SYSTEM AND DESIGN

3. A package is a logical grouping of UML elements.

Ans: True Response: See page 294-296

34. Packaged software is preferred when the business need is common and time is a constraining factor?

Ans: True Response: See page 304-305

6. Custom development allows developers to be flexible and creative in the way they solve business problems.

Ans: True Response: See pages 299-300

11. CRC cards are used to document the responsibilities and collaborations of a(n) _____. a. class b. relationship c. object d. attribute e. operation

Ans: a Response: See page 211

14. A _____ object is an instance of a class that sends a request to an instance of another class for an operation to be executed. a. client b. server c. contract d. requester e. CRC

Ans: a Response: See page 211

15. A _____ object is the instance of a class that receives a request from another object. a. client b. server c. contract d. provider e. CRC

Ans: b Response: See page 211

7. The _____ layer addresses how the software will execute on specific computers and networks. a. foundation b. system architecture c. human-computer interaction d. data management e. problem domain

Ans: e Response: See page 293

17. An advantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization can _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. have developers climb the knowledge ladder d. make strategic changes during implementation e. save money on the purchase

Ans: e Response: See page 301-302

21. The decision on which design strategy to use depends on _____. a. how unique the business need is b. the expertise of the project manager c. the urgency of the project d. the amount of in-house experience e. all of the above

Ans: e Response: See page 305

2. In an object-oriented system, changes can take place at the following level of abstraction. a. variable b. method c. class/object d. cluster (examples: partition, package) e. all of the above

Ans: e Response: See page 319

20. The audience for pseudocode is the _____. a. analyst b. programmer c. manager d. user e. customer

Ans = B

4. A package diagram is a class diagram that shows only packages and classes.

Ans: False Response: See page 294-296

5. There are three design strategies: 1) developing a custom application in-house, 2) hiring a consultant, and 3) relying on an external vendor, developer, or service provider to build the system.

Ans: False Response: See page 299

14. Many project teams believe that packaged software is the best way to create a system because they have complete control over the way the system looks and functions, and they can be flexible and creative in the way they solve business problems.

Ans: False Response: See page 301

15. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications are small single-function software packages that are inexpensive and easy to install and have only minor problems and fast, easily recognizable benefits.

Ans: False Response: See page 301

22. A company adopting an enterprise resource planning (ERP) application, has adopted the strategy of outsourcing.

Ans: False Response: See page 301

24. When using the packaged software design strategy, substantial time can be saved because the project team no longer has to spend time defining the requirements of the new system.

Ans: False Response: See page 301

7. It is much less efficient to buy packaged software that has already been created, tested, and proven than to build a system from scratch.

Ans: False Response: See page 301

20. Object-oriented systems can send messages to a legacy system through the use of a package wrapper.

Ans: False Response: See page 302

27. As many as 70% of companies with IT budgets over $5 million are currently outsourcing development of systems.

Ans: False Response: See page 302

10. There are three primary types of outsourcing contracts: 1) time and arrangements, 2) variable-price, and 3) value added.

Ans: False Response: See page 303

29. Outsourcing eliminates all risks from the project.

Ans: False Response: See page 303

30. A value added contract provides for flexibility, but may result in a larger than expected bill.

Ans: False Response: See page 303

33. When the business need is unique and the process is critical to the business, the most appropriate development strategy is packaged software.

Ans: False Response: See page 304

11. Pirate Adventures, Inc., a company that owns and operates hotels in tropical locations, is interested in replacing the 15-year-old room reservation system in all of its hotels. Custom development would be the best design strategy.

Ans: False Response: See page 304-305

12. Max has been a project manager for 10 years and is considered one of the best in his department of well qualified IS professionals. The approval committee is considering the approval of a new unique Internet system that could possibly catapult the firm ahead of all of the competition. Buying a packaged system would be the best design strategy.

Ans: False Response: See page 304-305

19. If in-house experience exists for all the functional and technical needs of the new system, it will be easier to outsource the building of the system, because the company employees with those skills will be able to quickly learn the new system with very little training.

Ans: False Response: See page 304-305

21. The design strategy that would be most logical to a firm with a very limited amount of in-house IS expertise is allow end-users to create the system.

Ans: False Response: See page 304-305

36. When selecting a design strategy an organization should consider project management experience, project skills, functional skill development, time frame, costs, and flexibility.

