Test 2: Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD manifestations

An inspiratory-expiratory (I:E) ratio of 2:1

A nurse is teaching a client with emphysema how to perform pursed-lip breathing. The client asks the nurse to explain the purpose of this breathing technique. Which explanation should the nurse provide?

It helps prevent early airway collapse.

As status asthmaticus worsens, the nurse would expect which acid-base imbalance?

Respiratory acidosis

emphysema labs

decreased PO2 chest x ray: lungs, normal heart decreaed vital capacity decreased FEV1

emphysema sx

destruction of alveoli exhalation difficulty pink puffer (barrel chest, pursed lip, breathing)

COPD

emphysema chronic bronchitis Inflamed airways obstruct airflow. Mucus secretions block airways. Overinflated alveoli impair gas exchange.

chronic bronchitis sx

frequent foul smelling productive cough infections blue bloater (obesity and bluish skin) dyspnea and activity intolerance

COPD diet

high protein

bronchitis labs

increased RBC increased H and H chest x ray: enlarged heart increased residual volume decreased vital capacity decreased FEV1

Which measure may increase complications for a client with COPD?

increased oxygen

asthma

inflammatory disorder of airways that leads to intermittent obstruction

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. To help this client maintain a patent airway and achieve maximal gas exchange, the nurse should:

instruct client to drink 2L fluids q day to loosen secretions

The nurse is caring for a patient with status asthmaticus in the intensive care unit (ICU). What does the nurse anticipate observing for the blood gas results related to hyperventilation for this patient?

respiratory alkalosis

complications

rib fracture pneymomediastinum pneumonia pneumothorax atelectasis status asthmatics

The nurse at the beginning of the evening shift receives a report at 1900 on the following patients. Which patient would the nurse assess first?

the newest admission

For a client with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which nursing action best promotes adequate gas exchange?

using a venturi mask