Take Home Test 1-44

During Reconstruction, the main goal of the Ku Klux Klan was to

d. prevent the changes in southern society envisioned by the Radical Republicans

the principle of "popular sovereignty"

B. The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there.

Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877? a. The freed slaves had been successfully integrated into Southern society. b. The treaty ending the Civil War had set such a time limit. c. Most of the politically active Black people had left the South for Northern cities. d. The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election. e. The United States needed the troops stationed in the South to confront the French in Mexico.

D. The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election.

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to

c. preserve the Union

The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for a. the prohibition of slavery in Louisiana Purchase territory b. the primacy of federal law over state-legislated Black Codes c. the abolition of the international slave trade d. the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War e. federal return of fugitive slaves

d. the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War

Thaddeus Stevens and other Radical Republicans believed a. the president and Congress should share power equally in directing the reconstruction of the South b. the rebellious sates had suffered enough and compassion was the best policy c. former slaves could be integrated into southern society without federal intervention d. the rebellious states should undergo widespread political and social changes e. social changes were necessary but economic modifications were not

d. the rebellious states should undergo widespread political and social changes

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in

a. urban areas of the North

Which of the following statements is true of the Compromise of 1850? a. It delayed the Civil War but did little to settle slavery's future. b. It provided the South with ten years to prepare for secession. c. It gained support in California with its provision to allow slavery there. d. It decreased sectional tensions by strengthening the Fugitive Slave Law. e. It enjoyed widespread support in the North because it added Maine to the Union as a free states.

a. It delayed the Civil War but did little to settle slavery's future.

The Republican party originated in the mid-1850's as a sectional party committed to which of the following? a. Opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories b. Immediate emancipation of the slaves c. Repeal of Whig economic policies d. Restriction of immigration e. Acknowledgement of popular sovereignty as the basis for organizing federal territories

a. Opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories

During the Civil War, both the Union and Confederate governments experienced a. an expansion of the powers of the presidency b. civil disobedience that shortened the war c. the creation of a national banking system to pay for the war d. increased political rights for women as their domestic roles expanded e. diminishing powers for the central government

a. an expansion of the powers of the presidency

African Americans who fled the violence of the Reconstruction South in 1879 and 1880 to start anew in Kansas were known as

a. exodusters

During the Civil War, the Republican Party passed legislation promoting economic development concerning all of the following EXCEPT the a. granting of government subsidies to encourage the export of manufactured goods b. establishment of a high tariff to protect American industry from foreign competition c. organization of a national banking system to provide a uniform national currency d. provision of government loans and land grants to private companies to construct a transcontinental railroad e. passage of the Homestead Act

a. granting of government subsidies to encourage the export of manufactured goods

the most threatening problem for the Union from 1861 through 1863 was

a. possible British recognition of the Confederacy

The Wilmot Proviso transformed the politics of the Mexican War by a. raising the issue of whether territory acquired through the war would be slave or free b. raising the question of slavery's morality in the United States c. claiming the war was unnecessary and unconstitutional d. justifying Polk's decision for war and silencing his critics providing the central plank of the newly formed Republican Party e. providing the central plank of the newly formed Republican Party

a. raising the issue of whether territory acquired through the war would be slave or free

The direct impact of the Civil War on the economy included all of the following EXCEPT a. the emergence of the trust as a form of business organization b. the initiation of transcontinental railroad building c. runaway inflation in the South d. the creation of a more uniform national banking system e. disruption of cotton exports to England

a. the emergence of the trust as a form of business organization

best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas? a. It tried to sell Texas to the Unite States at the time of the Louisiana Purchase b. It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's. c. It governed Texas with stringent regulations in the 1820's. d. It encouraged the establishment of a strong local government in Texas in the mid-1830's. e. It favored the annexation of the Republic of Texas by the United States in the 1830's and early 1840's.

b. It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's

Which of the following statements about the Dred Scott decision is correct? a. It recognized the power of Congress to prohibit slavery in the territories, but refused on technical grounds to free Scott. b. It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States. c. It upheld the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise. d. It upheld the principle of popular sovereignty. e. It freed Scott, but not other slaves in circumstances similar to Scott's.

b. It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States.

