texas government exam 2

which amendment to the constitution limits the president to two elected terms in office? a. 22nd Amendment b. 23rd Amendment c. 25th Amendment d. 21st Amendment

a. 22nd Amendment

the president's veto power is derived from which of the following? a. Article I of the Constitution b. Article II of the Constitution c. the Supremacy Clause d. the Executive Power Clause

a. Article I of the Constitution

which statement best explains how gerrymandering is related to competitive districts? a. Gerrymandering for partisan purposes leads to a decrease in competitive districts, but voters are also sorting themselves into less competitive districts. b. Gerrymandering for partisan purposes leads to an increase in competitive districts, plus voters are sorting themselves, making it easier for states to redistrict around them. c. Gerrymandering causes people to "self-sort," which increases the number of competitive districts. d. Gerrymandering causes people to "self-sort," which decreases the number of competitive districts.

a. Gerrymandering for partisan purposes leads to a decrease in competitive districts, but voters are also sorting themselves into less competitive districts.

which assertion supports the view that gerrymandering can be worthy goal? a. Gerrymandering helps create districts that are controlled by traditionally marginalized groups. b. Gerrymandering leads to increased voter turnout and more competitive elections. c. Gerrymandering allows districts to eliminate the voting power of marginalized groups. d. Gerrymandering forces voters to moderate their political positions.

a. Gerrymandering helps create districts that are controlled by traditionally marginalized groups.

how does the media contribute to a broken presidency? a. It challenges and draws negative attention to the president's actions. b. It ignores stories that relate to international affairs and world events. c. It chooses not to present certain stories about the president. d. It focuses too much on presidential election campaigns.

a. It challenges and draws negative attention to the president's actions.

which of the following is an accurate description of descriptive representation? a. It measures how closely members of the Texas Legislature resemble the state's social or demographic identities. b. It is the form of representation that is closest to direct democracy. c. It focuses on the constituent's expectation that his or her policy views will be expressed by elected representatives. d. It ensures that the long-term best interests of Texans are reflected in state policy.

a. It measures how closely members of the Texas Legislature resemble the state's social or demographic identities.

according to the text, why was congress slow to act on president obama's health care reform proposal? a. Members faced conflicting pressures when evaluating the proposed reforms. b. Members did not feel that the nation's health care system was in need of reform. c. Democratic Party leaders spoke out strongly against the proposed reforms. d. Republican Party leaders spoke out strongly in favor of the proposed reforms.

a. Members faced conflicting pressures when evaluating the proposed reforms.

how did president trump's and congress's actions on health care reform illustrate the concept of the trustee model of representation? a. The president and Congress acted in what they saw was the public's best interest, even without clear public support for the health care reform law. b. The president and Congress acted in the interests of health care reform advocacy groups, despite public opposition to the bill. c. The president and Congress acted in their own self-interest, regardless of the wishes of their constituents. d. The president and Congress acted in direct response to public support for the health care reform law.

a. The president and Congress acted in what they saw was the public's best interest, even without clear public support for the health care reform law.

which of the following is an example of presidential strategy? a. The president pursues an ambitious legislative agenda because he has high approval ratings. b. The president signs an executive order to create the Environmental Protection Agency. c. The president meets with opposition leaders in Congress to discuss compromise legislation. d. The president orders preemptive missile strikes on a terrorist compound.

a. The president pursues an ambitious legislative agenda because he has high approval ratings.

globalization and technological progress have had which of the following effects on the U.S. presidency? a. They have generally increased presidential power. b. They have made it easier for the president to make decisions. c. They have generally decreased presidential power. d. They have not had any effect on presidential power.

a. They have generally increased presidential power.

according to barber's typology, which of the following personality types potentially makes the best type of president? a. active positive b. passive positive c. active negative d. passive negative

a. active positive

which of the following states has only one "at-large" member in the house of representatives? a. alaska b. oregon c. hawaii d. new hampshire

a. alaska

how does the majority party exercise more power than the majority party in congressional proceedings? a. by controlling the referral of legislation to committees b. by determining which bills become laws c. by voting on legislation in the event of a tie d. by proposing legislation

a. by controlling the referral of legislation to committees

which of the following would represent an instance of the president "going public"? a. circumventing Congress to petition the people directly b. delivering a State of the Union address c. opening campaign donations to the people d. revealing classified information

a. circumventing Congress to petition the people directly

What type of committee is charged with reconciling the differences between two versions of the same bill? a. conference committees b. legislative committees c. standing committees d. bipartisan committees

