 3
Patient intrudes mature maxillary incisor. What is the treatment?
Trauma causing deep intrusion to a permanent tooth causes PULP NECROSIS and conventional RCT is necessary, along with reposition/splint FIRST. --allow PRIMARY teeth to re-erupt
battery---医生未经病人同意即实施手术这一行为可能被当作"非法侵犯"而起诉，尽管病人的确从手术中获益
Treatment without informed consent is
T/F- EPT does NOT indicate health of the pulp
True
T/F: Endo abscess but no sinus tract, can pus drain through the PDL
True
trying to determine whether they are willing to change.
Trying to change person what is most important:
Chi-test,
Two common VARIABLE..what statistical test would you use? Chi-test, T-test, correlation analysis, or standard deviance
type of resin and type of prep. TRUE
Two things that account for a successful posterior composite restoration?
False positive Correct outcome True negative if P is more than 0.05 its type 2 accept, if its less than 0.05 its type 1 error reject ( wiki: In statistical hypothesis testing, a type I error is the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis (also known as a "false positive" finding), while a type II error is incorrectly retaining a false null hypothesis (also known as a "false negative" finding).)
Type I error
sodium fluoride Sodium monofluorophosphate page 538 dentin, table notice that APF and Stannous Fluoride (SnF2) not available
Types of Fluoride used in toothpaste: sodium fluoride, Stannous fluoride(most effective), Sodium monofluorophosphate
At the wax-try in phase
UESTION: At what point do you check the proper placement of teeth:
Class II. ( div 1 )
UESTION: Chronic nasal stuffiness associated with what occlusion?
Stability mary "f denture falls out when smiling,bucal flang is overextended.. dd
UESTION: Main purpose of buccal flange of Mx denture?
SPACE MAINTENANCE
UESTION: Why do you restore primary teeth?
acrylic resin
UESTION: Why is there a tissue stop under distal extension rpd -
to relieve the bone
UESTION: you tell patient who has dentures to take off at night -
"the separating of a dental procedure into component parts with each part having a charge so that the cumulative charge of the components is greater than the total charge to patients who are not beneficiaries of a dental benefit plan for the same procedure."
Unbundling :分拆：
separation anxiety
Uncooperative 2 year old-
violet ( chked , true) on Dec, true
Use complimentary color to change/stain crown to decrease the value most common is: Violet Orange, gray, yellow
... 1.0 ppm
Usual water flouridation-
when do you do apexogenesis?
VITAL tooth w/ an OPEN apex
Ionic bond btwn enamel and dentin,
VRMGI? Advantage beside fluoride release?
its false .i checked and nobody knew
Value least, due to lack of variation in mouth=Hue
Most important, Lightness. Put shade guide from light to dark. Half close eyes to increase sensitivity to better select value.
Value?
〽️Is a method of ascertaining the way individual values are located around the mean . 〽️the larger the variance, the more widely the data items are spread about the mean value . 〽️variance of zero means no spread at all .
Variance
Microleakage Days after-fracture Weeks-amine Month- microleakage
Veneer after a month time has some brown stain: not enough cement at margin, Microleakage
Pumice, etch, microetch, etch, microabrasion, silane...know what to do and the order, application of etch to the prep, bonding resin to prep, etch the inside of veneer, silane the inside of the veneer, luting agent
Veneer fractures, what do you do?
...- You see more bone.
Vertical BWX are better than horizontal BWX because of what Doctor?
Nonrestorable
Vertical Root Fx is..
mandibular posteriors
Vertical root fx most commonly found?
Best prognoses for a broken instrument at apical third? Vital pulp with no PA abscess Necrotic pulp with no PA abscess Vital pulp with PA abscess Necrotic pulp with PA abscess
Vital pulp with no PA abscess
Aversive conditioning= punishment to deter unwanted behavior ex Hand over mouth厌恶空调=惩罚，以防止不必要的行为前交出口 Dentin p 575: a technique in which punishment, unpleasant or painful stimuli are usde in the suppression of undesirable brhavio. in demtistry it is called the HAND-OVER-MOUTH technique. ( hamun positive punishment hast )
Voice control method used with children's :
crown will seat in die, but not on tooth ( correct)
Void in die, crown was processed, what will happen? -
wingless checked & true
W on the rubber dam clamp means it is?
Chi square Test.
Want to compare 2 groups of people, male and female for something, what test do you look at?
hue
Wavelength assoc with
working ( checked , true)
Wear on buccal of maxillary premolars due to, due to mandibular movement working or nonworking?
4 months in utero ( checked, true) Dentin p27 :calcification begins around 3.5-4 months in utero.
What age does fluoride incorporate into primary dentition?
tooth try-in
What appointment do you check for sibbilings and fricative sounds? - When verifying VDO - tooth try-in
I put everything EXCEPT 2 control groups. fer explanation: because neither the subject nor investigator knows which one is control or case group. it means we dont know case and control group
What are the qualities of a double blind study except?
Increase value,
What can't occur with the addition of stain? Increase value, decrease value, increase chroma, increase hue, decrease chroma
F and V
What can't the patient not say if upper anterior are too superior and forward for denture teeth?
b
What cannot be advertised by a general dentist? a. Cost b. Specialty c. License agreement
increase value,
What cant you change: hue, increase value, decrease value, change chroma
supracrestal (the given answer in the golden is transseptal which s not correct )
What causes rotation of a tooth after ortho therapy:
deema: according to the table in dd, small lymphocytes the first most and after bone marrow also Dentin p118
What cells are radiosensitive? Bone marrow cells, reproductive cells lymphoid cells, immature cells, intestine. **REMEMBER radioRESISTANT - salivary glands, kidney, liver
1.23
What conc of acidulated phosp fluoride is used in the dental office?
inadequate reduction of the inciso facial part of the tooth.
What could the reason be if you see opaque porcelain in the incisal third of the facial of the PFM crown:
Decrease water:powder ratio
What decreases setting time of Gypsum:
The depth of decay! true
What determine class 1 composite prep? -
Caries
What determines composite class 2 prep? Caries, Access
Their inability to overcome a conflict in a particular stage that will lead to anxiety. Inadequate resolution ->Anxiety (fer: resoution az resolve miad , yani nemitune resolve kone) Know this. will give you a point on your exam. What do Freud and the other guy say about anxiety? I put something about how it's a part of personality that must be controlled to be socially acceptable. According to Erikson, a child will go through each of these stages. In each stage, a child will go through a conflict. For example, from age 0 to 1.5, a child will struggle to create trust in their environment. If they fail to create this trust, they develop mistrust. The result of developing mistrust is an Inadequate Resolution. An inadequate resolution indicates a developmental problem. An inadequate resolution in this case would indicate a child's insecurity and anxiety. An Adequate Resolution would mean that a child was able to overcome the conflict in each stage a develop properly.
What do Freud and Erikson say about anxiety?
A. Fearful patients
What do general dentists report as being their biggest issue? A. Fearful patients B. Financial C. Staff training D. Dental skills
I put GI just because there a lot of caries but the other options were composite, amalgam and something else.
What do u place on a 75 yo patient with like 8 class v carious lesions?
Reporting an advertisement for a colleague
What do you Not report to the ADA?
- can't change the cement ratio mixture (true)
What do you not do if your crown doesn't fit?
B. GI ( checked and true)
What do you place on class V lesions? A. Composite B. GI C. Amalgam
Mean
What do you use for average Q? Mean, median, mode
Resin cement
What do you use to cement a veneer? • Resin cement • Polyacrylic
B
What does OSHA mandate in regards to hep b? • employers must take the vaccine • *employees have to take vaccine that are in contact with pt • Front office employees must take the vaccine
A most but all are correct.
What does dentist look at before placing palatal seal vip vibrating line, throat configuration, tension of tissue throat form, tissue type and fovea location
... Floroapitate that's acid resistance.
What does floride do?
hydroxyl
What does fluoride replace in hydroxyl appetite:
A vertical blur line
What does it look like on a pano when your patient moves during the pano? A vertical blur line horizontal defect.
Longer KVP, shorter Wavelenght, Higher energy
What does ma and kvp do?
Decreases value. ( mosby page 361 )true on dec
What does staining do for ceramics? Alters hue. Decreases value. Alters chroma.
Transseptal
What fibers cause reversement of a rotated tooth after ortho treatment?
true ( magic file table)
What happens if you increase water in gypsum stone? Less expansion and strength (b/c particles are farther apart)
late mesial shift helps flush terminal plane in primary change to class l in permanent system
What happens to cause class one from edge to edge- both mesial shift, only mand shift, only max shift
It affects their permanent teeth. (checked on Nov and true)
What happens when a kid with primary teeth ingests fluoride? -
ZOE + PMMA beads added to poweder to increase strength
What has been added to IRM:
CLASS 1
What has most stress on it? ( c factor)
Only incorporates pits of lesion
What indicates the design of composite class I preparation Only incorporates pits of lesion 2mm pulpal floor depth 45 degree bevel cavosurface Ortho
a.a. it is the angle that is formed by the non-working condyle and the sagittal plane during lateral movement
What is Bennett angle? a. it is the angle that is formed by the non-working condyle and the sagittal plane during lateral movement b. it is the angle that is formed by the condyle and the horizontal plane during protrusive movements. c. It is an difference in condylar inclination between protrusive and lateral movements d. It is the difference between in the condylar and incisal inclinations.
Hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull钻孔或刮入人类头骨
What is Trephination?环钻术？
saturation
What is chroma-
anxiety in the exmple of dentin p574: conditioned response is crying conditioned stimuls: an individual in a white coat.
