Test 2 Art history

Napoleon Bonaparte

After serving in various French army commands, ________ became first consul of the French Republic and proceeded to rule France for the next 15 years. a. Napoleon Bonaparte b. Camillo Borghese c. Maximilien Robespierre d. Jacques-Louis David

Nadar

Artists such as Delacroix, Daumier, and Courbet flocked to the studio of ________ for their portraits. a. Nadar b. Josiah Johnson Hawes c. Timothy O'Sullivan d. Alexander Gardner

Andrea Palladio

Chiswick House is a free variation on the work of ________ . a. Jacques-Germain Soufflot b. Pierre Vignon c. William Kent d. Andrea Palladio

Winckelmann

Credited as the first art historian, ________ published Reflections on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture and uncompromisingly designated Greek art as the most perfect art. a. David b. Adam c. Gibbon d. Winckelmann

the Grand Tour

During the 18th century, ________ fueled a renewed interest in classical antiquity. a. active excavations in Turkey b. trade agreements with Greece c. diplomatic relations with Rome d. the Grand Tour

George Washington

Greenough sculpted ________ in the Neoclassical style by portraying him seminude and enthroned, as Phidias depicted Zeus in the famous lost statue. a. Thomas Jefferson b. General Wolfe c. Robert Adam d. George Washington

Symbolists

Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, and Henri Rousseau were the leading ________ . a. Realists b. post-Impressionists c. Symbolists d. Impressionists

1852

In Caillebotte's Paris: A Rainy Day, the setting is a junction of spacious boulevards, a result of the redesign of the city begun in ________ . a. 1852 b. 1752 c. 1952 d. 1652

Monet

In Impression: Sunrise by ________ , the brushstrokes are clearly evident. a. Renoir b. Monet c. Manet d. Degas

picture's surface

In The Tub, Degas reveals his modernist exploration of the premises of painting by acknowledging the ________ . a. quality of color b. picture's surface c. nature of still life d. value of the figure

Morisot

In Villa at the Seaside, ________ used the open brushwork and the plein air lighting characteristic of Impressionism. a. Degas b. Monet c. Morisot d. Renoir

Courbet's

In ________ The Stone Breakers, the menial labor is neither romanticized nor idealized. a. Daumier's b. Corot's c. Courbet's d. Millet's

Neoclassical

In its form, the Oath of the Horatii is a paragon of the ________ style. a. Romantic b. Neoclassical c. Rococo d. Realist

Sargent

In the Daughters of Edward Darley Boit, ________ has effectuated the embodiment of the Realist belief that the artist's business is to record the modern being in the modern context. a. Sargent b. Tanner c. Eakins d. Muybridge

Millet's

In the aftermath of the Revolution of 1848, ________ investing the poor with solemn grandeur did not meet with the approval of the prosperous classes. a. Courbet's b. Daumier's c. Corot's d. Millet's

Guaranty (Prudential) Building

Louis Sullivan expressed the interior's subdivision on the exterior in his ________ . a. Marshall Field Wholesale Store b. Guaranty (Prudential) Building c. Crystal Palace d. Vienna Secession Building

Arts and Crafts

Members of the ________ movement dedicated themselves to producing functional objects with high aesthetic value for a wide public. a. Impressionist b. post-Impressionist c. Arts and Crafts d. pre-Raphaelite

Bouguereau

Mostly forgotten today ________ was a towering figure in the French art world during the 19th century. a. Bouguereau b. Courbet c. Daumier d. Millet

Timothy O'Sullivan

Of the Civil War photographs, the most moving are the unsparingly objective records of combat deaths and perhaps, the most reproduced of these is A Harvest of Death, Gettysburg, July 1863 by ________ . a. Alexander Gardner b. Josiah Johnson Hawes c. Nadar d. Timothy O'Sullivan

prefabricated materials

Paxton's exhibition building, the Crystal Palace, was built of ________ . a. concrete b. New England pine c. marble d. prefabricated materials

Eakins

The American artist ________ believed that knowledge, and where relevant, scientific knowledge, was a prerequisite for his art. a. Sargent b. Tanner c. Eakins d. Muybridge

Cassatt

The American artist ________ painted principally women and children with a combination of objectivity and genuine sentiment. a. Richardson b. Cassatt c. Morisot d. Whistler

William Blake

The Ancient of Days is the work of ________ . a. Francisco Goya b. Henry Fuseli c. William Blake d. Thomas Gainsborough

Beaux-Arts

The Baroque grandeur of the layout and ornament of the Paris Opéra is characteristic of an architectural style called ________ , which flourished in the late 19th and early 20th century in France. a. avant-garde b. Beaux-Arts c. fin-de-siècle d. Romanticism

Antoine Watteau

The Pilgrimage to Cythera is the work of ________ . a. Jean-Honoré Fragonard b. François Boucher c. Thomas Gainsborough d. Antoine Watteau

Art Nouveau

The ________ style was influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement, as well as Japanese print designs and the expressive patterns of post-Impressionist artists. a. Art Nouveau b. fin-de-siècle c. Impressionism d. Symbolist

Industrial Revolution

The ________ transformed the economies of continental Europe and North America. a. Social Revolution b. Industrial Revolution c. American Revolution d. French Revolution

Eiffel Tower

The ________ was built for the great exhibition in Paris in 1889 and was originally seen as a symbol of modern Paris. a. Saint-Lazare Train Station b. Casa Milá c. Eiffel Tower d. Guaranty (Prudential) Building

Herculaneum and Pompeii

The archaeological discoveries at ________ whetted public appetite for classicism. a. Paestum and Syracuse b. Pella and Pergamon c. Herculaneum and Pompeii d. Nineveh and Nimrud