a. conference committees

which british political theorist is most associated with the notion of the trustee style of representation? a. edmund burke b. monty python c. john locke d. bertrand russell

a. edmund burke

which of the following presidents had the largest decline in his job approval ratings following a state of the union address? a. george h.w. bush b. ronald reagan c. bill clinton d. george w. bush

a. george h.w. bush

what is the term for the representational dynamic that each member of congress develops to mee the specific expectations of his or her constituents? a. home style b. political kinship c. keep it 100 d. district support

a. home style

what competing values must representative gaetz weigh when making legislative decisions? a. ideological opposition to government spending, but support for spending in day-to-day governing b. ideological support for government spending, but opposition to spending in day-to-day governing c. support for both higher taxes and spending cuts d. support for spending cuts and refusal to accept federal government funds

a. ideological opposition to government spending, but support for spending in day-to-day governing

when did congress pass a bill to limit its size? a. in 1929 b. in 1920 c. in 1791 d. in 1964

a. in 1929

what occurs during the process known as "fracking"? a. injecting water and chemicals into the ground in order to create deep rock fractures that make extracting petroleum and natural gas more accessible b. the capturing of heat energy generated at the Earth's surface from sources such as lava flow or hot springs c. the capturing of tidal energy caused by currents in the ocean d. the burning or biochemical conversion of any organic matter for fuel

a. injecting water and chemicals into the ground in order to create deep rock fractures that make extracting petroleum and natural gas more accessible

how large is the federal civilian workforce in the executive branch? a. nearly 2.8 million employees b. nearly 1.5 million employees c. nearly 500,000 employees d. nearly 100,000 employees

a. nearly 2.8 million employees

which of the following factors is most important to the president's success in congress? a. party makeup of congress b. the president's job approval ratings c. the president's leadership skills d. whether or not it is a reelection year

a. party makeup of congress

what term is used to describe a situation in which the president does not sign a bill before congress adjourns? a. pocket veto b. markup c. filibuster d. cloture

a. pocket veto

james david barber, a noted presidential scholar, achieved renown when he foresaw problems based on the character of which president? a. richard nixon b. john f. kennedy c. bill clinton d. george w. bush

a. richard nixon

the relationship between a president and his party is typically described as which of the following? a. symbiotic b. parasitic c. intense d. generally negative

a. symbiotic

which department was most recently added to the president's cabinet? a. the Department of Homeland Security b. the Department of Housing and Urban Development c. the Department of Education d. the Department of Agriculture

a. the Department of Homeland Security

executive privilege was invoked in which of the following cases? a. the Kavanaugh confirmation hearings in the Senate b. school desegregation in Little Rock, Arkansas c. "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" d. the White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives

a. the Kavanaugh confirmation hearings in the Senate

which of the following situations represents a check on presidential power? a. the Senate holding a vote on a Supreme Court nomination b. the Supreme Court declining to hear a challenge to an executive order c. the president promoting an aide to become his new chief of staff d. the governor of a state deciding to challenge the president for reelection

a. the Senate holding a vote on a Supreme Court nomination

which form of representation is closest to direct democracy? a. the delegate model b. the presidential model c. the proportional model d. the trustee model

a. the delegate model

what led dickerson to his thesis that the presidency is broken? a. the expectations placed on the Obama administration b. the expectations placed on the Bush administration c. the expectations placed on the Trump administration d. the expectations placed on the Johnson administration

a. the expectations placed on the Obama administration

what is the primary concern with informing iran of potential U.S. military action taking place in their territory? a. the iranian government is not trusted by U.S. intelligence agencies and could foil american plans b. the reaction by the international community could be negative and result in a withdrawal support by out allies c. it increases the risk of innocent people being hurt or killed d. iran could retaliate with economic sanctions against the united states

a. the iranian government is not trusted by U.S. intelligence agencies and could foil american plans

who is arguably the most powerful official in the texas legislature? a. the lieutenant governor b. the majority leader of the texas house c. the speaker of the texas house d. the budget comptroller

a. the lieutenant governor

which of the following options best describes partisan gerrymandering? a. the practice of drawing political districts to benefit one party over another b. the process of allocating House seats to each state in Congress c. the practice of ensuring that all districts mirror the party breakdown of voters in the state d. the process of drawing political maps to benefit a minority group

a. the practice of drawing political districts to benefit one party over another

what is a primary function of whips within congress? a. to enforce party discipline b. to act as majority leaders c. to act as liaisons with the executive branch d. to propose amendments to bills