What is conditioned response?条件反应 dentist chair anxiety
...Blue light is 410-490 with 470 peak ( yani in gozine 340-370) is wrong
What is false about LED vs halogen curing lights: a. blue light is 340-370 450-750
a nbde ace: Blue light is 410-490 with 470 peak
What is false about LED vs halogen curing lights: a. blue light is 340-370 450-750 52 b. battery powered/cordless LED is acceptable c. LED lasts longer than halogen d. something about a photoinitiator e. Blue light is not 340-370
...true
What is importance of light cured vs autocured in terms of shade balance; the less number of nitrates when you lightcure
Shade balance is good with light cure
What is importance of light cured vs autocured in terms of shade balance (question didn't make sense):
c
What is it called when a patient charges several procedures instead of one? a. upcoding b. downcoding c. unbundling d. bundlingD
C ( checked , true) 100% C is correct, checked on NOV
What is least likely to cause baby bottle caries? a. Breast milk at night b. Formula made with fluoridated water c. water with no fluoride d. juice
Environmentally Dependent, ( checked, True )
What is maturity: Environmentally dependent, environmentally independent
lateral abutment and central pontic
What is most damaging in canteliever:
muscle
What is most radio-resistant cell: Muscle nerve mature bone
gingival 1/3 of #19
What is not a class I cavity preparation? gingival 1/3 of #19, Lingual pit of #7, Lingual pit of #18
facilitates the use of water spray ( TRUE) checked on NOv and true
What is not an advantage of rubber dam when compared to not using it: Improved properties of materials , shortens operative time, facilitates the use of water spray
c. prevention of decay, ( checked on NOv, true)
What is not an indication for restoring class V abrafaction? a. sensitivity, b. esthetics, c. prevention of decay, d. prevention of further structure loss, e. restoring physiological contou
...3 ( comfirmed 100% sure ghaz )
What is not important for over denture? 1-Undercuts 2-Morphology of roots 3- clinical crown size,
...67
What is percentage of community water fluoridation- 67, 85, 35
67
What is percentage of community water fluoridation- 67, 85, 35
support
What is reason for the altered cast technique when doing an distal extension rpd : A. Support B. esthetics C. Retention d. resistanc
4
What is the EPA highest conc of natural fluoride in drinking water ?
Polyacrylic acid=liquig
What is the acid in glass ionomer? Polyacrylic acid-in durelon
Relation of the pontic to the supporting tissue ( true) also in dentin
What is the basis for classification of different F P D pontics:
...Addition silicon ( checked and true on dec ) dentin p 293: PVS or polyvinyl siloxane vps additional silicon: can poured up to one week excellent dimensional stability and very low permanent deformation most accurate
What is the best impression which give fine details with wet surface preparation Polyether Polysulfide Addition silicon Condition silicon
Finger springs.
What is the best method for tipping maxillary and mandibular Anterior teeth ?
given answer is pemissiveness Noor on Dec: B. Permissiveness. Developmental disabilities include autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, Down's Syndrome.
What is the best way to treat a developmentally disabled patient? Consistency Permissiveness
dentin p306: aluminosilicate powder and polycarboxylate liquid.
What is the composition of Glass Ionomers?
bacteria, refer to the next q
What is the least likely cause of sensitivity after composite placement?
...both
What is the main problem with class 2 composite- water constructions of material
C. Poly methyl methacrylate*
What is the material in reinforced IRM that give it strength A. amalgam powder B. Zinc phosphate C. Poly methyl methacrylate** D. Titanium powder
... Inhibit osteoclasts
What is the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates?
recurrent decay, checked and true
What is the most common reason that posterior composites need replacement?
grind the inside away since the other answer choices would be either impractical or not done at cementation
What is the most practical way to seat a casting at the time of cementation?
b
What is the name of the federal funded medical care for the elderly and its coverage? a. medicare wI dental coverage b. medicare w/o dental coverage. true c. medicaid wI dental coverage d. medicaid w/o dental coverage
2)Retain core
What is the point of putting a post on an endo treated tooth? 1) retain the build-up and restoration (not sure about the restoration part). 2)Retain core
Sets boundaries Aversive conditioning Dentin p575: a technique in which punishmnet , unpleasant or painful stimuli are used in the suppression of undesired behavior.
What is the purpouse of the voice control technique?
prevalence
What is the statistical measure for the total number of cases per population, regardless of time of onset?
Feldspathic ( checked on NOV, true) golden answer: pressed leucite, unless feldspathic dental porcelain was an answer ... Feldspathic porcelain <Leucite-reinforced ceramic< Castable glass <Glass-infiltrated alumina
What is the weakest porcelain?
feldspathic (ghaz notice that leucite is the second most weakest )
What is the weakest porcelain? pressed leucite, unless feldspathic dental porcelain was an answer
Dentin p279: Value: a color's brightness. the relative amount of lightness or darkness in a color.
What is value- black and white
stand deviations (answer) Note: Measures the typical or average deviation from the mean.
What most common form of standard deviation?
Masseter ( checked and true)
What muscle can u impinge on with denture?
Cohort
What parameter study lets you have a risk quotient?-
parallelism
What parts of tooth prep can be managed by operator: parallelism, surface area, length, circumference
66% sachino khafana answred : 65%
What percentage of americans have public fluoride in water: 66%, 85%, other lower numbers Update: CDC 2010 reports Americans have 79.6% water fluoridation.
White ( caucasians) true on nov
What race has most deep bites?
3: chlorhexidine ( also answer in golden )
What rinse is used at home for developmental disabled child to reduce of plaque: 1:NaF, 2:stannous fluoride, 3: chlorhexidine
INTRO (ABSTRACT)
What section states the purpose of the research?
Medicaid,
What sector of government provides funding for dental care? Medicaid, medicare
Mandibular foramen
What structure can you not see on a PA radiograph -Hamular process Visible -Mental Foramen Visible -Coronoid process Visible -Mandibular foramen
TB ( checked 100% sure on dec )
What test for every year? HepB TB
Chi-square
What test measures 2 nonparametric data:
functional cusp bevel ( resistance)checked and true
What to do to increase retention of the crown . (All are possible options, EXCEPT!)- options were - proximal boxes, buccal grooves, functional cusp bevel
Silver According to Mosbys, silver (Ag) is not considered noble; it is reactive and improves castability but can cause porcelain "greening."
What turns a PFM green?
false , it affects
What won't affect metal casting seated on master cast? ...Impression inaccuracies
.make sure patient can sign or has guardian,
What you do first before choosing informed consent: ......make sure patient can sign or has guardian, consult physician, discuss options with relatives
How many days each employee is allowed to work with that chemicals. true ( confirmed by noor )
Whats not found on the OSHA poster?-
the number of dental students in dental schools.
Whats not the reason for rising dental costs?-
not sure about 2 years but the other ones are correct Dentin p 578: child abuse most commonly involves newborns and children up to age 3 years.
Whats true about abuse cases? You'll see at least 2 a year.not sure about 2 years but the other is corrct Child abuse sign multiple untreated injuries lag time bt injury and tx comminuted facial fractures parents with different stories Most common in children under 3
B
When a nonrigid connector is used in a fixed partial denture, the path of insertion of the key into the keyway should be parallel to the path(s) of insertion of A. the retainer carrying the keyway. B. the retainer not involved with the keyway. C. both retainer
Are much stiffer
When compared to other materials, which of the following is the main disadvantage of using polyether elastomeric impression materials
needle recapping
When do most punctures occur? pre procedure, during, post-proceduring cleanup, needle recapping
Recapping ( in golden is in cleaning up but i checked on dec and Deema and most of people answered Recapping which make more sense) i go for Recapping, see the following q
When do you most likely to get puncture wounds? Setting up Recapping Cleaning up
When you have ditching at the margin ( true on Dec )
When do you replace class 2 composite? When you have ditching at the margin discoloration roughness
2 weeks later ( answer is golden )
When do you see microleakage with composite restoration done without rubber dam? Same amount of time as if done with rubber dam? 2 weeks later 2 months later
After ¾ root has been formed (through gingival) (2/3 erupts through bone!)
When does tooth start to emerge in the oral cavity?
contain to only pit and fissure caries
When doing a class 1 with composite what is the requirement:
( vertical 3 horizontal 5)
When looking at a patient from a vertical view, how many planes on their face 3 5 6 4
...Chemical change in pdl.
When moving with ortho what does not happen?
AFTER there has been a discussion w/ the dentist about the surgery
When should patient sign informed consent forms for surgery?
when giving factual values.
When should the dentist NOT use paraphrasing改述? When trying to speak to a patient in his second language, When the dentist is upset with what patient says, when giving factual values.
• height**
When soldering, what is the most important factor? • width • height** • etc..
Health of patient
When treating elderly patients what should be your concern?
Analyzing rod - True deema:Placing tripod marks on the cast to record orientation of the cast to the surveyor... Same idea if q in card 168 prosth)
When tx planning an RPD for a pt what is the first attachment placed on the serveyor?-
Working side When there is working side interface use BULL rule to do selective grinding to remove the interference
When will the bull rule be utilized with selective grinding?
fek konam hamun 2-3 weeks mohem hast
When will you bleach teeth in anterior veneer prep- before veneer prep, wait for 2-3 weeks, after preping veneer and then bleach, after cementing veneer and bleach
unbundle
When you charge for multiple codes when you actually did one thing
place proximal boxes and vertical grooves to increase retention deema said buccal grooves for retention
When you have a short crown for pfm:
value
When you have color index of 100, which of the following is effected?
dentin: internal
When you receive a crown back and want to seat it what is the first thing you check for? a. Shade (Aesthetics) or internal b. Proximal contacts c. Margins
look inside the crown(internal fit), contact, then margin Interna;contact, margin
When you want to cement crown, what is the sequence?,
Distal of mesial abutment (checked and true)
Where do you attach a non-rigid retainer from a FPD?
agar dar gozineha smooth surfaces nabud , entekhab ba interproxiaml hast. ama agar smooth surface bud entekhabesh mikonim
Where does fluoride work the best? A. interproximal** B. Pit and fissure **WORKS BEST ON SMOOTH SURFACES
Superio-anterio-Medial
Where to the condyles go in CR?-
Methods
Where would you look in a scientific journal to find the dependent and independent variables Intro Materials Methods ** Conclusion Summary
Answer-articular disc and condyle(hinge movenment)
Which anatomical components are responsible for rotation of the mandible?
History and clinical examination
Which are the two most imp. steps for diagnosis:
increase value
Which can you not do:
... lateral incisor as abutment with central incisor as pontic (larger root surface of pontic than abutment)
Which canteliever bridge would be most destructed of abutment tooth:
Tegdma ( low viscosity, more color stable)( checked in Nov and 100% correct)
Which composites have more color stability?
