TEST #1 FOR PHYS FINAL

Phosphorylation by a kinase

In a cell,____acts as a chemical "switch" to turn on chemical process.

S phase

A cell will duplicate its DNA in which of the following stages of the life cycle?

Will be converted into lactic acid; regenerating NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue

A metabolically active skeletal muscle cell has exhausted its available supply of exygen. Glycolysis continues in the cell, forming 2 molecules of pyruvic acid/glucose. The pyruvic acid

Enzymes promote rapid reaction rates by adding extra energy to the reactants.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE concerning enzymes?

A yellowish dicoloration of the skin and sclera of the liver

A new mother is asked by a friend is her newborn has jaundice. Being unfamiliar with this condition she is unsure of what to look for as an indication. Which of the following would indicate jaundice?

Fluid loss and possible cardiovascular shock

A person has suffered severe burns which consumed that complete thickness of the skin and part of the hypodermis. Thankfully, the face and neck area where not affected. The greatest immediate threat to this person would be

Ligand-gated

A protein channel that opens in response to the binding of a hormone or neurotransmitter is termed:

Hypotonic

A red blood cell is bathed in a solution. The cell becomes engorged with water and eventually lyses, releasing hemoglobin into the solutio. From this decription, you deduce that the solution is___to the redblood cell.

Disuse Atrophy

A young male in his twenties has been ridden for several weeks. Upon examination of his leg muscles you note a decrease in the size of his muscles. This is best dexcribed as_____.

The removal of K+ from the cell into the ECF

All of the following are functions of the sodium-potassium pump EXCEPT:

Metastasis

All of the following would be characteristic of a benign neoplasm EXCEPT:

The use of anabolic steriods will not affect behavior including mood swings, violent tendencies, and depression

All of the following would be true concerning anabolic-androgenic steriods EXCEPT:

Inadequate supply of nutrients

All of the following would induce a cell to divide EXCEPT:

Necrosis

An eldery individual, with a history of uncontrolled diabetes, is admitted into the hospital. You notice an area on the foot that is inflamed, has a foul odor, and is oozing pus. This situation involving the abnormal death of a tissue is best termed_____.

Magnesium chloride Solution

An individual is in need of an electrolyte replacement solution. Which of the following would satifiy that need?

Glycerol

As a result of lipolysis,____is produced and is subsequently converted to pyruvic acid which is then able to enter the Kreb's cycle to produce ATP. (Note: No beta oxidation occurs)

Ischemia(lack of blood supply) in tissue overlying bony structures due to pressure

Decubitus ulcers, or pressure sores are caused by?

Relax, Lower

Drugs called calcium channel blockers help to____arteries, relieve angina and ____blood pressure.

Cl-

In cystic fibrosis, an ion pump responsible for transporting____is made within the cell but not inserted into the plasma membrane resulting in an inadequate saline layer on the cell surface, dehydrated and sticky mucus.

Na+

In secondary active transport of glucose into the cell, which ion is the symport of glucose coupled to?

Cyanosis

In the case of airway obstruction,____may result form reduced oxygen level in the blood.

Increase capillary permeability

In the healing of a laceration, histamine would serve to:

Electrolytes

Ionic compounds when dissolved in water will produce ions and are referred to as___.

Release chemicals that divert blood vessels away from the tumor

Malignancies can have all of the following effects on organisms EXCEPT:

Denaturation

The Drastic, often irreversible, change in the structure of a protein resulting from the rupture of hydrogen bonds subjected to stress such as heat is termed:

Exocytosis

The active process involving vesicles used by cells to release enzymes and hormones to the extracellular fluid is known as?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

The cellular organelle responsible for lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage:

Testosterone

The chemistry and action of anabolic-androgenic steriods most closely mimics which of the following hormones?

Water will move from the sloution into the cell causing the cell to swell

The epithelial cells of excretory tissue have a solute content of 320 mOsm. The cells are removed from the organism and bathed in a solution that has a solute concentration of 290 mOsm. Which of the following would occur?

Oxygen

The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is____.

G2-M

The final opportunity for a check point to stop cell division if mutated DNA is present occurs between

Hypertrophy

The growth of a tissue through cellular enlargement, not cellular mulitpication is termed?

Lower the blood calcium levels

The hormone calcitonin is released from the thyroid gland in response to increased levels of calcium ions in the blood. If this hormone is part of a negative feedback system controlling blood calcium levels, what effect would calcitonin have on blood calcium levels?

H+

The movement of____through the ATP synthase generates the actual production of ATP by the electron transport chain located in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

2

The net gain of ATP from glycolysis alone is____per glucose.

Concentration gradient increases

The rate of diffusion increases if the

Fibrosis

The replacement of damaged cells with scar tissue is termed

Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells from the orginal tumor to a new location, where they seed the development of a new tumoe is termed:

Facilitated Diffusion

The transport of a certain molecule exhibits the following charactieristics: 1.The molecules move down their concentration gradient 2. At concentrations above a certain level, the rate of transport does not increase but levels off 3. Cellular energy is not required for transport to occur Based on these characteristics, what type of transport is being used by the molecules?

Krebs Cycle

The waste product, carbon dioxide which accumulates in the body, originates specifically from reacations of the____.

Pyrogens

These chemicals are released by WBC during illness to reset the set point for body temperature in a controlled fashion:

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

This type of specific bulk transport is used to bring iron, growth factors, and cholesterol into cells form the blood. It involves the formation of a clathrin-coated pit and vesicle.

A Malignant tumor that originates in the melanocytes of a pre-existing mole

What is melanoma?

Intracellular fluid contains large amounts of potassium, magnesium, and phosphate ions.

Which of the flollowing is correct?

Magnesium

Which of the following cations is necessary for the proper functioning of enzymes?

Impetigo

Which of the following conditions results from a bacterial infection of the skin?

Water is an excellent polar solvent

Which of the following correctly describes the importance of water in living organisms?

Lysosome

Which of the following organelles functions in intracellular digestion, glucose mobilization, and apoptosis?

Forms the basis for compatibility of blood transfusions, tissue grafts, and organ transplants.

Which of the following would correctly describe the function of the glycocalyx?

The sterile distilled water represents a hypotonic environment to any remaining tumor cells. The water will move into the cells causing them to swell and burst

Why would a surgeon irrigate a surgical wound from which a tumor has been removed with sterile distilled water rather than with sterile isotonic saline?