a. to enforce party discipline

what was the goal of the war powers resolution of 1973? a. to limit the power of presidents to engage the U.S. military without congressional approval b. to formally end the war in Vietnam c. to increase public knowledge of wartime developments by granting the media greater access to the Pentagon d. to expand the military authority of the president and relieve Congress of certain military-related responsibilities

a. to limit the power of presidents to engage the U.S. military without congressional approval

why are white house advisors so important to the presidency? a. white house advisors primarily allow the president to handle more tasks and responsibilities than he could without them b. white house advisors primarily provide electoral advice to the president so that he can best achieve his electoral goals c. white house advisors primarily provide historical advice to the president so that he can best achieve his historical relevance goals d. white house advisors primarily provide policy advice to the president so that he can best achieve his policy goals

a. white house advisors primarily allow the president to handle more tasks and responsibilities than he could without them

why did lack of public support not undermine president obama's health care legislation? a. The public was largely uninterested in the issue of health care reform. b. He had enough Democratic support in both houses of Congress. c. He was able to sign the legislation during his lengthy honeymoon period. d. He received additional legislative support after the special election in Massachusetts.

b. He had enough Democratic support in both houses of Congress.

how did the state of california attempt to overcome the problem of incumbent gerrymandering? a. It appointed the state supreme court to oversee all redistricting. b. It established an independent redistricting commission composed of regular citizens. c. It mandated that the redistricting committee in the state legislature be composed of equal numbers of Democrats and Republicans. d. It allowed all new district lines to be approved or rejected by voters in popular referendums.

b. It established an independent redistricting commission composed of regular citizens.

what does the powell doctrine state? a. Unilateral use of force should be used to demonstrate American strength. b. Overwhelming force should be used to subdue an enemy of the United States. c. Alliances are the best show of force to deter an enemy. d. Economic and military support of the harboring country protects the interests of the United States.

b. Overwhelming force should be used to subdue an enemy of the United States.

which of the following is a check on the president's power to appoint judges? a. budgetary support b. Senate confirmation c. judicial veto d. bureaucratic approval

b. Senate confirmation

which of the following is an example of presidential persuasion? a. The president prioritizes a major policy proposal because his party controls Congress. b. The president meets with House and Senate leaders to convince them to pursue his policy agenda. c. The president commits troops to an international conflict to protect U.S. national security. d. The president acts as a trustee in supporting legislation without public support.

b. The president meets with House and Senate leaders to convince them to pursue his policy agenda.

which statements about executive orders is accurate? a. The Supreme Court does not have the power to rule on the constitutionality of executive orders. b. The president's authority to issue executive orders is derived from the presidential oath of office and the Executive Power Clause. c. The president's authority to issue executive orders is an expressed power from Article III of the Constitution. d. Executive orders require a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress to become law.

b. The president's authority to issue executive orders is derived from the presidential oath of office and the Executive Power Clause.

what conclusions can be drawn from the recent vote in great britain to leave the european union and president trump's questioning of the united states' participation in NAFTA? a. Globalization is stronger than ever. b. The process of globalization is not inevitable. c. The process of globalization remains unchanged. d. Globalization has ended.

b. The process of globalization is not inevitable.

as implied by this essay, what is likely to happen if the white house organization is functioning properly? a. White House staff members represent the views of the Executive Office of the President, which gives the president more time to concentrate on other responsibilities. b. White House staff members represent the president's views accurately and thus serve as a direct extension of the president's own views. c. White House staff members represent the views of the chief of staff, not the president. d. White House staff members represent their own views, which gives the president more time to concentrate on other responsibilities.

b. White House staff members represent the president's views accurately and thus serve as a direct extension of the president's own views.

which of the following describes the committee on Homeland Security? a. a conference committee that later became a joint committee b. a special committee that later became a standing committee c. a joint committee that later became a conference committee d. a standing committee that later became a special committee

b. a special committee that later became a standing committee

if a member of congress voted for the president's federal budget against the will of his constituents, we would say that the congressman was doing what? a. using the filibuster b. acting as a trustee c. using the nuclear option d. acting as a delegate

b. acting as a trustee

which of the following statements accurately characterizes the legislative process? a. there are no sure victories in congress, and so presidents must work hard to ensure passage of their top priorities b. all of these options are correct c. major policy change takes time and persistence, even when the president's party controls congress d. high job approval ratings might not help the president achieve legislative success if the public does not also support the president's policy proposal

b. all of these options are correct

where in the u.s. constitution can we find a description of most powers related to the presidency? a. article VI b. article II c. article I d. article IV

b. article II

in which of the following ways do congressional committees exercise authority over the workings of the federal bureaucracy? a. by hiring and firing department heads b. by holding committee oversight hearings c. by advising the president regarding management of agencies d. by terminating government programs