The graph above refutes which of the following statements? a. There were more Black people than White people in the antebellum South. b. Most southern families held slaves. c. Most southern families lived in rural areas. d. The southern population was much smaller than that of the North. e. Slaveholders were an extremely powerful group.

b. Most southern families held slaves.

Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decision? a. Congress could abolish slavery at will. b. National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories. c. The rights of all people are protected by the Constitution. d. Slaves residing in a free state automatically became free. e. Through squatter sovereignty, a territory had the sole right to determine the status of slavery within its territorial limits.

b. National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories.

The Republican Party of the 1850s took which of the following positions on slavery? a. Residents of territories could decide on the basis of popular sovereignty whether to have slavery. b. Slavery could remain where it existed but should not be extended into territories or new states. c. The federal government should abolish slavery. d. The federal government should purchase slaves from their masters and relocate them to the west coast of Africa. e. Slavery was a state issue, and the federal government should play no role in its regulation.

b. Slavery could remain where it existed but should not be extended into territories or new states.

In the last half of the nineteenth century, the New South advocates supported a. elimination of convict leasing b. expansion of southern industry c. creation of a southern literature critical of the Old South d. elimination of Jim Crow segregation e. limitation on West Indian migration to the United States

b. expansion of southern industry

After the Civil War, women reformers and former abolitionists were divided over a. creation of a sharecropping system in the South b. legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males c. use of military forces to keep order in the South d. reliance on female workers in Northern factories e. redemption of greenback dollars for gold currency

b. legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males

During the Civil War era, the slave states of Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri all. a. participated in the Northern blockade of the South b. remained in the Union c. agreed to end slavery before the end of the war d. voted for Lincoln in 1860 and 1864 e. eventually joined the Confederacy

b. remained in the Union

During Reconstruction, a major economic development in the South was the a. creation of large commercial and banking centers b. spread of sharecropping c. rise of large-scale commercial farming d. decline of the textile industry e. emergence of the cotton economy

b. spread of sharecropping

a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South? a. A major redistribution of land ownership b. A diversification of crops c. A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers d. A rise in cotton yields per acre from antebellum production levels e. The termination of the control exerted by White landowners over former slaves

c. A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

Which element of the Kansas-Nebraska Act caused the greatest controversy? a. Spending $10 million on railroad construction in Kansas b. Its de facto repeal of the Missouri Compromise c. Splitting the territory into two areas d. Extending the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific Ocean e. Admitting Kansas to the Union as a slave state

c. Splitting the territory into two areas

Which of the following best describes the situation of freedmen in the decade following the Civil War? a. Each was given 40 acres of land and a mule by the Union government. b. All were immediately granted political equality by the Emancipation Proclamation. c. The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters. d. They were required to pass a literacy test before being granted United States citizenship. e. They supported the passage of Black Codes to ensure their economic and political rights.

c. The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters.

Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War? a. The restoration of the power of the federal judiciary b. The legality of the national banking system c. The political and legal status of the former Confederate states d. The relationship between the United States and Britain e. The proposed annexation of Colombia

c. The political and legal status of the former Confederate states

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measures EXCEPT the a. enactment of Black Codes by southern legislatures b. outbreak of race riots in New Orleans and Memphis c. massive exodus of former slaves from the South d. election of former Confederates to Congress e. response of southern legislatures to the Fourteenth Amendment

c. massive exodus of former slaves from the South

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the a. measure's endorsement of popular sovereignty b. admittance of Missouri as a slave state and the establishment of the 36º30' line c. passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act d. admittance of Texas as a slave state e. legislation permitted the surveying of a southern transcontinental railway line

c. passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act

The Compromise of 1850 did which of the following? a. Admitted Texas to the Union as a slave state. b. Admitted California to the Union under the principles of popular sovereignty. c. Prohibited slavery in the District of Columbia. d. Enacted a stringent fugitive slave law. e. Adjusted the Texas-Mexico boundary.

d. Enacted a stringent fugitive slave law.