D ( checked,its true )
Which denture base is not light cured?? Pressure formed - Injectable molding - Some other type of molding - Pour or fluid resin technique
properational sachin: Piaget's four stagesof intellectual (or cognitive) development are: Sensorimotor. Birth through ages 18-24 months Preoperational. Toddlerhood (18-24 months) through early childhood (age 7) Concrete operational. Ages 7 to 12 Formal operational. Adolescence through adulthood 萨钦：皮亚杰的智力（或认知）发展的四个阶段是： 感觉运动。 18-24个月出生 预操作。 蹒跚学步（18-24个月）到童年（7岁） 具体操作。 7至12岁 正式运营。 青春期到成年
Which describes a stage in Piaget's model of congnitive development?
median.
Which does not describe the spread of data?
outermost shell
Which electron shell has highest power?
doubt list
Which example is not discussed in the HIPAA ethical privacy manual? Something about providing privacy information to patient and document, sending information over email and fax, idk
...Acidulated or APF ( checked on Nov and true)
Which fluoride is not found in toothpaste?
GI
Which indicated for high caries risk or multiple class Vs?
...feeling vulnerable
Which is NOT a reason for dentist becoming addicted: easy access to and knowledge of drugs feel the pressure to be perfect feeling vulnerable
Elder's abuse is often over reported and exaggerated.
Which is Not true of elder abuse: Most of the elder abuse is at victims home. mostly it is by victims relative. Elder's abuse is often over reported and exaggerated.
radiation 65 grays
Which is greater risk for ORN? IV bis for a year, radiation 65 grays
waters ( true)v
Which is most important to see the maxillary sinus xray: CT, occlusal, panaromic, MRI, Waters
• irreversible hydrocolloid*
Which is not recommended for final FPD impression? • irreversible hydrocolloid* • reversible hydrocolloid • PVS • Polyether
o Irreversible hydrocolloid
Which material cannot be used to get cast impression? o Reversible hydrocolloid o Irreversible hydrocolloid o Polysulfide o PVS
dry heat-320
Which method of sterilization needs higher temperature:
validity.有效性
Which of the following are necessary for a test to be accurate: Specificity, reliability,validity.
etch enamel with hydrofluoric acid.
Which of the following do you not do in cementation of a porcelain crown:
Chemical change.
Which of the following doesn't happen in PDL during ortho movement?
B
Which of the following explains why a properly designed rest on the lingual surface of a canine is preferred to a properly designed rest on the incisal surface? A. The enamel is thicker on the lingual surface. B. Less leverage is exerted against the tooth by the lingual rest. C. The visibility of, as well as access to, the lingual surface is better. D. The cingulum of the canine provides a natural surface for the recess.
Lateral Incisor-Central Incisor
Which of the following is not ideal abutment-pontic connection? - Lateral Incisor-Central Incisor (other choices, Central Incisor-Lateral Incisor, Canine-Lateral Incisor, etc)
polysulfide ( higher tensile strenght )
Which of the following is the best for tear strength - polysulfide / polyether
A ( i found this q in the group)
Which of the following methods decrease radiation exposure to patients? 1. Thyroid collar and lead apron. 2. Rectangular collimation. 3. High speed films. 4. High kilovoltage. A. (1) (2) (3) B. (1) and (3) C. (2) and (4) D. (4) only E. All of the above
B. Standard deviation
Which of the following represents the variability about the mean- value of a group of observations? A. Sensitivity B. Standard deviation C. t-Statistic D. Specificity
Supracrestal
Which of the following soft tissue elements (fibers) are commonly associated with tooth relapse following orthodontic rotation of teeth?
A. C-1 esterase
Which of the following systems is thought to malfunction in the hereditary form of angioneurotic edema? A. C-1 esterase B. C-1q inhibitor C. CH50 consumption D. Serine phosphatase E.Complement synthetase QUESTION: Alginate 100% humidity
ANALYTICAL ( observational ) epidemiology .
Which of the following used to determine ETIOLOGY OF DISEASE ?
Chi square test
Which of these tests are non-parametric?
Update it once a year!
Which one applies to OSHA guideline? -
golden answer: value sequence: VALUE, CHROMA, them HUE. also dentin p279
Which one can human eye see, hue vs value, vs chroma?
False. ( checked and confimred)
Which one is not reason for post-op sensitivity Class I comp? cusp deformation due to shrinkage force. T/F
PPO.
Which one is related to employee insurance, where you get a discount from the insurance and also you can go to a dentist of your preferance?
Polyether
Which one most likely to get stuck in mouth?
Aredia
Which one these IV bisph would be contraindicated for orthro?
gingival proximal, ( true on dec )
Which part of composite stains the most- gingival proximal, facial proximal, lingual proximal, occlusal
Mand occlusal works also Posterio-Anterior
Which radiograph would you use to view a fracture of the mandibular symphisis? Posterio-Anterior Mand occlusal works both .( Lateral oblique for fractures in angle, body and ramus)
hue ( checked , true)checked on Nov again and its true
Which represents position on the spectral wavelength?
hemopoitic bone marrow
Which structure is most radio sensitive:
Manufacturer
Who is in control of writing the material safety data sheet (MSDS):
AIDS pt. and accommodate the handicapped.
Who is protected under Americans with disabilities act?
States and the federal government share in the cost of Medicaid. States may pay health care providers directly on a fee-for-service basis or states may pay for Medicaid services through prepaid, capitated payments to health plans or other entities. Within federally imposed upper limits for certain services, each state has broad discretion to determine the payment method and payment rate for services. wiki:The Medicaid program is jointly funded by the federal government and states. The federal government pays states for a specified percentage of program expenditures, called the Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (FMAP). FMAP varies by state based on criteria such as per capita income.
Who pays MedicAid:
( my note on Dec: Medicare by federal goverment and medicaid by both federal and state) federal program that pays for covered health services for most people 65 years old and older and for most permanently disabled individuals under the age of 65. Medicare is funded by the Social Security Administration. Which means it's funded by taxpayers: We all pay 1.45% of our earnings into FICA - Federal Insurance Contributions Act - which go toward Medicare. Employers pay another 1.45%, bringing the total to 2.9%.
Who pays for MediCare:
more surface area
Why do you bevel when placing anterior composite? Beveling does everything except strong margin in composite
- staining
Why do you replace anterior composites
its expansion could cause cracking of porclain ( checked, true)
Why don't you use GI resin cement in cementation of all ceramic restoration?
- Discontinue Fosamax 1 week before procedure (that stuff stays in the system longer than that)
Why one is not true about a patient who takes Fosamax and will need an invasive procedure?
syneresis
With alginate in 100% humidity, why will shrinkange still occur? Imbibemnt, syneresis, historgysm
I put down for added retention bc I thought cements shouldn't be used for added retention (other choices, was to fill small openings at margin and something else)
With resin cement on all porcelain what is NOT the reason why you use it:
A. cements shouldn't be used for added retention, checked on group on Nov: cement does not cause retention. 100% sure
With resin cement on all porcelain what is NOT the reason why you use it: for added retention ... to fill small openings at margi
distal,
Xray taken from mesial of max 1st premolar, buccal root will be where? mesial, distal, occlusal
when oblique ridge is less than 1.5mm you involve it
You are doing a composite slot on mesial and distal of 1st molar, dds decided to connect by crossing the oblique ridge, why?
not confirmed
You did class II composite without rubber dam. When do you start having marginal leakage? 4-6wks, 6mo-1yr (something like that), same time as the one you did with rubber dam on, ??
significant malocclusion
You give patient maxillary denture and they come back with generalized soreness under the denture. no sore spots or anything visible clinically, what's causing this? allergy, significant malocclusion(gross occlusal misalignment)
...A
You have a Distal extension RPD and it rocks along the fulcrum, on both sides of the axis? 1. The denture base is not well adapted 2. Indirect retainers are not that retentive
Because the anterior guidance and the protrusive movements/clearance space was not properly calculated/maintained
You have a patient who wants an all porcelain on number 8 - the incisal edge keeps breaking off and u have to come in to repair, why does it keep breaking off?
Because the anteriorguidance and the protrusive movements ( true)
You have a patient who wants an all porcelain on number 8 - the incisal edge keeps breaking off and u have to come in to repair, why does it keep breaking off?
I said this means test is reliable
You have a test that is not accurate but gives consistent result:
space analysis
You have pano, what can't you do without intraoral photos?
- cognitive restructuring
You help a child help recognize what they are afraid of and make outward positive connection:
4 ( checked , true)
You increase the distance of the tube by 2 times the length, how much does the xray exposure decrease -
overbilling
You let patient not pay copay but you tell insurance that you charged the pt
a
You notice void on occlusal of cast. Crown will a. Fit on die and not on tooth b. Fit on tooth and not on die c. Fit on both d. Not fit on either
downcoding.
You performed a two surface restoration and coded it that way. Insurance came back with coding it as only one surface restoration. What is this called...
WRONG
You place a CaOH on the tooth for a direct pulp cap what is needed: placement of a liner
B) microleakage. is given answer which is not true i think
You place a conservative composite on a posterior tooth and the patient returns due to sensitivity. What is the most likely reason? 1.Putting large amount of comp while filling, 2.microleakage, 3.trauma to dentin during preparation, 4. Etch causing pulpal pain, bacteria, gap, cuspal
social services.
You suspect child abuse. Who do you call?
32 seconds If we double Pid , so the exposure time increase by 4.. So 8*4=32
You take an xray at a certain mA, KvP and exposure time is 8 seconds when the beam is 10 inches away. What if everything were the same except the beam was 20 inches away? I put quadruple the exposure time
Specificity
You were looking for a disease in a study, disease was not present, what's this called? -!
b
You work at a HMO office and the patient has used up all his yearly benefits, what can you do? a. still accept the same fee under the HMOs b. Charge your regular fee like you would for cash pt
to see if the means of two groups are statistically different. If the variances like standard deviation are known. ' Large sample size.
