Texas Government Exam 1 Ch. 1, 2, 3

Concurrent powers:

-Collect taxes -Create courts -Punish criminals

National Powers:

-Declare war -Print money -Handle foreign affairs

Two sources of policy making:

-Membership in the American Federal Union -State Constitution

State powers:

-Setup schools -Make marriage laws -Create county and city governments

Political culture refers to how we view the following four aspects of politics, government and society:

-The relationship between the government and the people -Rights and responsibility of the people -Obligations of the government -Limits on governmental authority

Reserved powers of the state:

10th amendment

Texas has how many constitutions?

7 (6 times longer then U.S. constitution)(400 Amendments)

Which factor contributed most to the increase in the population of Texas?

A natural increase in births in proportion to death.

Legitimacy

Acceptance of something as necessary, rightful, and legally binding

Supremacy Clause of the National constitution (Article IV-6):

Any act of the national government supersedes state government

Federal system:

Authorities will be divided between the 2 governments

Governors and state officials would tend to favor which type of federal funding, since it provides flexibility in terms of how the funds can be used?

Block Grants

Which of the following has played a prominent role in the political culture of Texas?

Business Leaders

As federal regulations became more intrusive, forcing states to change their policies in order to meet national goals, some people began calling our system a ________ federalism.

Coercive

5th Constitution

Constitution of 1866- Never put into effect- conformed once again to the U.S. Constitution

3rd Constitution

Constitution of the state of Texas-1845- Most respected-Allowed texans to retain ownership of public its public lands

Under the New Deal federalism is frequently describes as?

Cooperative federalism

Article VII- 7

Deals with Education

Articles IX- 9 and XI- 11

Deals with Local Government- Legislative has power to establish "Special Districts"

Authority

Decisions that are backed up by legitimate power.

Since late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, the Border region, including El Paso, McAllen, and Brownsville, has remained politically a ___ baston

Democratic Party

The understanding of the national government and state government are both sovereign within their sphere of influence is called?

Dual federalism

Horizontal federalism- Privileges and immunities (Article IV-4 sec. 2)

Each state must give every citizen the same rights it gives its own citizens

In which 1989 court case did the Texas supreme court unanimously declare that the huge disparities between rich and poor school districts were unacceptable and order changes in the financing of Texas public schools?

Edgewood v. Kirby

When Texas sold public land to public land to private owners, it also retained ownership of the mineral rights, these rights would provide funding for?

Education

Federalism is often used in countries that have?

Ethnic or cultural divisions

Agriculture accounts for 35 percent of the contemporary Texan workforce.

False

Houston is the second largest city in the Unties States.

False

NAFTA has created a free-trade market throughout North and Central America.

False

Oil was the primary industry in Texas during the 1800s.

False

The Nullification Crisis of 1833 was caused by South Carolina's attempt to ignore key provisions of the New Deal.

False

The Tenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution prevents state governments from imposing cruel and unusual punishments.

False

Moralistic

Governments primary responsibility is to promote public welfare

Houston is found in which part of Texas?

Gulf Coastal plains

Which city in Texas currently has the largest population?

Houston

Political Socialization

How we are taught these values

Trickle down theory of economics

If business flourishes prosperity will "Trickle Down" to those who work

Article V- 5 provides for the Judiciary Branch

Includes criminal and civil courts and helps interpret the United States Constitution

Inherent powers:

Inherent that the national government is the only government to deal with foreign affairs (China)

What is politics?

Laswell: process that determines who gets what, when and how for a society.

What are the three things Texans believe in?

Liberty, Equality, Democracy

Texas Conservatism includes:

Limited government, Free market place, Laissez-faire (Hands off government) Social Darwinism, Trickle down theory, Low taxes/ Low services

Bill of Rights

Listed first (Article 1)- Grantees more rights

Today's Constitution

More rigid (strict) than federal constitution

Unitary system:

National Government has the power

10th Amendment:

Power of the states

Expressed powers (Article 1, Section 8)(Legislative Branch)

Power that the U.S. Congress has that is specifically listed in the Constitution.

Concurrent powers:

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments.