Ans: False Response: See page 305

37. Michelle would like the opportunity to increase the experience level of her IS staff by having them analyze and design a new web-based distribution system. The skills learned from this project may help with future strategic applications. Since the time period for the project is very flexible and this is a somewhat unique business need, Michelle has decided to use packaged software for this project.

Ans: False Response: See page 305

17. Custom development of software is usually the best strategy for common business needs, particularly when the business need is not unique and does not have special requirements.

Ans: False Response: See pages 299-300

1. The purpose of the design phase is to create a blueprint for the new system.

Ans: True Response: See page 271

2. The layer that would include the classes that would interact with middleware applications is the physical architecture layer.

Ans: True Response: See page 294

13. It can be much more efficient to buy programs that have already been created, tested, and proven, and a packaged software system can be bought and installed in a relatively short period of time compared with a custom system.

Ans: True Response: See page 301

23. A workaround is a custom-built add-on program that interfaces with the packaged application to handle special needs.

Ans: True Response: See page 301

8. An object wrapper creates an application program interface (API) to a legacy system, enabling object-oriented systems to interact with it.

Ans: True Response: See page 302

25. Time and arrangements types of outsourcing contracts would be preferred when the client and the outsourcer have difficulty specifying the work required to complete the project.

Ans: True Response: See page 302-303

9. Some benefits of outsourcing are that the service provider may be more experienced in the technology that would greatly benefit your organization and may have more experienced programmers.

Ans: True Response: See page 302-303

16. The three primary types of contracts that can be drawn to control the outsourcing deal are (1) a time and arrangements contract, (2) a fixed-price contract, and (3) a value-added contract.

Ans: True Response: See page 303

26. A disadvantage of outsourcing the application development process is that the organization may lose control over confidential information.

Ans: True Response: See page 303

28. An advantage of outsourcing the application development process is that the organization may acquire technical skills and functional knowledge from the vendor.

Ans: True Response: See page 303

31. A(n) fixed price contract provides for a stable customer price, but requirements will be well defined by the outsourcer at the beginning of the contract period.

Ans: True Response: See page 303

32. A(n) value added contract, that is gaining in popularity, provides for the outsourcer to gain a percentage of the completed systems benefits.

Ans: True Response: See page 303

18. Custom applications require excellent project management and a proven methodology, and the project team should choose to develop a custom application only if it is certain that the underlying coordination and control mechanisms will be in place.

Ans: True Response: See page 304-305

35. When the project skills are not strategic but they do exist in-house and the time frame is short, the most appropriate development strategy is packaged software.

Ans: True Response: See pages 304-306

22. A(n) ______ matrix can be used to organize the pros and cons of the design alternatives so that the best solution will be chosen in the end. a. alternative b. cost-benefit c. feasibility d. design e. evaluation

Ans: a Response: 306-307

5. A(n) _____ of an analysis class is where the behavior of the class is defined. a. operation b. attribute c. class d. object e. abstract class

Ans: a Response: See page 209

8. "A-kind-of" relationships represent _____ relationships. a. generalization b. association c. aggregation d. subsetting e. vague

Ans: a Response: See page 210

19. A class diagram is a(n) _____ model. a. static b. dynamic c. evolving d. obsolete e. none of the above

Ans: a Response: See page 213

1. The design phase of the SDLC creates a(n) _____. a. blueprint for the future system b. picture of the as-is system c. understanding of who, what, when, and where the future system will be d. understanding of why build the system e. none of the above

Ans: a Response: See page 271

1. Detailed design is important for two reasons. First, preexisting classes and components need to be understood, organized, and pieced together, and second, _____. a. it is common for the project team to write some code and produce original classes that support the application logic of the system b. it is tempting to jump in without planning c. modular design is outdated d. the SDLC continues to be used instead of a more reliable method of analysis for systems e. top-down modular approaches are an acceptable method of analysis that must be performed during the planning phase

Ans: a Response: See page 319

5. The basic building block of a system is the _____. a. object b. attribute c. message d. partition e. method

Ans: a Response: See page 320

9. _____ refers to the level of interdependency or interrelationship among the modules in a system. a. coupling b. cohesion c. connascence d. multiple inheritance e. single inheritance

Ans: a Response: See page 325

18. A disadvantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization may _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. make strategic changes during implementation d. remove all risk from the project e. save money on the purchase

