test 1 review questions
what characteristics of jargon help members of a co-culture communicate?
accurate, efficient, specific
the _____ phase of socialization is characterized by applying the general beliefs, attitudes, and expectations you possess to a group before you decide to join a new group
antecedent
if a communication act attends to rules and expectations that apply in a social situation, that means it contains the elements of _____ communication
appropiate
most communication researchers agree that competent communication is recognized as both effective and ____ in a given situation
appropiate
that a word like "ducks" has no characteristics of a duck - the word "duck" cannot fly, does not have a bill or webbed feet, and foes not quack - represents the concept that language is usually
arbitrary
when there has been a breakdown in communication, it usually means that individuals
are still communication but doing so ineffectively
a political communicator who is hiring a speech writer might look for which trait?
audience analysis expertise
communication with cultural ____ requires a willingness to be open-minded about cultural differences
awareness
what is more individualistic than a collectivistic culture
be true to yourself
characteristics that make something more likely to be selected
being repetitive being unusual being intense
interpersonal communication is
between 2 people
what is true about language
bound by context, governed by rules, sometimes unclear
small groups of people who assemble to generate ideas are classed _____ groups
brainstorming
locus refers to where the _____ of a behavior is located
cause
because people in the group are often uncomfortable boasting about accomplishments, you can help the group _____ by relating good news for others
celebrate success
environments that use relatively few channels are called _____ contexts
channel-lean
standard instant messaging is an example of a _____ context
channel-lean
environments that incorporate multiple communication channels at once are called _____ contexts
channel-rich
people who enjoy comic books, fly fishing, or participate in shared activities or beliefs may form a _____ within the larger culture
co-culture
During a class, you see a classmate roll his eyes, and you assume he either is bored or has dirt in his eye. To understand his behavior, you have applied
cognitive complexity
positive group relationships are built when member help build group _____ (the extent to which everyone works well together toward a common goal)
cohesion
people in ____ cultures place a high value on duty and loyalty
collectivistic
for many years, communication scholars have debated whether unintentional messages qualify as
communication
what describes verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture?
communication codes
what about communication is NOT correct?
communication has no rules
_____ is NOT a communication myth
communication skills are improved by practice
ethical considerations are particularly important when engaging in
compliance-gaining strategies that ask people to change the way they think or behave
what is the different between abstract and concrete
concrete: refers to something specific abstract: refers to a broad category of objects
when 91% of surveyed US adults report that their communication skills are above average, they are
confusing experience with expertise
the ideas or concepts that a word suggests constitute its ____ meaning
connotative
loaded language refers to
connotative meaning
what describes the extent to which others perceive us to be competent and trustworthy
credibility
____ describes the learned, shared ideas that distinguish one group of people from another
culture
what is not an example of a communication code?
culture
language is bound by
culture, context
what are components of the transaction model's definition of context
culture, experience, physical environment, gender
the dictionary definition of a word is known as its ____ meaning
denotative
the objective or descriptive definition of a word is knows as its ____ meaning
denotative
which of the following describes the language variations shared by people of a certain region or social class
dialects
when you have met each of your communication goals in a given situation it means you are an _____ communicator
effective
4 types of communication that characterizes a small group
encounter role consciousness-raising problem-solving
laws against hate speech
explicit
the behaviors we use to project our desired public image to others can be referred to as
facework
a communication myth is that communication is inherently
good
the interaction model should not be used to evaluate which of the following communication scenarios
heated town meeting with a lot of arguing a mom talking to her newborn infant
every culture has its own symbols that, by definition, stand for ____ that are vital and valued in that culture
ideas
a phrase whose meaning is purely figurative is an
idiom
one should ignore incoming text messages when engaging in face-to-face conversation is
implicit
personal experience, knowledge, and the closeness of a relationship are all factors that influence your _____ of another person's behavior
interpretation
which of the following is true about language
it is governed by rules
what terminology is understood only by others in the same co-culture?
jargon
what describes the structured system of symbols used for communicating meaning
language
a challenge an online group may face is
less diversity
when members distrust each other, disregard each other, or ignore each other, the group is experiencing
low social cohesion
a supervisor would most likely reprimand an irresponsible employee in public in what type of culture?
low-context
the process of adjusting our behavior in order to project the kind of image we want to project is known as image
management
language has layers of
meaning
the joining of multiple cultural groups in the united states has led it to being called a
melting pot
language can be used to
motivate action
what are functions of language
motivates action, separates us from others, connects us to others, expresses who we are
perception is a _____ process, which means that the stages overlap
non-linear
the second step in the perception process, _____ , helps you make sense of info by allowing you to compare and contrast it with other things you know about
organizarion
interpersonal perception helps us make meaning about people from
our own an others' behaviors
if you distrust directions given to you by a tipsy stranger, you are applying _____ filters
perceptual
what describes the predisposition to perceive only what we want pr expect to perceive?
perceptual set
what type of orientation to time conceives of time as holistic and fluid?
polychronic
when a group meets to discuss goals and strategies for meeting those goals, the group is involved in what type of communication process
problem-solving
what are the ways in which we abuse language
profanity, hate speech, defamation
when a group provides for one's physical health, safety, and well-being, the group is providing physical
protection
your environment includes both physical and ______ contexts
psychological
in the semantic triangle, the denotative meaning of a word is called the
referent
the sapir-whorf hypotheses maintains that language
reflects attitudes and behaviors of a cultures people influences the ways that members of a culture see the world
In any conversation, understanding depends on both the content, or literal, dimension of the message and its _____ dimension
relational
what characteristics make a stimulus stand out?
repetition intensity
what is the transaction model?
sees conversations as simultaneous 2-way flows treats conversation participants as both sources and receivers
what describes the tendency to remember info that supports our stereotypes and to forget info that does not?
selective memory bias
you perceive yourself through
self-concept
what are ways that self-concept can shape or communication behaviors?
self-fulfilling prophecy sef-monitoring
for good communicators, the process of being aware of their own behavior and how it affects others is called
self-monitoring
what are some types of language rules
semantic, phonological, syntactic, pragmatic
Remarking "it is never okay to steal" is an example of using communication to meet a(n) ____ need
spiritual
what describes how a word represents an object or idea but does not constitute the object or idea
symbolism
according to the text, language is a structured system of ____ used for communicating meaning
symbols
words are _____, or arbitrary representations of ideas or meanings
symbols
the semantic triangle helps us understand
the relationship between words and their denotative and connotative meanings
which persuasive strategy maintains that people will comply with requests if they believe that others are also complying
the social validation principle
what is the interaction model
treats communication as 2-way process includes context includes feedback
self-concept can be defined as your ___
understanding of who you are identity
a culture judges goodness, desirability, or beauty through
values
phonological rules
vary from language to language
what are characteristics of feedback?
verbal responses nonverbal responses
how do names define and differentiate us
we gain info about others we represent ourselves to others name is important component of your sense of self
what is true about words
we use words to refer to objects, events, and ideas words are arbitrary, having only meanings uses of language given them
select the "you" statements
you're making me mad you're not listening to me you don't know what you're doing you hurt my feelings