Z test:
good biological seal ( checked on Nov and true)
Zinc eugenol good temp filling: gives a good bacterial seal, high compressive strength, high tensile strength, good biological seal
D ( all true)
Zinc phosphate cement is used as luting agent : the initial acidity may elicit a traumatic response if... a. Only a thin layer of dentin is left btwn cement and pulp b. very thin mix of cement is used c. tooth has already a previous traumatic injury d. No cavity varnish is used A. a, c, & d B. a or d54 C. b only D. all of the above
this might also cause pulp sensitivity
Zinc phosphate pH is is 3.5, what is the significance of that?
internal resorption shows all BUT - radiography is symmetrical with the pulp space, can resorb all the way to the PDL, a treatment option is observe until resorption stops, resorb to create pink tooth
a treatment option is observe until resorption stops
lateral periodontal abscess is best differentiated from the acute apical abscess by? a-pulp testing b.radiographic appearance c.probing patterns
a-pulp testing
There usually is no lesion apparent radiographically in acute apical periodontitis. However, histologically bone destruction has been noted. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false. c. First statement is true, second is false. d. First statement is false, second is true.
a. Both statements are true
Vertical root fractures are also called cracked teeth. The prognosis of cracked teeth varies with extent and depth of crack. a. Both statements are true b. Both statements are false. c. First statement is true, second is false. d. First statement is false, second is true.
a. Both statements are true --I think it is B..cracked tooth syndrome is different than VRF..prognosis of all VRF is bad and requires EXT
least likely cause for failed RCT a. GP beyond apex b. clean & shaping no good c. obturation no good
a. GP beyond apex---causes of failure 1) insufficient canal debridement 2) insufficient obuturation/leakage.
the proof with employee signature must be avaliable.
according to OSHA guildline, if an employee doesn't want to be vaccinated then:
Which of the following is not a property of gutta-percha . radiopacity, Biocompatibility, Antibacterial, Adaptation?
adaptation
conserve tooth structure
advantage of gold on occlusal (crown)
esthetics
advantage of porcelain > gold
no tx
after endo is completed, what tx would you provide for the sinus tract of that tooth?
spherical
amalgam type- LARGE condensor w/ LATERAL condensation?
0.5mm into DEJ
amalgam- axial pulp should be?
color change
an anterior composite placed 10 years ago without caries what is the most common reason to make a new one : color change
PO (pulpotomy)
any other primary tooth w/ no furca... tx?
PO
any other primary tooth w/ no furcation...
define: Create an apical barrier in a necrotic tooth with an open apex.
apexification Induce a calcified apical barrier by placing dense calcium hydroxide paste after the instrumentation. Canals are obturated when barrier is formed in 3-6 months. Placement of an artificial apical barrier, such as MTA, prior to obturation. This method, can be completed in a day or two, appropriate when patient compliance or long-term follow-up care is questionable.
pt comes to you and theres non vital tooth with open apex
apexification NONVITAL
the process of induced root dev or apical closure of the root by hard tissue deposition.. NONVITAL
apexification:
Tx for Traumatic pulp exposure on max incisor that root has not completed formation?
apexogenesis
Vital pulp therapy performed to allow continued physiologic development and formation of the root.
apexogenesis Place calcium hydroxide over the radicular pulp stump. Recall every 3 months to check for the pulpal status. RCT is indicated when the root development is completed.
If a tooth with previous endodontic treatment becomes reinfected, it is best to retreat it conventionally by removing the filling material, debride the canals, and refill. However, if it has a post what do you do?
apical curettage, apicoectomy, then retrofit
you do apical surgery in all of the following scenarios except : When an apical portion of canal cannot be cleaned, persistent apical pathology after RCT, apical fracture, overextension of material interferes with healing.
apical fracture
Taurodontism has enlarged pulp chamber in which direction? apical, occlusal or apical AND occlusal?
apically
2% sodium fluoride for 20 min
avulsed tooth should be treated w/ what to reduce root resorption?
splint 1-2 wks (7-10 days)
avulsed tooth tx...
MTA
avulsed tooth w/ open apex, how to close it?
converge
axial walls in inlay/ onlay preps .....
If you have pain, what would be the hardest to anesthetize? a. Irreversible pulpitis and maxillary b. Irreversible pulpitis and mandibular c. Necrotic pulp and maxillary d. Necrotic pulp and mandibular
b. Irreversible pulpitis and mandibular "When irreversible pulpitis is a factor, the teeth that are most difficult to anesthetize are the mandibular molars, followed by the mandibular premolars, the maxillary molars and premolars, and the mandibular anterior teeth. The fewest problems arise in the maxillary anterior teeth." Hargreaves,
What is the clinical 'hallmark' of a chronic periradicular abscess? a. Large periradicular lesion b. Sinus tract drainage c. Granulation tissue in the periapex. d. Cyst formation.
b. Sinus tract drainage
why do you do triangular access on incisors (max central inccisor?) a. to help with straight line access b. help expose pulp horn c. to follow the shape of the crown
b. help expose pulp horn
differential diagnosis of periodontal abscess and periradiculal abscess? a.percussion b. vitality test c.palpation
b. vitality test
radiographically the acute apical abscess a. is generally of larger size than other lesions b.may not be evident c.has more diffuse margins than other lesion
b.may not be evident
ENDO
back to...
Pt with an endo in a molar tooth, after one year a cyst form, the tooth was extracted, after another year the cyst was bigger what happened :
bad endo, the dentist did not curettage well when the extraction was done
use for FPDs/ long span bridges
base metal > gold
90% *by 30 min --> 50%
before 15 min, what is success rate of avulsed tooth?
checked 7 right
bennett shift mainly on: lateral movement or working side
pt. w/ low caries risk
best case to use an inlay
soft spot (visual and tactile)
best clinical indicator of root caries
percussion
best method to test newly erupted primary teeth
vital pulp w/ no PA abscess
best prognosis for broken instrument @ apical 1/3
perforating internal resorption
best prognosis/ least likely to result in endo failure
in the answer the guy say that if there wasnt Waters among the answer choose CT.
best radiograph for max sinus problem - waters (CT)
Hanks balanced salt solution
best substance to place avulsed tooth in?
...submento vertax
best view for zygomatic arches:
...CBCT. waters wasnt there
best way to diagnosis sinus problems:
more surface area.
beveling in acid etching composite for....
cause of grey tooth? blood products in the dentinal tubules internal resorption external resorption calcified canal
blood products in the dentinal tubules
Lactobacillus
bug involved w/ caries PROGRESSION
245
bur for peds
#169 (if not pick 245)/ tapered @ 0.9 diameter
bur that CONVERGES F and L walls
Steel
bur used to polish
What complete endodontic diagnosis could be completely asymptomatic but should require endodontic therapy? a. Pulpal necrosis and acute periradicular periodontitis b. Normal pulp and acute periradicular periodontitis. c. Pulpal necrosis and chronic periradicular periodontitis. d. Normal pulp and normal periapex
c. Pulpal necrosis and chronic periradicular periodontitis.
all are advantages of using nickel titanium endo files over regular steel files except? a. flexibility b. bending memory c. direction of the flutes
c. direction of the flutes
Which of the following is not an advantage of Ni-Ti over stainless steel file? a. Maintains the shape of canal, b. flexibility, c. resistance to fracture.
c. resistance to fracture.
which teeth do you perform pulp eval on? a. tooth only b. tooth and neighboring teeth---? c. tooth, neighboring teeth, contralateral tooth d. tooth, neighboring teeth, opposing tooth
c. tooth, neighboring teeth, contralateral tooth
Why is calcium hydroxide contraindicated in child pulpotomies (in a PEDS tooth)?
calcium hydroxide is contraindicated in pulpotomy in a child because it causes irritation leading to resorption in primary teeth
Chi-square
calculating for a non-paramater....what test would you use? Chi-square, normal distrubition, spearman, wilcoxin, kruskal wallis
that's true . it is antirotation
cast post and core - you put extra slit - what is that for? prevent rotation
thermal
causes displacement of odontoblastic process/ nuclei
enamel/ porcelain/ zirconia????- don't know!
causes greatest wear on enamel?
porcelain
causes greatest wear on opposing tooth?
darker (black), harder, more resistant to acid
characteristic of Remineralized (arrested) Enamel
PO
child has caries exposure on primary 1st molar... tx?
nitrous oxide
child with fear is best treated with :
chisel- cut enamel spoon- remove caries, carve amalgam
chisel vs. spoon
necrotic pulp *chronic apical abscess will have sinus tract
chronic apical abscess indicates...
anerobes
chronic endo lesions bacteria
-remove 1mm prep and add more composite checked and true
class 3 extends to facial. The restoration is pigmented but margins are perfectly sealed, however they have bad color. What should you do?
B/ L walls CONVERGE
class II amalgam prep occlusal wall inclination
composite
class III on canine.. worst restorative material?
- pain (as in, you see dentist, you assume pain is coming. Denti p574: Classical conditioning ( Pavlovain or respondent conditioning ) a mechanism by which behavioral responses are learned.OPERATES BY ASSOCIATING ONE STIMULUS WITH ANOTHER. A stimulus leads t response. if individulas in white coats give painful injections that cause crying, the sight of an individual in a white coat soon may provoke a crying outburst. if this is not reinforced, the conditioned response will no longer occur ( extinction of the conditioned behavior)
classic condition, which is an example?经典的条件，这是一个例子？
Biggest reason for failure of RCT
cleaning of the canals --Mosby's says cornal seal (Blake)
How does a tooth covered with crown react to pulp testing
cold is better test (thermal)
A. Value
complementary color that changes ? Old TQ
orange ( checked and true)
complementary color used to change-
pulpal necrosis & chronic periradicular periodontitis
completely asymptomatic endo dx that NEEDS RCT
A confounding variable, also known as a third variable or a mediator variable, can adversely affect the relation between the independent variable and dependent variable. This may cause the researcher to analyze the results incorrectly. The results may show a false correlation between the dependent and independent variables, leading to an incorrect rejection of the null hypothesis
confounding variants?