b. by holding committee oversight hearings

what role does dickerson argue president george w. bush did not meet due to the demands of the public? a. chief legislator b. crisis manager c. commander-in-chief d. party chief

b. crisis manager

which of the following is an expressed presidential power? a. exercising executive privilege b. entering into treaties with foreign nations c. entering into executive agreements d. serving as head of state in diplomatic relations

b. entering into treaties with foreign nations

when does the texas legislature meet? a. every other year from January to December b. every other year for 140 days c. every year d. every year from January to September

b. every other year for 140 days

how has presidential power changed over the course of american history? a. it grew for a short time and then shrunk again b. it has grown over time c. it has shrunk considerably d. it has remained largely the same

b. it has grown over time

membership in congress can be generally described as which of the following? a. "looks like" the U.S. population b. mostly "old white guys" c. comprised of members that have rarely held political office d. about the same median age as the U.S. population

b. mostly "old white guys"

which of the following is unique to the senate bill review process? a. review by subcommittees b. potential for filibuster c. review by committees d. ability to override a presidential veto

b. potential for filibuster

what are the term lengths from the members of each house of congress? a. ten years for senators and five years for representatives b. six years for senators and two years for representatives c. ten years for representatives and five years for senators d. six years for representatives and two years for senators

b. six years for senators and two years for representatives

which of the following provides basis for proportional representation in our national legislature? a. unlimited congressional growth capacity b. the decennial census c. presidential decree d. congressional legislation

b. the decennial census

which of the following can initiate impeachment proceedings? a. the chief justice b. the house c. the senate d. the president

b. the house

who is the institutional leader of the house? a. the vice president b. the speaker c. the majority leader d. the majority whip

b. the speaker

the fact that bill clinton left office with a much higher approval rating than that of george w. bush can be explained by which of the following factors (among others)? a. Bush's charismatic personality b. the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan initiated by the Bush administration c. the thriving economy at the end of the Bush administration d. Clinton's scandal-free tenure in office

b. the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan initiated by the Bush administration

how many executive departments existed during the time that george washington served as president? a. six b. three c. one d. none

b. three

How have presidents expanded their power over time? a. through public relations campaigns b. through their interpretation of implied powers c. through their use of expressed powers d. through constitutional amendments

b. through their interpretation of implied powers

which of the following reflects a duty of the vice president? a. to oversee troop deployments b. to vote in the Senate if there is a tie c. to replace the Speaker of the House in his or her absence d. to remain a constant presence in Congress

b. to vote in the Senate if there is a tie

Which form of representation would probably be most effective at ensuring that the long-term best interests of the whole country are reflected in government policy? a. parliamentary representation b. trustee representation c. proportional representation d. delegate representation

b. trustee representation

which of the following is an example of an expressed power? a. organizing the federal bureaucracy b. vetoing legislation c. invoking executive privilege d. issuing executive orders

b. vetoing legislation

according to dickerson, what has been the most insidious, or subtle, change to the office of the presidency? a. judicial interpretations of presidential power b. voter expectations of presidential candidates c. the growing number of civilian employees in the federal bureaucracy d. increased acts of terrorism and a dangerous international climat

b. voter expectations of presidential candidates

which of the following would generally be considered the PRIMARY personal goal of most members of congress? a. assignment to the position of chair of their desired committee b. winning reelection c. achieving power and prestige d. passing certain legislation

b. winning reelection

how many house democrats voted against the affordable care act? a. 6 b. 16 c. 36 d. 26

c. 36

what is the best approach for a state senator who wishes to advance the bill? a. Attempt to amend the bill in committee to make it less favorable to supporters. b. Attempt to delay the bill and hope the clock "runs out" on the legislative session. c. Attempt to schedule a vote on the bill as soon as possible. d. Filibuster the bill when it hits the senate floor.

c. Attempt to schedule a vote on the bill as soon as possible.

what are the main provisions of the campus-carry law? a. It allows individuals with open-carry permits to bring guns to campus and designates safe zones on university and college campuses. b. It outlaws safe zones on university and college campuses and allows individuals with permits to open-carry on campus. c. It allows concealed guns on college campuses but also allows public universities and colleges to establish safe zones. d. It outlaws gun-free zones on university and college campuses and allows firearms to be sold on campus.

c. It allows concealed guns on college campuses but also allows public universities and colleges to establish safe zones.

