Test on Floral Design Elements and Principles

Harmony

Achieved when all the elements, flowers, foliage and container complement one another; describes tangible and intangible.

Complementary Colors

Any two colors which are directly opposite each other on a color wheel.

Cool Colors

Are created using blues, greens and purples or various combinations of each; tend to represent water or the sky.

Warm Colors

Are created using reds, oranges, and yellows or various combinations of each; tend to represent sunlight and/or heat.

Positive Space

Area occupied by materials.

Dominance

Area of authority in a design.

Primary Colors

Basic building block of the color system; red, yellow, and blue.

Elements

Basic visual qualities of a design; includes line, form, space, texture, pattern, color, size and fragrance.

Intensity

Brightness or darkness of a hue.

Monochromatic

Color harmony of one chroma in different values; having or consisting of one color or hue.

Aggressive Colors

Colors which are easily seen at a distance.

Polychromatic

Combination of all color harmonies; showing a variety or a change of colors.

Triadic

Combination of any three colors equally distant from one another on a color wheel; union or group of three.

Asymmetrical Balance

Composed of different materials on either side of the central axis.

Pattern

Created by repeating lines, shapes and forms; also referred to as repetition.

Value

Describes the lightness or darkness of a hue.

Balance

Equality of distribution throughout an arrangement.

Principles

Expressed visually through the elements and include balance, proportion, harmony, unity, dominance, rhythm, and contrast.

Filler

Floral material which has an "airy" look to create the finishing touch.

Tetrad

Four colors equally spaced on a color wheel; a group or arrangement of four.

Color

Light reflected off an object; also referred to as hue.

Tone

Measure of color intensity when gray is added to a hue.

Secondary Colors

Mixture of two primary colors in equal amounts.

Unity

Organization of components into a whole resulting in a cohesive relationship of all parts; oneness of purpose.

Shade

Refers to the amount of black in a color; hue darkened by the addition of black, forms the shade of a hue.

Tint

Refers to the amount of white in a color; adding white to a color lightens its tint.

Proportion

Relationship in units/elements within a design in shape, size, quantity and degree of emphasis.

Opposition

Secondary principle of contrast; used to create a higher interest.

Emphasis

Secondary principle of dominance; area which stands out in a design.

Accent

Secondary principle of dominance; enhances or adds interest to a design.

Depth

Secondary principle of rhythm; dimension in a design achieved through the placement of materials; placing materials at different levels in a design.

Transition

Secondary principle of rhythm; use of material in a composition to connect two things which are opposite; visual movement from gradual degrees of change.

Form

Three dimensional configuration or shape; describes the length, width and height of an object; also known as shape.

Split Complements

Two complementary color sets.

Chroma

Used to describe the brightness or dullness of a color; used to measure the pureness of a color; quality of a color combining hue and saturation.

Rhythm

Visual movement throughout a design; usually achieved by means of repetition.

Texture

Visual or tactile feel of an item; surface quality; is known as pattern when enlarged.