Case, selection, isolation
consideration for a class I posterior composite restoration :
desentisization.
constantly exposing the pt to get from the fear factor is--
Gamma 2 (tin-mercury)
corrosive phase of amalgam
Patient get pain every now and then on a tooth when he eats meal, what is causing this?
cracked tooth syndrome
extracoronal restoration,
cracked tooth with no pulpal involvement, what is the treatment? extracoronal restoration, occlusion reduction, amalgam with adhesive.
Patient comes back few months after RCT & Crown with pain upon biting, what happened?
cracked tooth, hypersensitivity
When does transillumiator show evenly through tooth: craze line, crack, fracture from crown to root?
craze line
Interference in protrusion? & working interference
crown of inferior molar has a wear facet in porcelain on the mb inclination of MB cusp. Most likely associated with? Interference in protrusion? & working interference
400
curing light intensity:
A periradicular radiolucent lesion of endodontic origin on the radiograph may be any of these histological diagnoses except one. Mark this exception. a. A cyst b. A granuloma c. An Abscess d. Dentigerous cyst
d. Dentigerous cyst
corrosion
deep amalgam w/ overhang, looks really bad.. why?
decayed EXTRACTED filled Surfaces/ *primary
defs
decayed EXTRACTED filled Teeth/ *primary
deft
contact dermatitis
denstist who work with HEMA( composite) can have what kinda complication.?
What will not regenerate after RCT: dentin formation, cementum, PDL, alveolar bone
dentin formation
dentin: correct by reducing the BUCCAL SURFACE of the offending MANDIBULAR tooth to create additional horizontaL OVERLAP.
dentin page 264: how to correct DECREASED VDO which cause CHEEK BITING?
vulnerability
dentist and drug abuse. all are true except: high stress, perfectionist personality, vulnerability, knowledge and access to drugs
incidence
dentist in his clinic notice new diseases this is ?
0.8
diameter of 245 bur
indirect
direct and indirect composite, which one makes a better seal?
calcium hydroxide liner and a glass ionomer base
direct pulp cap- do you put 2mm of calcium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide liner and a glass ionomer base
Primary purpose of sodium hypochlorite?
dissolve necrotic tissue ***Sodium hypochlorite NaOCl is NOT a chelator, (it dissolves organic tissue)
incorrect
do EPT for traumatic tooth (correct/ incorrect)
apical fx
do apico surgery except? (when apical portion cant be cleaned/ persistent apical patholoy after RCT/ apical fx/ overextension of material inferfers w/ healing)
Avulsed tooth, extraoral time was less than 60 mins, primary tooth, what you do?
don't put it back
primary teeth
don't use EPT on...
...Dentin p 585: DOUBLE BLIND STUDY: a study where both subjects and researcher are unware of which subjects belong to the experimental group or the control group to precent researcher and subject bias. best study method to prevent bias. ias 谁也不知道， 为了防止Bias wiki: A double-blind study is one in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving a particular treatment. This procedure is utilized to prevent bias in research results. Double-blind studies are particularly useful for preventing bias due to demand characteristics or the placebo effect
double blind q, except - you need 2 controls (you don't)
change in enamel opacity
earliest clinical sign of a carious lesion
centrals and molars
early childhood caries affects?
E. Porcelain (checked and true on nov, porcelain is most abrasive )
edit of above:Which of the following will not good against enamel ? A. Hybrid resins B. Enamel C. Amalgam D. Unfilled resins E. Porcelain
golden says A but in DD and also some in group said C .
edition of above question:Applying Fluoride (APF) on GI cement what happens : A. dissolves it B. stains it C. roughens it
Yield
effects burnish ability in gold
stainless steal, Ni-Ti
endo file types
The used data is of group of patients diagnosed with peptic ulcer. The other group is patients with other disorders. These 2 groups are analyzed - Cohort. And the years range is given - Historical data.
explanation for above question:
remove necrotic tissue, obturate, place CaOH
external inflammatory root resorption tx (non-vital tooth) ??
Reason for failure of replantation of avulsed tooth, external resorption or internal resorption
external resorption
Consistency
factor for smooth surface caries and sugar in-take
TYPE II error if P is more than 0.05 its type 2 accept, if its less than 0.05 its type 1 error reject. type 1 is false accepting and type 2 is false rejecting
fail to reject, what null?
A lesion of non-endodontic origin remains at the apex of the suspected tooth regardless of X- ray cone angulations. a. True b. False
false
incise & drain (find w/ GP), Rx, wait to do RCT @ later date
first thing to do w/ periapical abscess
True
fluoride supplementation for a city determined by temperature T/F
internal fit
for a crown try in what would check first :
internal fit (true on Dec )
for a crown try in what would check first :
Most common medication for pulpectomy/pulpotomy?
foromcresol
How many canals do you expect in primary M2?
four
0.5
from group:4 yr old lives in community with .28 ppm: systemic fluoride supplement, prescription fluoride rinse 0.25 0.5 1 2
7-10 days (1-2 wks)
fx @ apical 1/3... how long to splint for?
Fun- 1.5mm NonFun- 1mm
gold crown cusp reduction
divergent walls (2-5 degree per wall)/ 30 degree bevel margins/ extend skirt beyond line angle
gold inlay/ onlay
ductility
gold's ability to be worked into different shapes
Periapical lesion biopsied after apicoectomy of RCT treated tooth, tooth still sensitive tooth, with neutrophils, plasma cells, nonkeratanized stratified epithelieum (islands of), and fibrous connective tissue, what is it? → abcess, granuloma, cyst,
granuloma
pulpal bleeding
grey/ discolored tooth cause
Best substance to place avulsed tooth?
hank's solution (na, K,calcium plus glucose) if not milk.
w/ irreversible pulpitis and mandibular
hardest area to anesthesie when in pain
irreversible pulp
heat and lingering pain
splint, monitor, re-evaluation @ later time
horizontal root fx in apical 1/3.. best tx?
15,80
how do you bevel occlusal floor
decrease kvp increase mA
how do you change from a low contrast (longer scale of contrast) to a high contrast (shorter scale) without changing density: increase mA and kvp, decrease mA and kvp, increase kvp decrease mA, decrease kvp increase mA
Hydrolysis of water molecules
how does x-rays primarily damage cells:
1mm into dentin
how far to extend pulpal floor in class I amalgam prep on primary tooth?
1 mg
how many mg of fluoride in 1 liter of water at 1 ppm :
Dentin p 289: MUST leave at least 4mm of gutta-percha
how should prep for cast post?
Vitality
how to distinguish Apical Abscess (periradicular) and Periodontal Abscess (lateral)?
percussion
how to dx acute periradicular (apical) periodontitis
large/ long bur @ periphery, then move towards center/ deepest
how to excavate deep caries
...people say 3 more
if a dentist notices a large but acceptable composite is too light a few weeks after placing it, what should he do? 1. stain composite 2. veneer 3. replacement 4. add more composite
pH of 5.5 for 5 min
if a tooth has a closed apex, immerse in 2.4% sodium fluoride w/ pH ____ for how many minutes?
poor shade selection
if patient has ging 1/3 translucent of a pontic: prob because of poor shade selection
...also recent rq: Dentin p113: Radiopaque structures & Dense Materials: Metal, enamel, dentin, bone t on the processed fim. Less radiation penetrates the structure and reaches the film.
if something is a structure in mouth thick - it absorbs more radiation, appears more radio-opaque on xray
does not seat
if you have a bubble in an impression for a crown that is not visible what is going to happen with the crown when comes from the lab and you try to seated in the mouth
digital 75% less radiation exposure
igital X-rays less exposure from d-films digital 50% less radiation exposure digital 75% less radiation exposure
A ( checked and true) Dentin p 292: IMBIBITION can occur ( the impressions absorb water and expands ) SYNERESIS= shrinkage occurs in alginate impressions even when placed under 100%relative humidity
imbibition and syneresis affect which one the most a. reversible hydrocolloid---- b. impression compound c. polysulfide d. silicone
Children's Health Insurance Program.
in 1997 there was a program which stated that all children needed dental coverage (even with no insurance ):
in the furcation
in a primary tooth apical infection the first radiographic sign is where?
In a primary tooth apical infection the first radigraphic sign is where?
in the furcation
Resistance form
increasing intercuspal space affects __________ form?
can disrupt ameloblastic layer of permanent successor OR spread infection
infection in primary tooth spreads down to permanent, how will permanent tooth be affected?
A ( checked on dec and true)
insurance question about adverse selection (adverse selection deals with the idea that those at higher risk are more likely to buy an insurance policy.逆向选择（逆向选择涉及这样的想法，那些处于较高风险的人更有可能购买保险单。 If the price for the policy is the same for non smokers and smokers, it is more likely that smokers will buy the insurance, because it is more "worth it" to them—because they are at higher risk for disease. This is adverse to the insurer. So the prices need to be different. • only take pt with high risk • only take pt with low risk • take both • something about taking pt of all ages
RCT
internal resorption tx
apex @ DEJ
interproximal caries (DEJ)
reposition and splint
intrusion of permanent teeth... tx?
