TEAS General A&P

Which of the following is the basic contractile unit of the skeletal muscle?

Sarcomere

Is responsible for the transport of proteins within and out of the cell

The Golgi Apparatus

Which of the following does not describe the dermis?

The layer of the skin where cells containing the pigment melanin are found

Which of the following describes cellular respiration?

it is an oxidative catabolic activity

Which of the following does NOT correctly describe a cell membrane?

it is composed of single layer of lipids interspersed with proteins

Which of the following prefixes would likely be the most appropriate for measuring the weight of a 2,500 g kitten?

kilo

White blood cells contains many _____ because they need to dispose of harmful intruders such as bacteria and viruses. Which of the following options correctly completes the statement above.

lysosomes

Which of the following is the correct order of structures from simple to most complex?

mitochondria, neurons, nerve tissues, brain

Which of the following processes correctly describe the formation of new cells in order to replace worn-out and damaged cells during injury?

mitosis

Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption during bone growth and remodeling?

osteoclasts

Which of the following is the name of the imaginary vertical plane that equally divides the body into left and right?

sagittal plane

Which of the following is a substance that the kidneys remove from the blood during filtration?

salts

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the link between chromosomes and DNA?

Chromosomes include numerous genes, each of which is made up of a DNA sequence.

Which of the following organ system is not correctly paired with its function?

Digestive - provide defense against infectious diseases.

Which of the following hormones is not increased in plasma during dehydration?

Erythropoietin

Review the data in this table, and then choose the statement that draws the best conclusion?

Hours spent sleeping and score on the test correlate with one another

Which of the following is heterotrophic organism with a genome stored in DNA?

Human

Which of the following correctly describes the law of segregation?

It states that allele pairs segregate during gametogenesis and reunite randomly during the fertilization process

Which of the following is not true about reproductive hormones?

LH (luteinizing hormone) is produced by the posterior pituitary gland.

Which of the following is the process by which gametes divide and produce half the number of chromosomes found in a somatic cell?

Meiosis

Are the organelles responsible for converting nutrients to energy as ATP.

Mitochondria

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Spongy bone is lighter than compact bone

The number of protons is the same as?

The atomic number

Which of the following steps of protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus?

Transcription to mRNA

Which of the following correctly describes anatomical position?

Upright, arms at sides, palms facing anteriorly

Which of the types of tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the body?

connective tissue

Which of the following types of tissues functions in the covering, lining, and protection of surfaces and body cavities?

epithelial tissues

A lipid or fat molecule can be broken down into fatty acids and __________.

glycerol

Movement of molecules in a substance depends on _______ energy.

heat

Which of these bonds would we see between nitrogenous bases?

hydrogen bonds

Which of the following antigen-specific immune cells produce cytokines, which facilitate various immune reactions?

hyper T cells

Enzymes are biological catalysts that ___________.

increase the rate of any given reaction

Gas exchange between the blood and alveoli would be enhanced by ______________, but impeded by __________________.

increased alveolar surface area; increased membrane thickness

Which of the following organelles is responsible for digesting damaged cellular structures, as well as macromolecules and bacteria ingested by the cell?

lysosomes

Which of the following organelles plays a vital role in the breaking down of macromolecules?

lysosomes

HIV is a virus that destroys the body's defense against diseases by inserting itself into the host's DNA. In which part of the infected host cell will HIV virus be found?

nucleus

Which organelle is responsible for storing DNA?

nucleus

The respiratory system is composed of organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?

organ system

Melatonin is the hormone that regulates sleep-and-wake rhythm. Which of the following endocrine glands is responsible for producing melatonin?

pineal

In which segment of the nephron is glucose reabsorbed?

proximal convoluted tubule Note: Glucose, amino acids, and the majority of electrolytes and water are reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules via facilitated diffusion and active transport.