Ans: a Response: See pages 301-302

6. Which of the following will be converted to methods in later phases of the SDLC? a. attributes b. operations c. classes d. objects e. abstract classes

Ans: b Response: See page 209

10. If a "student signs up for a class," which type of relationship would you use to model the relationship between the two? a. generalization b. association c. aggregation d. subsetting e. vague

Ans: b Response: See page 210

12. A(n) _____ formalizes the interactions between a client and server object. a. relationship b. contract c. abstract object d. concrete object e. abstraction

Ans: b Response: See page 211

16. A mechanism for developing CRC cards is for the user or analyst to role-play as if they are an instance of the class. This process is called _____. a. acting b. anthropomorphism c. interviewing d. anamorphous e. observation

Ans: b Response: See page 211 & 213

13. The following are all classic design mistakes EXCEPT _____. a. feature creep b. including design time c. reducing design time d. silver bullet syndrome e. switching tools in mid-project

Ans: b Response: See page 273

5. A(n) _____ is the equivalent to a subsystem. a. collaboration b. partition c. layer d. factor e. abstraction

Ans: b Response: See page 290-291

7. _____ suggests that only the information required to use an object should be available outside the object. a. encapsulation b. information hiding c. polymorphism d. inheritance e. cohesion

Ans: b Response: See page 321

12. Which of the following types of interaction coupling is "best?" a. stamp b. data c. content or pathological d. common or global e. control

Ans: b Response: See page 326

10. A class/object should only represent one thing, and a method should only solve a single task. This principle is often referred to as _____. a. coupling b. cohesion c. connascence d. multiple inheritance e. none of the above

Ans: b Response: See page 328

18. Fan-out refers to _____. a. the number of attributes a class has b. the number of messages sent by a method c. the number of times a message is sent by a method d. the number of times an attribute is passed from a class e. none of the above

Ans: b Response: See page 338

16. An advantage of custom development is that the organization can _____. a. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit b. build technical skills and functional knowledge c. install in a short period of time d. remove all risk from the project e. save money on the purchase

Ans: b Response: See pages 299-300

6. _____ means having the ability to send the same message to different objects, which can be interpreted differently by different objects. a. encapsulation b. polymorphism c. inheritance d. coupling e. cohesion

Ans: b Response: See pages 321-322

1. Which of the following are used to create objects? a. concrete objects b. abstract objects c. concrete classes d. abstract classes e. concrete instances

Ans: c Response: See page 209

2. An _____ of an analysis class represents a piece of information that is relevant to the description of the class. a. instance b. object c. attribute d. operation e. relationship

Ans: c Response: See page 209

9. "A-part-of" or "has-parts" relationships represent _____ relationships. a. generalization b. association c. aggregation d. subsetting e. vague

Ans: c Response: See page 210

4. When an analyst discovers that a set of classes have a similar set of attributes and methods, it may make sense to _____ out the similarities into a separate class. a. refine b. abstract c. factor d. partition e. separate

Ans: c Response: See page 290

8. The layer that keeps the user interface implementation separate from the application or problem domain classes is the _____ layer. a. foundation b. system architecture c. human-computer interaction d. data management e. problem domain

Ans: c Response: See page 293

20. Manipulating certain parameters to refine the way features work in a software package is called _____. a. a workaround b. adjustment c. customization d. feature adjustability e. parameterizing

Ans: c Response: See page 301

13. Of all of the types of interaction coupling, _____ is the worst. a. stamp b. data c. content or pathological d. common or global e. control

Ans: c Response: See page 326

18. Which of the following would not be an appropriate class name? a. student b. patient c. John d. customer e. doctor

Ans: c Response: See pages 213-214

17. A class has an attribute in which a range of values has a semantic meaning. This class has _____ connascence. a. Name b. Type or Class c. Convention d. Algorithm e. Position

Ans: c Response: See pages 331-332

21. One way to identify objects for the class diagram is to scan the use case descriptions for ____. a. relationships b. object lists c. patterns d. nouns e. verbs

Ans: d

4. Which of the following types of attributes is not proper in an analysis class? a. integers b. strings c. doubles d. compound e. date

Ans: d Response: See page 209

7. Service is another name for _____. a. attribute b. class c. abstract class d. operation e. object

Ans: d Response: See page 209

20. A public attribute is shown in a class diagram with the symbol _____ before the name. a. - b. # c. * d. + e. /

Ans: d Response: See page 213

11. To avoid the classic design mistake of "silver bullet syndrome," the analyst should _____. a. increase the schedule to include learning time b. move proposed changes into future versions c. not switch or upgrade development tools unless there is a compelling need d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true e. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing

Ans: d Response: See page 273

9. The _____ layer addresses the issues involving the persistence of the objects contained in the system. a. foundation b. system architecture c. human-computer interaction d. data management e. problem domain

Ans: d Response: See page 293

10. Which of the following is not a fundamental way to approach the creation of a new information system? a. develop a custom application in-house b. rely on an external vendor to build the system c. purchase a software package and customize it d. rely on end-users to develop it themselves e. all of the above are ways to create new information systems

Ans: d Response: See page 299

12. There are three methods to create a new system. They are _____. a. buy a package, external vender, external service provider b. develop custom application in-house, external service provider, and external vender c. external service provider, rely on a developer, and external vender d. in-house custom application, buy a package, and external vender e. in-house custom application, external service provider, and external vender

Ans: d Response: See page 299

15. The following are all strengths of a packaged software design strategy EXCEPT _____. a. it may be bought and installed in a short time b. many business needs are not unique c. the package is already tested and generally proven to work d. there is an exact match of functionality to requirements e. none of the above

Ans: d Response: See page 301

19. The process of building new systems by combining packaged software, existing legacy systems, and new software written to integrate everything together is called _____. a. customization b. formal methodology c. outsourcing d. systems integration e. workaround

Ans: d Response: See page 301

3. _____ has emerged as the standard for the design of object-oriented systems. a. Java b. C++ c. VisualBasic d. UML e. Microsoft .NET

Ans: d Response: See page 319

8. In order to get an object to perform a method, a(n) _____ is sent to the object. a. state b. object c. attribute d. message e. instance

Ans: d Response: See page 320

11. What are the two types of coupling in object-oriented systems? a. interaction, data b. data, inheritance c. data, stamp d. interaction, inheritance e. data, common

Ans: d Response: See page 325

16. Object-oriented systems have three general types of cohesion: _____, _____, and _____. a. method, class, inheritance b. method, generalization/specialization, inheritance c. generalization/specialization, class, object d. method, class, generalization/specialization e. functional, sequential, procedural

Ans: d Response: See page 328

19. Which of the following Structured English statements is an advanced form of an IF statement? a. action statement b. For statement c. While statement d. Case statement e. Do statement

Ans: d Response: See page 349

14. The following are all strengths of a custom development design strategy EXCEPT _____. a. builds technical skills b. greater creativity c. greater flexibility d. lower risk e. none of the above

Ans: d Response: See pages 299-300

14. When a global data area exists outside individual objects, the resulting system has _____ interaction coupling. a. stamp b. data c. content or pathological d. common or global e. control

Ans: d Response: See pages 325-326

3. Which of the following would most likely not be an example of an attribute? a. employee name b. customer address c. stock number d. ISBN number e. cancel appointment

Ans: e Response: See page 209

13. A collaboration consists of _____. a. two instances of a class talking with each other b. two instances of a class knowing the value of each others attributes c. a set of classes that share common operations d. a set of classes that are all related to one another e. a set of classes involved in a use case

Ans: e Response: See page 211

17. Which of the following is part of a CRC card? a. class name b. type c. description d. responsibilities e. all of the above

Ans: e Response: See page 212

2. To avoid the classic design mistake of "reducing the design time," the analyst should _____. a. increase the schedule to include learning time b. move proposed changes into future versions c. not switch or upgrade unless there is a compelling need for specific features d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true e. use timeboxing

Ans: e Response: See page 273

3. To avoid the classic design mistake of "feature creep," the analyst should _____. a. not switch or upgrade unless there is a compelling need for specific features b. increase the schedule to include learning time c. move proposed changes into future versions d. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true e. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing

Ans: e Response: See page 273

6. The _____ layer contains, among other things, the classes that represent the fundamental data types. a. problem domain b. system architecture c. human-computer interaction d. data management e. foundation

Ans: e Response: See page 293

15. When a method of one object refers to the inside hidden parts of another object, these methods are exhibiting _____ coupling. a. data b. stamp c. control d. common or global e. content or pathological

Ans: e Response: See page 326

4. In terms of levels of abstraction, which of the following is at the lowest level relative to the rest? a. system b. partition/package c. library d. class/object e. method

Ans: e Response: See pages 319-320