96%
intrusive trauma pulp necrosis, what % is rate of pulp necrosis?
specificity
investigator finds patients that don't have a disease:
apexification
irreversible pulpitis w/ open apex
when the heat apply to tooth, lingering pain for several minutes:
irreversiblee pulpitis
chronic/ asymptomatic apical periodontitis
is an apical RL that has been present for a long time w/ NO symptoms or sinus tract associated w/... (necrotic pulp/ asym apical periodontitis)
vertical root fx
isolated pocket = indication of?
short extra oral dry time AND proper storage medium
key factors for avulsion success
photoelectric effect
know how xrays interact with matter: photoelectric effect In the photoelectric effect, electrons are emitted from matter (metals and non-metallic solids, liquids or gases) as a consequence of their absorption of energy from electromagnetic radiation of very short wavelength and high frequency, such as ultraviolet radiation. Electrons emitted in this manner may be referred to as photoelectrons. X ray photon interacts with an orbital electron, all of the energy of the photo is absorbed by the displaced electron in the form of kinetic energy
mesial inclination of molar
least important factor when referring to endo? (dilacerations/ calcifications/ inability to achieve anesthesia/ mesial inclination of molar)
EPT
least reliable test of primary tooth
... due to incorrect milliamperage (too low) or exposure (too short), incorrect focal-film distance, cone too far from the patient's face film is placed backwards.
light films (underexposed/image not dense enough):
irreversible pulp and acute apical abscess
lingering pain to cold and percussion +
PE
little girl w/ ALL, RL in furca of primary 2nd molar... tx?
better marginal adaptation - best answer among the options
main advantage of doing direct composite over composite onlay? a. less shrinkage-Ive seen this in other tests b. better marginal adaptation - best answer among the options c. greater hardness and wear resistance
deform under loading
main disadvantage of gold inlay
formed by incisal edges of the maxilallary incisors and lower lip.
making F sound ( page 274 Dentin) F & V LABIODENTAL sounds:
Vertical Root Fracture is most likely found?
mand posteriors
Trapezoid
mandibular 1st molar access
triangle
max 1st molar access
enters dentin and binds to denatured collagen (this distinguishes between infected/ affected dentin)
mechanism of caries indicator
There is a study that shows there is extraradicular plaque in an infected tooth what does this mean the Dentist might need to do
mechanochemical irrigation and debridement of the canal vs doing surgical endo (apicoectomy)
Distal of MB CUSP
mesial angle of the L of maxillary second molar occludes with what on the mand 2nd molar.?
Which of the following least important factor in referring an endo case to specialist? Dilacerations, calcifications, inability to obtain adequate anesthesia, mesial inclination of a molar?
mesial inclination of a molar
2 mm ( DMA) also asda: 2mm
minimum incisal reduction in anterior PFM :
i'm not sure it is true or not
minimum metal thickness of 1.5 mm for functional cusp & 1 mm for nonfunctional 2 mm for porcelain
Boy has horizontal root fracture in apical 3rd, no symptoms or mobility, what tx? Monitor, RCT, extract, pulpotomy, splint
monitor
increase smoothness, decreases cutting efficiency
more blades on carbide bur =
cohort RISK factors in each subject that may have predicted the subsequent outcome.
mosbey page 386: in the retrospective section:
under capitation, the dentist is paid a FIXED AMOUNT ( usually on a monthly basis)directly by the capiation plan. For this periodic per capita payment, the dentist agrees to provide specified dental services for patients who present and who are assigned to him or her by the capiation plan. this plan provides dentist with: predictable income influx of new patients control the type and frequency of services provided.
mosby by ghaz: Capitation:
isthmus
most common fx in class II amalgam occurs where?
Foromcresol
most common medication for PE/PO?
heat
most common pulp damage from cavity prep
inadequate prep DEPTH/ design
most common reason for failed amalgam
remaining dentin thickness (2mm)
most critical for pulpal protection
refined sugar
most important etiologic factor in getting caries
time
most important factor for avulsed tooth
value
most important:
Pit & Fissure
most prevalent/ common site of enamel caries
a. barium and zirconium glass
most radioopaque in porcelain a. barium and zirconium glass b. silica c. quartz
ROOT caries
most recent INCREASE in caries is seen in?
percussion
most reliable test of primary tooth
Type IV (4)
most rigid and hardest metal
Methyl Mercury (organic mercury)
most toxic mercury (Hg), hazardous to dentist health
Chronic periradicular abscess indicates what?
necrotic pulp
5yrs old patient, he fell down 2 months ago, and hit his #E when he fell down, the tooth is now discolored, what do you suspect? Same patient as above, there is a red swollen lesion on the gingival of tooth #E, what is most likely be? Same kid from above, What do you recommend for this tooth?
necrotic pulp sinus tract EXT
A tooth is not responsive to cold, not to percussion, and palpation is tender:
necrotic pulp and chronic apical periodontitis.
If tooth is avulsed do you rinse with water?
no -rinse the POCKET with saline to remove the clot
Do you do EPT for traumatic teeth?
no yes..but it may not be reliable
What (further?) treatment is required with tooth with draining sinus tract has been treated via RCT?
no further treatment is indicated
Does gutta percha adapt to tooth?
no it needs sealer --I think they are confused...it DOES adapt to the tooth with compression. It does not ADHERE to dentin. Also, w/o sealer it will not SEAL
apexification
non vital tooth w/ open apex
necrotic and chronic apical periodontitis
not responsive to cold or percussion, palpation is +
Above 60 gys
o get osteoradionecrosis radiation dose must be Above 50 gys Above 60 gys
If two cavities were thought to be two separate fillings but upon exam it was a crack through the isthmus. What do we tx this symptomless crack with?
observe
apex @ occlusal
occlusal caries (DEJ)
Crown cemented two weeks ago is sensitive to pressure and cold, why?
occlusal trauma
E. The occlusal forces over the inclined ramus would dislodge the mandibular denture.
on it or because it dislodges the denture QUESTION: Which of the following explains why mandibular molars should NOT be placed over the ascending area of the mandible? A. The denture base ends where the ramus ascends. B. The molars would interfere with the retromolar pad. C. The teeth in this area would encroach on the tongue space. D. The teeth in this area would interfere with the action of the masseter muscle. E. The occlusal forces over the inclined ramus would dislodge the mandibular denture.
done in one appointment
only advantage of resin over porcelain :
A patient has a non vital tooth and a fistula is draining around gingival sulcus. What to do endo and perio at same time perio and then endo only endo only perio
only endo
2mm
optimal depth of pinhole in dentin
hue. ( dentin page 279)
orange colour is added to change chroma or hue?
Removable
ortho for kid with very poor oral hygene what treatment to do?
not sure
osteoradionecrosis: underdeveloped film
decreases setting expansion and time, increases compressive strength
over triturating amalgam does what??
1: abutment teeth 2: the residual ridge 3:subadjacent tissues 4:Fibrous C.T. overlying alveolar process
p230 Dentin: Class l & ll RPDs are suppoeted by :
If tooth has closed apex and has been out of the mouth for more than 60 min, immerse tooth in 2.4% sodium fluoride solution with what pH for how many minutes?
pH of 5.5 for 5 min...
*** a RIGID components that connects the major connector ( RPD base ) to the other components( direct retainers, indirect retainers) ***STABILIZING components to the rest of denture.
page 230 dentin: Minor connectors
b. heightened sense of lights and Side note: Children with autism are easily overwhelmed by sensory overload. This can cause "stimming" (flapping of arms, rocking, screaming, etc舔手臂，摇摆，尖叫). Autistic children are hypersensitive to loud noises, sudden movement, and things that are felt.
patients with autism will usually show? a. decreased rate of caries b. heightened sense of lights and sounds c. the compassion to interact with people Children with autism are easily overwhelmed by sensory overload. This can cause "stimming" (flapping of arms, rocking, screaming, etc). Autistic children are hypersensitive to loud noises, sudden movement, and things that are felt.
The best method to endo test newly erupted primary teeth?
percussion
test performed to differentiate endo vs. perio lesions :
percussion --must specify LATERAL percussion..otherwise a better answer is EPT
least likely to result in endo failure? overfilling with gutta percha, inadequate either obturation or cleaning and shaping (can't remember), lateral root resorption, perforating internal resorption
perforating internal resorption --??
Pulp vitality testing. Difference between perio and endo periapical lesions. Best prognosis - perio started from endo, or endo started from perio?
perio started from endo
PERIO started from ENDO
perio/ endo lesion BEST PROGNOSIS?
caused by Internal Resorption
pink tooth mummery
- 2mm into dentin - 2mm into amalgam - 1mm from DEJ (to be safe) *no bends in pins *parallel placement
pins should be placed..
caries extent
prep shape for composite is determined by
ext
primary 1st M w/ furca ... tx?
necrotic --> ext
primary 1st w/ furcation involvement...
PE (pulpectomy)
primary 2nd M w/ furca (but is restorable)... tx?
PE
primary 2nd w. furcation but restorable....
this is OBSERVE for sure. Deema brough an reference from dental decks that for boards just pick OBSERVE
primary anterior tooth intruded 5mm-How would you treat it? • Extract • Splint • Ortho-bring it down observe
necrotic pulp
prolonged, unstimulated night pain suggests...
1.5mm (245= 3mm length)
proper pulpal floor depth w/ 245?
Retention grooves (prevents displacement)
proximal RETENTION form in class II amalgam
borderline边缘 mohammad noor:borderline personality disorder --- is impressed very fast irrationally, gets irrationally upset when high expectations not met. That is why changed so many, very soon she will move over you and will tell next dentist how bad you were.边缘性人格障碍---非理性地非常快速地被打动，当没有达到高期望时，会非理性地打乱。 这就是为什么改变了这么多，很快她会移动你，并告诉下一个牙医你是多么糟糕。 paranoid is getting suspicious about everyone and everything.偏执狂对每个人和所有事情都怀疑。
pt comes in saying she's been to 5 different dentists the last 6 months. A few mins later she's telling you how great of a dentist you are and that she'll refer all of her friends to you. What mental condition she is suffering from? This example is...schizo, narcissistic, paranoid
SOME SAY THAT CAUSE ITS MARGINAL RELACE
pt complains of a marginal stain on #8, what do you do? i REPLACED POLISH
Incision & Drainage
pt has composite restoration with severe pain with localized swelling----
Osteonecrosis
pt taking bisphosphonates for 1yr IV, highest risk during dental tx?
RMGI
pt. comes in and has a lot of class 5 caries-
irreversible pulpitis/ symptomatic (acute) apical periodontitis
pt. has tooth sensitivity that lingers w/ thermal testing and tests + to percussion... dx?
cracked tooth/ vertical root fx
pt. in pain after RCT, post, crown -- cause?
occlusal trauma/ hyperocclusion
pt. in pain after recent crown cemented, pressure/ cold sensitive-- cause?