Which of the following statements about African American soldiers during the Civil War is correct? a. They were primarily engaged in military campaigns west of the Mississippi. b. They were limited to noncombat duty. c. They were barred from receiving awards for valor in combat. d. For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank. e. For most of the war, they were led by African American officers.

d. For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank.

Which of the following occurred during Radical Reconstruction? a. The passage of the Black Codes b. A permanent shift of Southern voters to the Republican Party c. The creation of a new industrial base in a majority of Southern states d. The formation of the Ku Klux Klan e. Widespread redistribution of confiscated land to former slaves

d. The formation of the Ku Klux Klan

In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had

d. fewer European immigrants

Early in the Civil War, President Lincoln hoped to end slavery by a. immediately emancipating all slaves with no compensation to their owners b. emancipating the slaves in the border states and later freeing those in the rest of the South c. gradually emancipating slaves in the South, but allowing the owners to move west to re-establish slavery on their farms and plantations there d. gradually emancipating slaves, paying the owners, and colonizing the freed slaves e. gradually emancipating the slaves, paying the owners and establishing a bi-racial society in America

d. gradually emancipating slaves, paying the owners, and colonizing the freed slaves

John Brown staged his raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859 because he believed a. the "Slave Power" had seized the federal government and it must be destroyed by force b. his abolitionist backers wanted him to strike hard at slavery c. his speeches and books had failed to convince people that slavery was evil d. he was God's instrument to destroy slavery by whatever means necessary e. only armed blacks could end slavery in the South

d. he was God's instrument to destroy slavery by whatever means necessary

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to

d. place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people

Which of the following would most likely have expressed opposition to the idea of Manifest Destiny? a. Advocates of the foreign policy of Secretary of State William H. Seward b. Voters for James K. Polk in 1844 c. Supporters of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 d. Members of the Whig party in Congress during the Mexican War e. Supporters of the Ostend Manifesto

e. Supporters of the Ostend Manifesto

Which of the following provisions of the Compromise of 1850 provoked the most controversy in the 1850's? a. The admission of California as a free state b. The establishment of the principle of popular sovereignty in the Mexican cession c. The ban on the slave trade in the District of Columbia d. The continued protection of slavery in the District of Columbia e. The strengthened Fugitive Slave Law

e. The strengthened Fugitive Slave Law

The rise of the Know-Nothing (American) Party during the 1850s demonstrated that some Americans were a. opposed to the economic policies of both the Whigs and Democrats b. supportive of Clay's American System of protectionism and internal improvements c. fearful the two parties intended to end slavery d. favorable to popular sovereignty as a means of deciding the future of slavery e. fearful of increased immigration

e. fearful of increased immigration

All of the following contributed to Northern fear of a slave power conspiracy in the 1840s and 1850s EXCEPT the a. enforcement of a new fugitive slave law b. decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case c. imposition of a gag rule in the House of Representatives d. proposal of the Ostend Manifesto e. passage of the Wilmot Proviso

e. passage of the Wilmot Proviso

After the Civil War, the Freedmen's Bureau had its greatest success in a. halting the rise of the Ku Klux Klan b. enforcing the Fourteenth Amendment c. distributing land to former slaves d. arbitrating labor disputes between former slaves and their masters e. providing educational opportunities for former slaves

e. providing educational opportunities for former slaves

The primary objective of the founders of the Know-Nothing party was the a. abolition of slavery b. establishment of free public schools c. improvement of factory working conditions d. prohibition of communitarian experiments e. restriction of the rights of immigrants

e. restriction of the rights of immigrants

When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to a. end the Civil War b. abolish slavery c. free slaves held in the border states d. alienate Britain and France e. strengthen the moral cause of the Union

e. strengthen the moral cause of the Union