Test 2 Study Guide
F. Scott Fitzgerald Writings
"Bernice Bobs Her Hair" and "Babylon Revisited"
In what nonfiction work did Hemingway describe his particular theory about writing?
"Death in the Afternoon"
Ernest Hemingway writings
"Hills Like White Elephants"
Hemingway called his particular theory of writing the "______________ theory," also referred to as the "theory of omission."
"Iceberg"
Robert frost writings
"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" and "Desert Places"
13. What long poem by T. S. Eliot is considered the quintessential Modernist poem?
"The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock"
Iceberg Theory
90% of who we are is hidden/subconscious according to Freud.
11. How many Pulitzer Prizes for poetry did Robert Frost win? A. Four B. Two C. None D. Six
A
19. What does "etherized" (or "etherised," in the British spelling) mean? A. Anesthetized B. Displayed C. Enlarged D. Humiliated
A
6. What American poet wrote a tribute to Robert Frost, specifically referring to Frost's poetry delivery at a presidential inauguration? A. Galway Kinnell B. T. S. Eliot C. Maya Angelou D. Robert Penn Warren
A
In what Southern town did Fitzgerald meet the belle who later became his wife? A. Montgomery B. Birmingham C. Atlanta D. New Orleans
A
What does Bernice "bob" in Fitzgerald's short story? A. Her hair B. An apple C. A boat D. None of the above
A
Modernism
A cultural movement embracing human empowerment and rejecting traditionalism as outdated. Rationality, industry, and technology were cornerstones of progress and human achievement.
Harlem Renaissance
A period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
Bernice Bobs Her Hair
A scathing satire on the viciousness of the American privileged lasses, 'Bernice Bobs Her Hair' is about a young girl who goes to stay with her callous cousin. When she proves unpopular at the local dance, she enlists the help of her cousin to make her desirable to the local young men.
WW1
A war between the Allies and Central powers, it was mainly fought in europe.
Ernest Hemingway
American writer; he introduced a simplified style of writing. His novels The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms criticized the glorification of war.
American Expatriates
An American expatriate is defined as a "cultural stranger," who has left the home (American) culture and is temporarily working and living in a host (Chinese) culture. He or she needs to learn and adapt to the local culture to survive and then thrive.
14. Multiple Choice: At what American university did T. S. Eliot earn his undergraduate degree and work toward a graduate degree before continuing his education in France and England? A. Yale University B. Harvard University C. Princeton University D. Washington University
B
21. What is the term for the literary device that uses a part of something to represent its whole? The following line from T. S. Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is an example of this device: "I should have been a pair of ragged claws / Scuttling across the floors of silent seas." A. Metaphor B. Synecdoche C. Zeugma D. Syllepsis
B
9. To what sport or game did Robert Frost compare free verse poetry? A. Baseball B. Tennis C. Boxing D. Hockey
B
In what European city is Charlie at the beginning of "Babylon Revisited"? A. London B. Paris C. Rome D. Frankfurt
B
The title of Hemingway's 1926 novel The Sun Also Rises alludes to what source? A. Canto VI of Dante's Inferno B. The Book of Ecclesiastes in the Bible C. Plutarch's Lives D. T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land
B
What disease contributed to Fitzgerald's death by heart attack in 1940? A. Influenza B. Alcoholism C. Alzheimer's D. Schizophrenia
B
What type of condition kept Hemingway from enlisting in the Army in 1917? A. Missing trigger finger B. Poor eyesight C. Flat feet D. Clinical depression
B
Who is the boy that both Marjorie and Bernice like? A. Otis Ormonde B. Warren McIntyre C. Lincoln Peters D. George Hardt
B
Babylon Revisited
Babylon Revisited, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald is a short story haunting account of an American who struck it rich and lived big in Paris in the 1920s and then lost it all when the stock market crashed. Babylon Revisited" is a metaphor for the biblical destruction of an ancient city which is described in the New Testament as evil and as a city of corruption. Thus, Charlie revisits "Babylon", namely Paris, a spoiled city whose glory was destroyed by the stock market crash.
1. In what European country is the short story "Hills Like White Elephants" set? A. France B. Italy C. Spain D. Germany
C
1. Which of the following rhyme schemes fits "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"? A. ABAB CDCD EFEF GG B. There is no rhyme scheme; it's a free verse poem C. AABA BBCB CCDC DDDD D. ABBAABBA CDCDCD
C
22. In "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock," what happens when "human voices wake us"? A. We fall in love. B. We start a revolution. C. We drown. D. We see the beauty in life.
C
What Ivy League university did Fitzgerald attend (but never graduated from)? A. Harvard B. Yale C. Princeton D. The University of Alabama
C
What does Bernice do to get back at Marjorie? A. Steals her car B. Takes her clothes C. Cuts off her hair D. Kisses her boyfriend
C
What is "the crash" referred to in the story "Babylon Revisited"? A. An automobile accident B. A fall down some stairs C. The stock market collapse D. The aftermath of a sugar binge
C
What is the name of Charlie's daughter? A. Hayley B. Hilary C. Honoria D. Hannah
C
1. Although Robert Frost considered himself a New Englander, and the natural imagery of his poetry reflected the landscape of this region, in what state (of the United States) was he actually born?
