TCI Chapter 3-4 Study Guide

The principle that government is based on clear and fairly enforced laws and that no one is above the law is what ?

Rule of Law

Locke said what ?

Ruling body if offends against natural law must be deposed

How did the decision in Marbury V. Madison strengthen the power of the Supreme Court ?

Set the courts right to use Judicial Review to declare laws as unconstitutional

The supremacy Clause of the Constitution indicates how to resolve conflicts between what ?

State and Federal law.

Give an exampe of the principle of check and balances ?

Supreme Court declares law unconstitutional, President vetoes a bill, impeachment trial in Senate

What was the document that outlined the first formal government i the United States ?

The Article of Confederation

Which complaint was the greates barrier to ratifying the Constitution ?

The Bill of Rights being included

What did the Federalist favor ?

The creation of a strong federal government that shared power with the states.

By definition, a federal system divides power between what ?

The national government and the state governments.

What best defines the principle of popular sovereignty ?

The principle that the people are the ultimate source of the authority and legitimacy of a government.

What is the basic principle established in the supreme court case the United States V. Nixon ?

The rule of law

Why did the framers of the Constitution write the words "We the people" so much larger than the rest of the Preamble ?

They wanted to make clear that the power of out national government comes from the people.

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence ?

Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and James Madison

What was the purpose of the Preamble to the COnstitution ?

To set out the goals of the national government come ffrom the people, not the states.

The power of the president to reject a bill and send it back to congress is _______ power ?

Veto

What is the principle that federal law supersedes all state and local laws ? Supremacy Clase

What type of per are specifically listed in the Constitution ? Concurrent, Enumerated, Expressed, Reserved

What does it mean that the Constitution is the supreme "Law of the Land"?

When state laws conflict with federal laws, the federal laws prevail.

How did the Federalists try to build support for the Constitution ?

Wrote a series of 85 essays Known as the Federalist papers, Explained Key features of the Constitution.

The government provides a lawyer to a person who cannot afford one if that person is... ?

being charged with a serious crime.

When was the Bill of Rights finally ratified ?

1791

The Articles of Confederation reflected Americans' fear of... ?

A strong Central Government

What was the effet of the Supreme Court decision in McCulloch V. Maryland ?

Affirmed the supremacy of the national government over the states and upheld the implied powers of congress under the constitution.

Hobbes said what ?

All Mankind is in a perpetual and restless desire for power//that only stops in death.

Rousseau said what ?

Any law which the people has not ratified in person is void/ it is now law at all

Which political philosopher favored separate legislative, executive, ad judicial branches ?

Baron de Montesquieu

The process of amending the Constitution involves both.... ?

Congress and the states.

Where did colonial thinkers get their ideas about representative democracy ?

From the Judeo-Christion religious traditor

Which principle did Jefferson include in the Declaration of Independence ?

Government should protect a person's right to liberty, the power comes from the people, and people have a right to overthrow government if it doesn't protect a person's right.

Roger Sherman's compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey Plan was..... ?

His plan called for bicameral legislature with a different form of representation in each house.

Which governing body has the power to impeach officicals ?

House of Representative.

What were some of the main problems with the Articles of Confederation ?

It did not give the federal government the power to tax.

Why did the framers of the Constitution create three branches of government ?

It was the framers vision of limited government; keeping any one group from gaining too much power.

Why did smaller stated object to the Virginia Plan of the Constitution ?

It would have given dominance and legislative power to the larger states.

Wh ois knows as the Father of the Constitution and as the principal author of the Bill of Rights ?

James Madison

Who is considered the Father of the Constitution ?

James Madison

Which of these historic documents first established the principle of the rule of law ?

Magna Carta

List the defining characteristic of a federal system of government ?

Power is divided between central and regional government.

The preamble to the Constitution lists what ?

Purpose to be served by the Constitution

Freedoms that all people have by virtue of being human, God-Given freedoms is what ?

Natural Rights

Congress can "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper" for carrying out its duties ?

Necessary and proper

The First Words of the Constitution indicate that power and authority in our system of government come from the...?

People