System Analysis - final
When selection is indicated for elements in the data dictionary: A simple sequence of structured English statements is all that is necessary. An IF...THEN...ELSE structure must be present in the structured English statements. DO WHILE, DO UNTIL, or PERFORM UNTIL structured English statements must be included. A decision tree must be used to depict the logic.
an IF...THEN...ELSE structure must be present in the structured English statements
Which of the following is not one of the three broad phases of RAD? Requirements planning Analysis Design workshop Implementation
analysis
A feasibility impact grid is used to: determine the technical, economic, and operational feasibility of programs. assess the impact improvements to existing systems can make. understand the time and money needed for both hardware and human resources.
assess the impact improvements to existing systems can make.
The method that compares today's costs with future costs and today's benefits with future benefits is: break‑even analysis. payback. present value. cash‑flow analysis.
cash‑flow analysis. WRONG
The problem that occurs when respondents rate everything as average is called: bipolarity. central tendency halo effect. leniency.
central tendency
If a decision maker has trade journals and newspaper clippings about other companies, they tend to work with: external information. internal information. detailed corporate information. summarized corporate information.
external information.
Physical data flow diagrams: include processes for adding, updating, changing, and deleting records. are used to model business events, along with their input and output. enable the analyst to better understand the business. include no interface data flow in or out of processes.
include processes for adding, updating, changing, and deleting records.
One of the tangible benefits is: enhancing accuracy. increase in the speed of processing. maintaining a good business image. improving the decision-making process.
increase in the speed of processing.
Accessible offices tend to: result in reports and memos being held up. indicate that the people in them tend to view the organization differently. increase the amount of formal messages. increase interaction frequency and informal messages.
increase interaction frequency and informal messages.
Enterprise resource planning systems integrate: different cultures across the globe in an ecommerce environment. legacy systems into an extranet. information systems existing on different management levels. resources so that capital expenditures are minimized.
information systems existing on different management levels.
An enterprise resource planning system: is purchased rather than developed. links team members at remote distances. uses project management software to develop program coding schedules. involves the use of isolated systems that do not interact.
is purchased rather than developed.
If file cabinets and bookshelves are not present in the decision maker's office: they have little seniority and a restricted budget. it is likely that they store and value internal information. they are not very active within the corporation and do not have a handle on the business. it is likely that they store very few items of information personally
it is likely that they store very few items of information personally
Packed decimal format is used for a numeric element because: the data is unreadable by the average person, and thus increases data security. it increases the likelihood of containing a valid checkdigit. the numeric element contains decimal points that are represented by a V on the file layout and are not actually included in the data. it saves space on file layouts.
it saves space on file layouts.
As a single data flow may only show part of the collective data, the data store may be linked to several external structures defining the different data flows. many data flows may have to be examined to determine the contents of a data store. data stores must contain multiple redundant elements within repeating groups indicated by {braces} an alias must be used.
many data flows may have to be examined to determine the contents of a data store.
Casual dress within an organization that has a predominant culture of traditional, conservative clothing: may lead to more formal, rigid decision making. is likely to represent a friendly, fun-loving person. may result in some loss of credibility. is an indication of lower rank.
may result in some loss of credibility.
An encyclopedia that is used to store all project information is called a(n): data dictionary upper CASE tool repository. lower CASE tool.
repository.
A zero on a relationship line indicates: that the relationship line is undefined. the absence of any well-defined entities. that none is possible for the next relationship that the relationship should be used to create an associative entity.
that none is possible for the next relationship
The context-level data flow diagram depicts: the boundaries of a system. detailed processes that transform the incoming data to information. the system entities and how they are related. computer programs and their files.
the boundaries of a system.
Tangible costs include: the cost of system analysts' time. the cost of losing a competitive edge. ineffective decision making due to untimely or inaccurate information. declining company image due to increases customer dissatisfaction.
the cost of system analysts' time.
The longest path through a PERT diagram is called: slack time. the precedent activity path. maximum path time. the critical path.
the critical path.
The two main complaints about going through the systems development life cycle are: the time that it takes to build a system and that user requirements change over time. the time that it takes to build a system and the user's noninvolvement in the process. the user's noninvolvement in the process and that user requirements change over time. the amount of inaccuracies that manifest during the long life cycle and the lack of a method for quick implementation.
the time that it takes to build a system and that user requirements change over time.
A good rule of thumb is to interview at least ______ on every level of the organization and at least ____ from each functional area directly involved in the system. three people; one one person; three one person; one one person; two
three people; one
JAD sessions are used: when several interviews, with several users, contain only closed, detailed questions. when the users do not get along with one another. to perform interviews with management and primary clients outside the corporation. to reduce the time and the cost of doing many one-to-one interviews.
to reduce the time and the cost of doing many one-to-one interviews.