California
2. Multiple Choice: At whose presidential inauguration did Robert Frost deliver a poetry recitation? A. Ronald Reagan B. Warren G. Harding C. Franklin D. Roosevelt D. John F. Kennedy
D
What is the "operation" that the characters obliquely discuss in "Hill Like White Elephants"? A. An appendectomy B. A kidney transplant C. Breast augmentation D. An abortion
D
What was the title of Fitzgerald's first novel, published in 1920? A. The Beautiful and the Damned B. The Great Gatsby C. Tales of the Jazz Age D. This Side of Paradise
D
18. What medieval Italian poet wrote the lines that serve as the epigraph to Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock," and from what work by this author (the medieval Italian poet) do these lines come?
Dante Alighieri; Canto 27 of the Inferno
Desert Places (Robert Frost)
Desert Places' by Robert Frost uses a snow storm and the fall of night as a metaphor for inner loneliness depression and feelings of desolation.
Why can T. S. Eliot be studied in both a British Lit and an American Lit course?
Eliot is known a an American-English Poet. He was a leader in the modernist movement and eventually moved to England and got his British citizenship.
15. True or False: As a college student, Eliot began writing poetry using traditional forms.
False
20. True or False: In the poem, Prufrock's confidence leads him to proclaim that he is like "Prince Hamlet."
False
4. True or False: Robert Frost was known for his experimentation with poetic form.
False
True or False: Hemingway is the only American writer to have won both a Pulitzer Prize and the Nobel Prize.
False
19th Amendment (1920)
Gave women the right to vote
Lost Generation
Group of writers in 1920s who shared the belief that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked moral values and often choose to flee to Europe
Name one of three factors that contributed significantly to Hemingway's mental decline in his later years. Describe this factor in at least two (2) complete sentences.
He presented risk factors for dementia. Namely alcoholism, sexual risk behavior, and repeated head trauma.
17. What are the three defining traits of High Modernist poetry?
Highly allusive, elitist, and intentionally difficult.
23. Name the two Biblical figures who feature prominently in Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock."
John the Baptist and Lazarus
Great Migration (of the 20th century)
Movement of about 2 million blacks out of the Southern United States. African Americans migrated to the Midwest, Northeast, and West. They were recruited to work in northern factories because of war production; move to urban areas; aggravate racial tensions; WW1
Jazz Age
Name for the 1920s, because of the popularity of jazz-a new type of American music that combined African rhythms, blues, and ragtime
Marcel Duchamp
Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, 1912
1913 Armory Show
Progressive Modernist Art Show that took place in 1913 and established the city as a important international center for art exhibitions.
18th Amendment
Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages
5. What term is given to a four-line stanza of poetry?
Quatrain
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" was written by American poet Robert Frost in 1922 and published in 1923, as part of his collection New Hampshire. The poem is told from the perspective of a traveler who stops to watch the snow fall in the forest, and in doing so reflects on both nature and society.The poem is often interpreted as conveying an attraction toward death, indicated in the final lines: 'The woods are lovely, dark and deep, but I have promises to keep, and miles to go before I sleep, and miles to go before I sleep. ' Here, the woods and the 'sleep' to which the speaker refers represent death.
3. What was the title of the poem that Robert Frost recited at a presidential inauguration?
The Gift Outright
What's the primary difference between the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the Nobel Prize for Literature?
The Nobel Prize is granted to individuals and organizations that have made contributions toward the improvement of human welfare, such as chemistry, medicine and physics. The Pulitzer acknowledges journalism that has best exhibited "distinguished journalism, outstanding writing and photography.
Hills Like White Elephants
The major theme in Hills Like White Elephants is the unwanted pregnancy the couple does not directly refer to. Choices, especially as they relate to gender roles, are also important themes in the story, as well as the limits of language and the breakdown in communication between the two characters.
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
This poem, the earliest of Eliot's major works, was completed in 1910 or 1911 but not published until 1915. It is an examination of the tortured psyche of the prototypical modern man—overeducated, eloquent, neurotic, and emotionally stilted. Loneliness: It becomes apparent early on in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" that the titular character is lonely, sexually, romantically and existentially. Prufrock finds himself haunted by women, by their judgments and withheld affections.
True or False: Hemingway supplied his fishing boat with machine guns and a trained crew and patrolled the waters around Cuba on the lookout for Nazis from 1938-1940.
True
Robert Frost (1874-1963)
Was an American poet. His work was initially published in England before it was published in America. He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech.
F. Scott Fitzgerald
a novelist and chronicler of the jazz age. his wife, zelda and he were the "couple" of the decade but hit bottom during the depression. his noval THE GREAT GATSBY is considered a masterpiece about a gangster's pursuit of an unattainable rich girl.
cynicism
an attitude or quality of belief that all people are motivated by selfishness
16. What are the three dominant characteristics of Modernism in general?
individualism, experimentation, absurdity or Fragmentation, Alienation, and Experimentation/Innovation.
Roaring Twenties
the decade of the 1920's which got this nickname because of the times prosperity and excitement
"outer and inner weather" (Frost)
the external forces of nature and the internal "weather" of the mind
Prohibition
the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment
Women's Suffrage
the right of women to vote
T.S. Eliot
wrote "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock," "The Waste Land" and "The Hollow Men;"American and British WWI poet, playwright, and literary critic