Article IV- 4 provides for the Executive Branch

Powers include being able to veto, or reject, a proposal for a law

Implied powers (Article 1 , Section 8.8)

Powers of U.S. government which have not been explicitly granted by the Constitution but that is implied by the necessary and proper clause. (Necessary and Proper)

Basic constitutional articles:

Preamble, Bill of Rights, Separation of powers,

Checks and Balances

Prevents abuse of powers (Article III- Provides for the Legislative Branch)

Separation of Powers

Prevents concentration of power (Article II)- Three coequal branches

Article VIII- 8

Provides for Taxation and Revenue

Article VI- 6

Provides for suffrage

Texas is among several states that have decided to take what action in response to the Affordable Care act?

Refuse to expand access to Medicaid

Horizontal Federalism (Article IV- 4):

Relationships between states

Resulting powers:

Result when you ass powers together (Dollar bill)

Three means of disagreeing:

Right vs. Wrong Social Priorities Scarce Resources

Individualistic

Role of government limited to basic services to keep marketplace functioning- Loyalty important/ ideology not

Traditionalistic

Role of government limited to protecting status quo - Male dominates society- Keep elite in office

The second largest city in Texas today is?

San Antonio

Government's activities

Sets down rules and laws Implement national policy

The white primary, which was the practice of excluding African Americans from Democratic Party primary elections in Texas, was found unconstitutional as a result of which court case?

Smith v. Allwright

1st Constitution

State of Coahuila y Tejas-1828- Unicameral legislature- Texas w/ 2 of 12 seats in the legislature

Horizontal federalism- Extradition (Article IV-4 sec. 2)

States will agree to render or give back a cross state line fugitive

Article I section 8 (Expressed Powers)

Texans care about the people who show up to vote

4th Constitution

The Confederate Constitution of 1861- Became a state in the Confederate States of America (CSA)

Texas's political life grew out of which region?

The Gulf Coastal Plains

What is the New Deal?

The New Deal was a series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression by President Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed to restore prosperity to Americans.

6th Constitution

The Radical Republican Constitution- 1869- Texas v. White (States cannot secede) Supporters of Confederacy disqualified from voting

7th Constitution

The State Constitution of 1876- 90 delegates (mostly democrat)

Confederal system (Least Favored):

The central government only has the powers from the state

Prohibited powers:

The powers that are denied to the federal government, the state government, or both; also called restricted powers

During the New Deal period, in the Supreme Court a 1942 case (Wickard v. Filburn), it was argued that?

The regulatory power of the National government under the interstate commerce clause was so broad that there seemed no boundaries on national power.

2nd Constitution

The republic of Texas-1836-Adopted parts of U.S. constitution- Preamble-3 branches of gov.-Legalized slavery

Social Darwinism

Those who work hard end up on top, those who are lazy end up at the bottom

Purpose of Government

To establish justice and insure domestic tranquility- manages conflict and maintains order To provide for the common defense- need to protect citizens from attack To promote the general welfare- provide public goods, regulate society To secure the blessing of liberty- ensure all people are treated equally before the law

Three political subcultures

Traditionalistic, Individualistic, Moralistic

Although James Madison personally did not believe that the Tenth Amendment was necessary, he urged that it be adopted.

True

Cotton is one of the oldest grown crops in Texas.

True

The Fifteenth Amendment protects the rights of the citizens to vote regardless of race or order.

True

Unfunded mandates requiring states to meet the federal guidelines without financial support are associated with coercive federalism.

True

The social security act of 1935 created which of the following for eligible participants?

Unemployment insurance

Which of the following requires state governments to spend their own money to meet standards imposed on them by the federal government?

Unfunded mandates

3 ways of ordering relationships between central and regional governments:

Unitary system, Confederal system (Least favored), Federal system

Political culture

Values, attitudes, beliefs about the government and politics

According to the Tenth Amendment, any powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states.

belong to either the people or the states

According to the supremacy clause, found in Article VI mom the U.S. Constitution,

in a conflict between federal and state laws, federal laws precedence and will override state laws.

When compared to the rest of the nation, the population of Texas

is relatively young.

During the Nullification crisis of 1833, South Carolina tried to assert the right to veto (or nullify)

national legislation passed by congress

Culture

product of historical experience of people in area

in his landmark cases, Chief Justice John Marshall generally

supported the authority of the federal government over that of the state government.