Hawes and Southworth

The collaborative efforts of ________ can be seen in Early Operation under Ether. a. David and Gardner b. Ingres and Nadar c. Greuze and O'Sullivan d. Hawes and Southworth

Panthéon

The colonnade of the Roman temple of Jupiter at Baalbeck in Lebanon provided the inspiration for what building? a. Parthenon b. Panthéon c. Chiswick House d. Jefferson's Monticello

Brighton Pavilion

The exterior of ________ is a conglomeration of Islamic domes, minarets, and screens that has been called "Indian Gothic." a. Paris Opera b. Brighton Pavilion c. Houses of Parliament d. Hagley Park

Rodin

The leading French sculptor of the later 19th century was ________ . a. Carpeaux b. Horta c. Eiffel d. Rodin

Joseph Wright of Derby

The painting A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery was done by ________ . a. Jacques-Louis David b. Jean Antoine Houdon c. Joseph Wright of Derby d. William Hunter

sublime

The passion and energy of Turner's works not only reveal the Romantic sensibility, but also the concept of the ________ . a. dreadful b. sublime c. horrific d. monstrous

Jean-Baptist Greuze

The sentimental narrative became the specialty of ________ . a. Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin b. William Hogarthe c. Jean Antoine Houdon d. Jean-Baptist Greuze

Romanticism

The transition from Neoclassicism to ________ represented a shift in emphasis from reason to feeling, from calculation to intuition, and from objective nature to subjective emotion. a. Romanticism b. Academic art c. Rococo d. Realism

English

The vedute paintings of Antonio Canaletto were eagerly acquired by ________ tourists. a. American b. French c. English d. German

Palladio

Thomas Jefferson admired the work of ________ . a. Palladio b. Christopher Wren c. Borromini d. Bramante

interior design

When the Rococo style first appeared, it was primarily as a style of ________ . a. sculpture b. ceramics c. interior design d. engraving

Paris

Which city became the artistic center of the new, softer style called Rococo? a. Rome b. London c. Venice d. Paris

Julia Cameron

Which photographer added a dreamlike quality to the photograph appropriate for "fictional" characters? a. Julia Cameron b. Nadar c. Durieu d. Daguerre

Benjamin West

Who became the official painter to King George III and was cofounder of the Royal Academy of Arts? a. Thomas Jefferson b. Horatio Greenough c. John Singleton Copley d. Benjamin West

Antonio Gaudi

Who conceived a building as a whole and molded it almost as a sculptor might shape a figure from clay? a. Antonio Gaudi b. Joseph Maria Olbrich c. Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel d. Henry Hobson Richardson

Paul Cézanne

Who declared he wanted to "make of Impressionism something solid and enduring"? a. Paul Gauguin b. Paul Cézanne c. Vincent van Gogh d. Georges Seurat

Vincent van Gogh

Who explored the capabilities of colors and distorted forms to express his emotions as he confronted nature? a. Paul Gauguin b. Georges Seurat c. Vincent van Gogh d. Paul Cézanne

Chardin

Who painted quiet scenes of domestic life that offered the opportunity to praise the simple goodness of ordinary people? a. Watteau b. Chardin c. Greuze d. Hogarth

Friedrich

Who painted romantic transcendental landscapes? a. Ingres b. David c. Friedrich d. Géricault

Manet

Who scandalized the public with his painting of a nude prostitute and her black maid? a. Bouguereau b. Ingres c. Manet d. Gros

Géricault

Who sought to confront the viewer with the tragedy of the Medusa's horror, chaos, and emotion while at the same time invoking the grandeur of large-scale history painting? a. David b. Greuze c. Géricault d. Ingres

William Hogarth

Who translated satire into the visual arts? a. William Blake b. Joshua Reynolds c. Henry Fielding d. William Hogarth

Jean-Antoine Houdon

Who was the leading French Neoclassical sculptor of the late 18th century? a. Horatio Greenough b. Clodion c. Jean-Antoine Houdon d. Germain Boffrand

Impressionists

________ attempted to depict the incidental, momentary, and passing aspects of reality. a. Classicists b. Impressionists c. Expressionists d. Post-Impressionists

Post-Impressionism

________ had its roots in Impressionist precepts and methods, but it was not stylistically homogeneous. a. Post-Impressionism b. Symbolism c. Expressionism d. Japonisme

Carson, Pirie, Scott Building

________ is a building that required broad, open, well-illuminated display spaces. a. Crystal Palace b. Carson, Pirie, Scott Building c. Marshall Field Wholesale Store d. Guaranty (Prudential) Building

La Madeleine

________ is a symbolic link between the Napoleonic and Roman empires. a. Doric Portico, Hagley Park b. Chiswick House c. Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève d. La Madeleine

Angelica Kauffmann

________ painted Cornelia Presenting Her Children as Her Treasures, which exemplifies the Enlightenment fascination with classical antiquity and classical art. a. Angelica Kauffmann b. Benjamin West c. Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun d. Jacques-Louis David

Edvard Munch

________ produced both paintings and prints whose high emotional charge was a major source of inspiration for the German Expressionists in the early 20th century. a. Louis Comfort Tiffany b. Edvard Munch c. Pierre Puvis de Chavannes d. Berthe Morisot

Degas

________ studied the photography of others, but also used the camera consistently to make preliminary studies for his own work. a. Monet b. Degas c. Renoir d. Manet

Gertrude Käsebier

________ was a leading practitioner of the pictorial style in photography. a. Gertrude Käsebier b. Rosa Bonheur c. Eadweard Muybridge d. Thomas Eakins