The _________________ is the blood vessel that carries oxygen depleted blood away from the heart.

pulmonary artery

Osteoblasts are specialized cells that secretes the protein collagen and other substances necessary for bone formation. Which of the following organelles is more likely to be predominant in osteoblast?

ribosomes

Which of the following is the largest organ system of the body?

skin

Which of the following anatomical terms is correctly matched with its meaning?

skull/ cranial NOTE: Carpal refers to the bone comprising the wrist. Cervical refers to the region of vertebrae in the neck. Inguinal is the superior region of the thigh.

The head is ___ to the neck.

superior

Which of the following describes the function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

synthesis and transport of proteins

Which would be the approximate mass of a car?

1,800 kg

Balance the following chemical equation: CH4 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl

CH4 + 4 Cl2 → CCl4 + 4 HCl

Which of the following is the most plausible sequence of events?

Born into musical family; grows up around music; starts learning guitar; plays concert

The same single-replacement reaction is run in two different beakers. The beakers are labeled as Beaker A and B and are heated to 75oC and 100oC, respectively. If the reactions are run for 15 minutes each, which of the following results would you expect to observe?

Beaker B produces more product than Beaker A

Which of the following is not true about thermoregulation?

Contraction of arrector pili muscles facilitates vasodilation.

Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back).

Coronal plane

Which of the following organ systems is correctly paired with its functions?

Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hormone signaling

Which of the following statements about diffusion is true?

Gas exchange in tissues is an example of diffusion. Osmosis is an example of diffusion. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion is a passive process

Which of the following descriptions is correct?

Gas: no definite volume and no definite shape

The genotypes of the parents in the Punnett square below can be described as __________.

Heterozygous dominant and homozygous dominant

Which of the following is a hypothesis?

If a student gets more sleep, they will get a higher test score.

Which of the following is true of insulin and glucagon?

Insulin and glucagon have opposite effects on blood glucose but work together to maintain homeostasis. Insulin and glucagon regulate the level of glucose in the blood. The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon.

Which of the following does not describe a sarcomere?

It completely surrounds the muscle fiber.

Which of the following is a function of the epidermis?

It protects underlying tissue from chemicals. It functions as a major component of the innate immunity It protects underlying tissues from abrasions.

Which of the following structures is correctly paired with its function?

Mouth- mechanical digestion

Which of the following is correct about muscle contraction?

Muscle contraction requires ATP. Sarcomere shorten during contraction. Neurotransmitters stimulate muscle contraction. Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.

What is the correct sequence in which inhaled air passes through the respiratory tract?

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Which of these is a function of a ribosome?

Ribosomes can decode mRNA and assemble amino acids for protein synthesis

Which of the following organelles is correctly paired with its function?

Ribosomes/ protein synthesis

Which of the following statements is true about protons?

The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element.

Is where synthesized proteins are processed and sorted

The rough endoplasmic reticulum

Which of the following statements is true about hydrogen bonds?

They form between a partial positively charged region on one molecule and the partial negatively charged region on another molecule

T-lymphocytes mature and become functional in which of the following organs?

Thymus

Which of the following comparisons between arteries and veins is true?

Veins have valves, and arteries do not.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an important indicator of water quality, and oxygen levels that are too high or too low can harm aquatic ecosystems. A biologist noticed that fish were dying in a local lake and was concerned that the DO levels were too low to support aquatic life due to extremely high temperatures that summer. To measure the DO levels, she brought back several lake water samples to her laboratory to measure the DO concentration as a function of temperature. To do this, she heated several samples of lake water to various temperatures and then measured the DO concentration in each sample. Some samples were kept at the outdoors temperature. Which of the following is the independent variable?

temperature

Why are control groups used in experiments?

to minimize the effect of variables

Divides the body into superior (up) and inferior (down)

transverse or horizontal plane

Which of the following correctly describe anatomical position?

upright, arms at side, palms facing anteriorly

Which of the following is not located on the anterior region of the human body?

vertebral column