Galvanic Shock Sensitivity
pt. in severe pain in area w/ teeth opposing dissimilar metals--> cause?
causes pulpal necrosis... RCT necessary
pt. intrudes mature max incisor, trauma casuses deep intrusion to a permanent tooth...
what can you diagnose with the EPT test?
pulpal necrosis
necrotic pulp
pulpal pain only at night w/ no stimulation
What treatment? If it's a primary 2nd, furcation, but restorable
pulpectomy
7 yr old boy has vital exposure of tooth 1st perm max molar. What do you do for treatment.
pulpotomy
What treatment? If its any other primary tooth no furcation:
pulpotomy
ratio
pulse n bp what kind of measurement -
PVS
question made by myself: most stable impression material: 1: PVS 2: polysulfide
Answer-centric relation=the most anterior and superior position of the mandibular condyles within glenoid fossa (ligamnet guided position). Centric occlusion=maximum intercusspation of opposing arches(tooth guided)* this creates VDO.
question-Centric Relation and Centric Occlusion?
Answer-right non-working interference or left working interface Right Non-working interference.... because those aforementioned inclines are involved in the left laterotrusive (working) and right mediotrusive (balancing/non-working) interference, as shown in the image. The inclines involved in protrusive interference are always mesial and distal inclines.
questions on nonworking interference. wear facets on lingual incline of mx lingual cusp and facial incline of md facial cusp on left side. pt has : left nonworking interference, protrusive interference, right nonworking interference, etc
Hispanic (Highest- H-H)
race for kids w/ highest caries incidence?
Blacks
race that has the most number of UNRESTORED caries?
external resorption
reason for failure of replantation of avulsed tooth (internal/ external resorption)
treatment for horizontal root fracture?
reduce and immobilize
silane
repairing porcelain veneer with composite microetch, etch, silane, resin
When you replant teeth, what will happen
replacement resorption
when a tooth is ankylosed what type of resorption?
replacement resorption
replacement resorption
replanted tooth--> ankylosed tooth--> ...?
Intrusion tx of permanent teeth
reposition and splint
tertiary amine
resin activator:
treatment for horizontal root fractures?
rigid splint for 3 months--if CORONAL --If mid root, splint for 2-3 weeks..if apical you can observe
False
rinse tooth with water if it comes out (T/F)
200,000
rotary hand instrument rpm?
sinus tract
same pt. as above --> red swollen lesion on gingival tooth of E, what is it?
Answer is the first one bc it did not say anything about osteoRADIOnecrosis. You get necrosis due to the bisphosphonates.
scenario about a patient who is taking bisphosphonates and gets osteonecrosis of the jaw. a. Osteonecrosis without radiation b. Osteonecrosis with radiation
Good way to diagnose acute periradicular periodontitis -
sensitive to percussion
sick people
sensitivity=
conical
smooth caries (DEJ)
Treatment for extrusion?
splint 2-3 weeks
1-2 wks (7-10 days)
splinting for avulsed tooth
STEAM heat
sterilization method most destructive to burs *most effective method
DRY heat
sterilization method that doesn't corrode instruments/ burs
analytic analytical (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort)al
study how do you find causation?
RCT and crown
supra-erupted molar w/ irreversible pulpitis, tx?
****A is correct ***one side loose its due to indirect retainer, both side its thin flanges bases
t complains "it feels loose" from a new BILATERAL distal extension RPD. Why? A)Thin flanges bases, B)Occlusion ,C) Indirect retainer
Angioedema
take an impression and lip immediately swells?
kelvins is ratio and Celsius is Interval
temperature :
Zinc oxide
the main component of any root sealers is?
Barium ( it is a metal)
the most radiopaque in composite is:
backward.... wide
the patient is positioned too far backward, (Figure 2, position 3) the skin anterior to the tragus can be felt immediately posterior to the head support. The further the patient is positioned backward in the focal trough, the wider the images of the anterior teeth will become until they are so wide that the outlines of the crowns of the teeth can hardly be discerned.
arrested caries
the result of sealing a carious lesion
...skeletal tissue
the usual metabolic path of ingested fluoride primarly involves urinary excretion with remaining portion in?
hydrodynamic theory
theory of dentinal sensitivity
on primary teeth you dont want to use ept why?
thin enamel false results and after trauma you .
Most important factor about avulsed tooth
time
Which of following is not endodontic in origin:
tooth with wide sulcular pocket not extending to apex
Pulpal anatomy dictates a _________-access cavity preparation in the MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR.
triangular
maxillary 1st molar access opening
triangular
Both statements are true
true or fasle: Dentists have to have proper accommodations for disable people. Dentists have to treat HIV people the same as others.
Apexogenesis
tx for traumatic pulp exposure on max incisor, roots not completely formed
spherical
type of amalgam that needs to be condensed more
admix
type of amalgam to use for best inter proximal contact (class II)
elemental
type of mercury (Hg) in dental office
provides chemical bond w/ porcelain
use of indium (tin & iron) w/ alloy --->
Worst prognosis for RCT - ledge formation, vertical fracture during obturation, instrument gets stuck in apical 1/3 ...
vertical fracture during obturation
isolated (DEEP) pocket . What condition?
vertical pocket depth
Sclerotic/ Eburnated dentin
w/ root surface caries, do not tx what kind of dentin?
70%
water fluoridation in what percentage of towns/cities? 30%, 70%, 85%
PERCUSSION -- identifies perio involvement
way to differentiate endo vs perio lesion?
cement layer
weakest part of cast gold restoration
Tin (Sn)
what causes corrosion in amalgam?
VDR
what changes with patient posture ?
copper ( asda)
what component makes a PFM green in the cervical 1/3 a.copper b.silver
Polycarboxylic acid,
what component of cement contributes to adhesion? Polycarboxylic acid, benzoyle peroxide, others, polyacrylic oth.
1.shade selection ( checked and right)
what didn't cause the unesthetic opacity of crown? 1.shade selection, 2.under-prepared tooth, 3.too thick metal, 4.too thick base porcelain
ZOE without catalyst
what do you fill a root canal with on a primary tooth
4 ( checked on Nov and true )
what do you fill a root canal with on a primary tooth Gutta percha Sealer alone ZOE with accelerator ZOE without accelerator
1. Hanks solution (HBSS) 2. Milk
what do you place avulsed teeth in?
ext
what do you recommend for E?
necrotic pulp
what does RL @ furca of primary 1st M in a 5yr old indicate?
decrease strength
what happens to amalgam if contaminated w/ H20 or moisture
decrease thermal expansion,( true)
what happens when you increase w/p ratio of an investment: increase thermal expansion, decrease thermal expansion, i ncrease setting expansion...?
• 1-3 yr old: SEPARATION • 4-6 yr old: UNKNOWN
what is a 2 yr old most afraid of? 4 yr old?
Half closed eyes to increase sensitivity
what is best way to determine value: open eye as wide as you can, arrange the shade guide in increasing value (chose the latter)
d ( checked and true on Dec)
what is function of opaque porcelain EXCEPT a. mask metal framework b. to help come up with a base/stump shade c. for initial bond to metal d. to decrease contamination of additional porcelain with metal in ensuing firing and baking procedures
... • Licensure by credential
what is not included in the ADA code of ethics? • Licensure by credential • Advertising • Issues concerning pt • Fees
...Licensure by credential
what is not included in the ADA code of ethics? Fees (discusses overbilling), Advertising & marketing, ethics (patient values & harm), credentials (dentist cannot state they are certified in a speciality when they're not)
aa. intermittent relax & tense什么是渐进式的放松 一个。 间歇性放松紧张（T / F）
what is progressive relaxation a. intermittent relax & tense (T/F) b. something about visualized images or something... (T/F)
acute angle of gold margin
what is the reason the burnish gold to the margin?
marginal leakage decreases as restoration ages
what is true of amalgam after being placed for 1 yr
canine guidance
what kind of occlusion is if in right lateral movement all posterior teeth are not in occlusion :
A given answer is polysulfide in golden
what material you would not use for a single crown : a) polyether b) polysulfide c) PVS etc
tooth, adjacent teeth, contralateral teeth
what teeth do you perform pulp eval on?
standard deviation
what test for variability standard deviation
Stain composite ( i think true)
what to do if Class IV is too light? Stain composite veneer replacement
acidulated
what toothpaste should not be used in a patient with multiple porcelain crowns?
fluorosilicic acid (hydrofluorosilicate) - most commonly used
what type of Fl in water: include fluorosilicic acid (hydrofluorosilicate) - most commonly used, sodium fluorosilicate, and sodium fluoride
b
what type of bond is composite on tooth structure? a. chemical bond b. mechanical bond (micromechanical) c. organic coupling d. adhesion
low mA
what was the problem of x ray that appears too white: incorrect distance from target to film distance low mA low density
dentin formation
what will not regenerate after RCT?
Cavitation
when do you treat caries?
Retention form
when including a cusp into a prep (reducing or removing) it affects _________ form?
silicone ( true)
when pouring gypsum material into an impression which material will cause the least amount of bubbles? Polysulfide, polyether, silicone, irreversible hydrocolloid
Gingival third:0.3 mm veneer reduction ( not all confirmed that but i think thats right) Facial third: 0.5 mm veneer reduction
when preparing for a porcelain veneer how much would you reduce in the facial 1/3 :
localized chronic fluctuant in palpation
when to puncture an abscess?
ZnOE without catalyst., Lack of catalyst gives adequate working time filling the canals
when you used ZOE in a primary what kind?
Smooth interproximals
where does fluoride work best?
apical (just below) to contact
where does interproximal caries start?
...Skeletal tissues
where is the biggest store of fluoride in tissues?