When the data flow in and out of a parent process do not match the data flow in or out of a child diagram, it is called: a primitive process. a disordered pair. a logical data flow diagram. unbalanced decomposition.
unbalanced decomposition.
The data dictionary may be used to create: screens. reports. forms. All of the above
All of the above
In which phase of the SDLC are data flow diagrams constructed? Determining Information Requirements Analyzing System Needs Designing the System Testing and Maintaining the System
Analyzing System Needs
What is the technique that allows workloads to be simulated and run on different systems, including those already used in the organization? Comparison Simulation Benchmarking Evaluation
Benchmarking
Which of the following is not a guideline for developing a prototype? Build the system slowly and carefully. Modify the prototype in successive iterations. Emphasize the user interface. Work in manageable modules.
Build the system slowly and carefully.
Which guideline isn't correct for including effective graphs in a proposal? Choose a style that communicates the intended meaning. Collect graphs together in the appendices. Give the graph a sequential figure number. Label each axis, and any lines, columns, bars, or pieces of the pie of the graph. Include a key to indicate different colored lines, shaded bars, or crosshatched areas.
Collect graphs together in the appendices.
When creating process specifications, what needs to be done for manual tasks? Create well-defined procedures for employees performing the tasks. Replace them with automated processes. Outline the decisions using a decision tree. Nothing, they are not part of processing specifications.
Create well-defined procedures for employees performing the tasks.
Which of the following is used to depict a relationship in an entity‑relationship diagram? Triangle Square Crow's foot line Rectangle
Crow's foot line
Which of the following entails working with the smallest meaningful components of the system? Processes Data flows Data structure Data elements
Data elements ??
Which of the following is not included in the context level diagram? Basic inputs Processes Data store Outputs
Data store
Which of these is the most personalized? Data‑processing systems Decision support systems Expert systems Management information systems
Decision support systems
In order to build decision tables, what does the analyst not need to do? Eliminate any impossible situations. Simplify the table as much as possible. Determine the minimum size of the table. Eliminate inconsistencies.
Determine the minimum size of the table.
Which of the following is concerned with the analyst's time and the costs for system development, hardware, and business employee time? Economic feasibility Operational feasibility Tactical feasibility Technical feasibility
Economic feasibility
A language that can be used to exchange data between businesses is called: Extensible markup language. Exchange mediation language. Extranet manipulative language. Extended machine language.
Extensible markup language.
Which of the following interview structures begins with the general and ends with the specific? Circle Diamond Funnel Pyramid
Funnel
Which of the following is a reason given by programmers for failed projects? Impossible or unrealistic completion dates Not adding more people to the project to expedite it Seeking outside help instead of trusting the development staff Not enough programming development tools
Impossible or unrealistic completion dates
Which of the following is an advantage of closed interview questions? Keeps interviewer in control of the interview Makes it more interesting for the interviewee Makes phrasing easier for the interviewer Provides richness of detail
Keeps interviewer in control of the interview
Who has final responsibility for judging the feasibility of a systems project? Computer operators Input personnel Management Programmers Systems analysts
Management
Which prototyping method is set up to test certain aspects of the design? First of a series prototype Model bearing some essential features Nonoperational prototype Patched‑up prototype
Nonoperational prototype
Which of the following is not one of the four basic symbols used to chart data movement on data flow diagrams? Oval Arrow Rectangle with rounded corners Open‑ended rectangle
Oval
Which of these is not considered to be a primary role of a systems analyst? Change agent Consultant Programmer Supporting expert
Programmer
Which structure should be used when you want to warm up the interviewee to a topic? Funnel Pyramid Diamond Oval
Pyramid
Which prototype includes some, but not all, of the components of the final system? First of a series prototype Selected features prototype Nonworking scale model Patched‑up prototype
Selected features prototype
Which level of management is most dependent on external information? Operations Middle Strategic None of the above
Strategic
Which of the following is not a problem when creating decision tables? Impossible situations Too many conditions Redundancy Contradictions
Too many conditions
Which of the following is not a situation that should use RAD? The team includes programmers and analysts who are experienced with RAD. When users are relatively simple and are detail-oriented and usually not very involved with organizational goals There are pressing business reasons for speeding up application development. Working with a novel ecommerce application
When users are relatively simple and are detail-oriented and usually not very involved with organizational goals ??
In a CRUD matrix, each row represents the data stores used for each: process. database table. data flow child diagram. activity.
activity.