SWE Exam 2

List four fundamental questions that should be addressed in architectural design? (Any four from these)

1. What architectural pattern or styles might be used? 2. What strategy will be used to control the operation os the components in the system. 3. What will be the fundamental approach used to structure the system. 4. Is there a generic application architecture that can act as a template for the system that is being designed.

What are the two ways in which an architectural model of a system may be used?

1. As a way to discuss facilitation the system design 2. Asa a way to document the architecture that has been designed.

What is the basic assumption that underlies event-driven modelling?

Base on assumption that the system has a finite number of states and evets that me cause a transition form one state to another.

Why is it important to specify the interfaces of components that are being developed by a software engineering team?

Its important so the objects and the components are designed in parallel.

Briefly describe pipe and filter architecture?

Its processing data where the system is organized so that the processing component is discrete and carries out one type of data transformation. So, its flows in a pipe from one component to another for processing.

How is generalization used to simplify the models of a system with many similar objects?

Rather than having detailed characteristics of evert entity. They are places in general classes and learn the special addition of classes.

What are the principal components of a textual use-case description?

a. Actors involved in the case b. Description of the interactions c. Data that is exchanged d. Stimulus that activates the use case. e. Response of the system f. Comments for the info.

What are the four levels at which software reuse is possible?

- Abstraction Level- not copy paste you use knowledge of successful abstraction in design of your software. - Object level - you directly reuse objects from library rather than writing the code yourself. - Component level - component are collections of object and its classes that reuse in application system. - System level - you reuse entire application system,

What are the claimed benefits of model-driven engineering?

- Allows system to be considered at higher level abstractions - Generates code automatically means that it is cheaper to adapt system to new platforms.

What are essential tools in a software development platform?

- An integrated compiler and syntax directed editing system that allows create, edit, and compile - Language debugging system - Graphical editing tools such as tools to edit ump diagram - Testing tools- such as jaunt that can run test automatically on latest version of code - Project support tools that help organize the code for different development projects.

What are the five key activities in an object-oriented design process?

- Design the context and modes of use of the system - Design system architecture - Identify the principal system objects - Develop design models - Specify object interfaces

What are three approaches that may be used to identify object classes?

- Grammatical approach - based on natural language descript of the system. - Behavioral Approach - identify objects based on what participates in what behaviors. - Scenario approach- the objects, attributes, and methods in each scenario is identified.

What are the advantages of explicitly designing and documenting a software architecture?

- Helps understand how the system should be organized and the overall structure of the system - It is also a link between design and requirements engineering as it helps identify main structural components in the system with relationships.

What are the fundamental architectural views proposed in Krutchen's 4+ 1 model?

- Logical View - shays key castration in the system as objects or object classes. - Process view, which shows how , at runtime, the system composed of interacting processes. - Developments view -show how the software is decamped for development - Physical view - system hardware and how software components are distributed.

What are the principal functions of the four layers in a generic information system architecture?

- User interface - User Communications - Information retrieval - System database

How do design patterns contribute to reuse?

Patterns are high level concept reuse. You a use patterns to reuse the idea and adapt it to work with the system in development.

What is the fundamental characteristic of a repository architecture?

Shared data is in central database or repo and may be used by subsystem. Each sub-system has its own database that it maintains and pass data explicitly to each other.

What is described in a context model?

Shows the operational context of a system, shows what leis outside system boundaries. Social and organization concerns may affect the decision on where to position system boundaries.

What is the most important advantage of a client-server architecture?

The advantage is the servers can be distributed across a network and now all have to implement it (printing service).

How are activity diagrams used in describing the context of use of a system?

They can be used to define business process model. To show that system is used and other components.

What is transaction-processing applications?

Transaction-processing applications is when users make asynchronous requestion for service which are then processed through transaction manger. ( Find time of flights from ATL to NY)

What is illustrated in a UML sequence diagram?

which show interactions between actors and the system and between system components

What UML diagram types do you need to represent the essential features of a system?

•Activity diagrams show processing activities. •Use case diagrams show interactions between a system and its environment. •Sequence diagrams show interactions between actors and the system and between system components. •Class diagrams shows the object classes and relationships between these classes. •State diagrams show how the system reacts to internal and external events.

What perspectives should be used for developing models of a software system?

•External perspective, models the system context or environment. •Interaction perspective, models the interactions between a system and its environment, and between system components. •Structural perspective, models the system organization and the structure of the system data. •Behavioral perspective, models the dynamic, event-driven, behavior of the system. •Eternal perspective, models the meaning and relevance of the system.