Subgingivally
where will you place the margins in a anterior PFM prep:
hue
which color characteristic is dependent on spectral wavelength:
b
which does not show empathy to the patient? a. open-mindedness b. sharing personal experiences** c. reflection and showing understanding
K (K is located closest to the nucleus,highest energy)
which electron level has the highest binding energy? N K L OR M
class 1
which has the highest C factor- class 1 & class 5
(STIFFEST) (polyether)
which is hardest one to remove from the oral cavity
pulpal
which is the only surface not beveled for an onlay?
true
which kind of radiation causes most cancer? Hydrolysis of water, etc
MTA
which material is least cytotoxic for perforation repair?
self pay
which of the following is the leading payer for dental treatment?
tooth contact (also this is the answer is golden ) answer by sachin: answer-1 and myospasm or joint pathosis in TMJ (4), but not just any muscle pain, so only 1.
which of the following would result in inaccurate terminal hinge record? acutely apprehensive patient, severe skeletal cl III, tooth contact, muscle pain
Must give privacy form to pt but you don't need confirmation of receipt, fax and email standard, etc. by ghaz from net: HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portab ility and Accountability Act. Pa ssed in 1996 HIPAA is a federal law that sets a national standard to protect medical records and other personal health information. The rule defines "protected health information" as h ealth information that: 1. Identifies an individual and 2. Is maintained or exchanged electronically or in hard copy. If the information has any components that could be used to identify a person, it would be protected. The protection would sta y with the information as long as the information is in the hands of a covered entity or a business associate. The prot ections apply to individually i dentifiable information in any form, electronic or non - electronic. The paper progeny of electronic inform ation is covered (i.e. the information would not lose its protections simply because it is printed out of a computer), and oral communications are also covered.
which statement was correct for HIPPA( health insurance privacy and portability act)?
Inhaled radon radiation ( chrcked true) https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=299214480550332&set=p.299214480550332&type=3
which type of radiation is constantly in effect: Inhaled radon radiation, not terrestrial or cosmic
Cohort ( true)
which type of study determines relative risk ratio:
white females
who has the most caries in permanent teeth?
too much extra oral time
why an implanted avulsed tooth fails
better adaptation
why bevel gold INLAY?
% elongation for burnishing and remove unsupported enamel
why bevel gold ONLAY?
b/c bone will change( bone loss) Only after controlling periodontal disease completely, we can go for orthodontic treatment. Here is one of the random reference
why do you Perio after the ortho?
necrotic pulp w/ open apex
why do you perform apexification
when you have necrosis on an open apex tooth
why perform apexification
help expose pulp horn
why triangle access on incisors?
bec more likely to get bone loss after perio surgery Why do u move teeth before perio surgery: Changes osseous contouring Changes gingival contouring Both answer A by Farhan
why would u move a tooth before doing perio? , bec it easier to move now, stable teeth are harder to access...
to continue w/ physiologic root dev.
why would you do a PO in a mand 1st molar of 7 yr old?
perf through furcation
worst prognosis
vertical fx during obturation
worst prognosis for RCT
forshortening
xray beam is perpendicular to the film, not to the tooth, =
Normal RL bc the permanent tooth is erupting underneath
xray of PA RL of a primary tooth...
given answer is A i think this is except q and all true except A
xray with cone cut. Whats wrong? PID, horizontal, vertical, MISALIGNED of XRAY TUBE HEAD, incorrect beam centering
Decrease incisal guidance, or increase compensating curve ( checked and true on Nov)
you are correcting the VDO of a patient, your articulator emminentia is set at 20 degrees, you later correct it to 45 degrees. What do you do next? Adjust bennet angle, new centric relation record, increase the VDO, others Decrease incisal guidance, or increase compensating curve NOT SURE ABOUT THIS NOTE:Bennet angle is calculated using condylar incline so you can adjust bennet angle too
to allow completion of root formation (apexogenesis)
you did a PO in 7yr old's pulp (exposed decayed #30) why?
refer to Endo
you have a tooth w/ no pulp but have PA RL, you do access and find no canal, what do you do?
If tooth has open apex, and it gets avulsed, how you close it?
you use MTA
doubt kist
you would relieve a mandibular denture in the area of the buccal frenum to allow which muscle to function properly? Buccinator Orbicularis oris triangular
deoxidizer
zinc acts as a...
checked on Nov and true
¾ crown advantageous except for? I put it has LESS retention than full crown
Lateral oblique mandibular,侧斜下颌
• Pt has pain lower right 3rd molar and can't take intraoral xray, what kind of xray indicated? Lateral oblique mandibular, reverse town's, lateral ceph, anterioposterior
which has the best prognosis • perforation in extneral resorption • perforation in internal resorption?? • extruded gutta percha
• perforation in internal resorption?? --??? I would think extruded GP
open contact.
•1-Which is least complicating for OH?
Most likely traumatic neuroma
•3-Growth in buccal vestibule by flange of mandibular RPD?
osteomyelitis.
•4-Older woman tooth extract 3 years ago, still hurts and exudate, shows cotton-wool •-radiograph what is it? Residual cyst, osteomyelitis.
A- marfan syndrome
•5-Macroglossia seen in all EXCEPT? A- marfan syndrome B- cretenism C- besckwith widman syndrome D- amyloidosis
Lack of time due to, it is an emergency appt.
•6-All of the following are an indication for putting a temporary on a deep caries and restoring at a later time except? •
💥Adhesive & maximize fluoride contact with the tooth . Varnishes are a way of using high fluoride concentrations in small amounts of material .
✴️ advantage of varnish over other methods:
Number of people with the disease _______________________ Total number of people at risk
✴️prevalence ?
Proportion of a given population is affected by a condition at a given point in time . From 0 % to 100%
✴️prevalence ?
The proposed strategy for quantifying, evaluating, and analyzing the results is presented along with the actual statistical pricedures proposed .
💢 Statistical analytical procedures
Describes how variable are measured
💢 measurment stradegy & measurment instrument
Describe the study design in a step-by-step sequence .
💢Experimental design
💢six indicator teeth or all erupted teeth. 0: being normal 3: being ulcerated tissue 💢 grade gingiva on the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual
💢Gingival index ( GI )
Describes the specific findings and actual outcomes of the project .
💢Result
People with a condition ( cases ) are compared with people without it ( controls ) 〽️exm: those with oral cancer and those without it . 〽️a history before the occurence of oral cancer would be sought .
💥 Case control study
Health condition in a group of people who are, assessed at ONE time . 〽️ ex; a group of man who drink alcohol with a group who are not drinker and compare the occureance of oral cancer .
💥Cross section study.?
💥provide a physical barrier to the impaction of substrate for cariogenic bacteria . 💥halt the carious process 💥used as a form of treatment for early lesions.
💥sealants
There is a WEAKER association between sugar consumption and the incidence of caries .
💥when there is a general decline in the incidence of caries..
Coronal DFS twice as high as AFRICAN -American
💥💥💥 Caucasians
have HIGHER CORONAL DFS compated with non-Caucasians .
💥💥💥 Caucasians
PI PDI
🔆 periodontal index
The number of new cases that will occur within population over a period of time.
🔆incidence
Is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease
🔴 Epidemiology
〽️The most widely used fluoride compound for professional application 〽️1.23%.
🔴APF
When a distribution has two peaks .
🔴Bimodal distribution
Both used for permanent teeth
🔴DMFT/ DMFS
The conventional method of defining dental caries in a population is to measure either the number of teeth or number tooth surfaces , DECAYED, MISSING, FILLED
🔴DMFT/ DMFS
💥buccal snd lingual surfaces of newly erupted primary MAXILLARY ANTERIOR teeth of infants and tidders.
🔴ECC ( baby bottle tooth decay ) is more on
5%
🔴ECC rate in usa
Following
🔴Epidemiological measures :
1: descriptive 2: analytical 3: experimental
🔴Epidemiological studies :
💥Stannous fluoride ( 0.4%) 💥 sodium fluoride ( 1.0%) 〽️ remain for 4 minutes
🔴Fluoride Gel for home-care :
School-based fluoride regimen in the united state. 〽️recommended only for children 6 years of age or older .
🔴Fluoride mouth rinse:
💢 fluoride drops
🔴Fluoride supplemention can best be accomplished initially by :
💢 6 months - 16 years old
🔴Fluoride supplements
Gingivitis declines from Its highest during the second and third decades 〽️remain relatively constant after age 30 .
🔴National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey lll
Debris index Calculus index 💥less usful in individual patient .
🔴Simplified Oral Hygiene Index ( OHI-S )
🔴CALCIUM FLUORIDE LIKE material on the enamel surface and serves as a reservoir of fluoride.
🔴Subsequent research showed that high concentration fluoride, such as that in APF gels, tend to form a ?
💢 Sampling strategy 💢 measurment stradegy & measurment instrument 💢Experimental design 💢 Statistical analytical procedures
🔴The method section include :
💥 summerize the background and focus of the study 💥 brief statement of the findings and the conclusions 💥key words that will allow the study to be indexed in the database.
🔴The purpose of substract ?
💢Two thirds of all new oral and pharyngeal cancers 💢tongue most common
🔴cancer of lip and oral cavity
〽️prevalence of dental caries in united state DECLINED substantially. 🔆 the proportion of DMFS that is either untreated caries or missing surfaces has fallen......means increase of caries free children .
🔴caries in children
Attempt to evaluate the effect of a treatment
🔴clinical trials
💢 male 💢African -American
🔴highest oral and pharyngeal cancers
Confidence building elements .
🔴knowledge is a
30,000 annually More in male
🔴oral cancer
💥 Descriptive epidemiology
🔴what is used to QUANTIFY DISEASE status in the community ?
Prevalence & incident .
🔴whats the major parameter of DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS ?
Experimental epidemiology
🔴which study used primarily in INTERVENTION STUDIES ?
51% and 67%
🔴🔴💥The effectiveness of dental sealants ;
The occlusal or chewing tooth surfaces.
🔴🔴🔴important : Fluoride is believed to be least effective on ?
1 ppm which is equivalent to 1.0 mg of fluoride per liter of waterv.
🔵 in US, most communities are fluoridated at approximately
🌀has DECLINED among adults under 45yrs
🔵Coronal caries in adult
💥Used to evaluate the effect that a specific exposure HAS HAD on a population,
🔵Retrospective cohort
🌀 20% and 25% of U.S adults have at least one root surface affected by caries. 🌀this is identical between Caucasians and African-American
🔵Root surface caries : By NHANES III National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey lll
🌀 The centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) has recognized community water fluoridation as one of the great public health achievemebt of the twentieth century .
🔵community water fluoridation :
Primary teeth 🌀carious primary tooth that is indicated for extraction,
🔵deft / defs
0.7 to 1.2 ppm
🔵fluoride for water suuply in US