which statement BEST summarizes the president's schedule leading up to the raid on osama bin laden? a. it was calm and relatively empty, which allowed President Obama to thoroughly plan the raid. b. It was filled with unexpected events, limiting President Obama's ability to execute the raid. c. It was overly busy and required the president to assume many different roles. d. It was chaotic and lead to the president's failure to execute the raid on time.

c. It was overly busy and required the president to assume many different roles.

which of the following is an accurate statement regarding women in congress? a. Membership in the U.S. Congress reflects the real population of women in America. b. Membership in the U.S. Congress is less than 10 percent female. c. Membership in the U.S. Congress reflects the average membership of women in parliaments around the world. d. Female membership in the U.S. Congress is far greater in proportion to that of legislatures in Nordic countries.

c. Membership in the U.S. Congress reflects the average membership of women in parliaments around the world.

whats the difference between packing and cracking? a. Cracking complies with the Voting Rights Act by creating minority districts, whereas packing protects a community of interest by putting all of its members in a single district. b. Cracking is the concentration of the opposing party in a district, while packing entails spreading out the opposing party across districts. c. Packing concentrates the opposing party in one district, while cracking dilutes the opposing party's voting power. d. Packing occurs when a state legislature creates minority districts in order to comply with federal law, whereas cracking happens when a state commission mandates a more competitive district.

c. Packing concentrates the opposing party in one district, while cracking dilutes the opposing party's voting power.

which of the following occurred during the great depression and its aftermath? a. The federal government contracted in size due to the severity of the recession. b. The Supreme Court's interpretation of the Commerce Clause remained consistent with its historical treatment of this clause. c. The executive branch created a number of new bureaucratic offices. d. Government programs were implemented to deal with events like Shays' Rebellion.

c. The executive branch created a number of new bureaucratic offices.

which of these statements best summarizes dickerson's argument about the modern presidency? a. The many limitations imposed on modern presidents prevent them from achieving all their goals, causing whoever is in office to fail. b. The presidency has always been a broken and inefficient office, even before the expansion of the office in the early 20th century. c. The expectations of the modern presidency are too much for any one person to perform successfully, which will lead to failure. d. The checks and balances outlined in the Constitution have broken the idea of the presidency, and a constitutional convention is in order.

c. The expectations of the modern presidency are too much for any one person to perform successfully, which will lead to failure.

how do modern presidential campaigns contribute to a "broken presidency?" a. They require an unattainable amount of money to run for office. b. They allow candidates to reach constituents more easily through social media. c. They encourage candidates to appeal to one side of a polarized electorate. d. They encourage candidates to focus more on policy-oriented positions than on individual characteristics.

c. They encourage candidates to appeal to one side of a polarized electorate.

which of the following is true of parties and committees? a. They are mentioned several times in Article I of the U.S. Constitution. b. They were invented by political operatives in the late 20th century. c. They improve Congress's ability to function productively and efficiently. d. They impede Congress's ability to function productively and efficiently.

c. They improve Congress's ability to function productively and efficiently.

how did the founders envision presidential power? a. They intended the executive to be the least powerful branch of government. b. They considered it unlimited. c. They intentionally limited it. d. They intended the executive to be more powerful than Congress.

c. They intentionally limited it.

Because the Texas legislature has an unusual meeting schedule, what must happen for bills to have any chance of passage? a. They must be introduced late in the session after other business has been taken care of. b. They must be approved in principle by the Texas Supreme Court. c. They must be introduced early in the legislative session. d. They must have the governor's full support.

c. They must be introduced early in the legislative session.

according to presidential historians, which president ranked first in terms of leadership characteristics? a. franklin d. roosevelt b. dwight d. eisenhower c. abraham lincoln d. ronald reagan

c. abraham lincoln

when a large group of people (such as draft dodgers) are not punished for a crime but rather brought into compliance with the law, this is known as what? a. a pardon b. a reprieve c. amnesty d. executive forgiveness

c. amnesty

looking at each presidential term, what also appears to be a regular pattern in presidential approval ratings? a. approval ratings tend to decline during a presidential term b. approval ratings tend to increase during presidential term c. approval ratings tend to be high at the beginning of a presidential administration and tend to decline during a presidential term d. approval ratings tend to be high at the beginning of presidential administration

c. approval ratings tend to be high at the beginning of a presidential administration and tend to decline during a presidential term

when might a conference committee form? a. before a bill is proposed b. during a filibuster c. at the end of the legislative process d. after a natural disaster

c. at the end of the legislative process

how has president donald trump changed the relationship between the presidency and party members? a. by inviting party leadership to speak for him in the press b. by using his influence to campaign for party members c. by using Twitter to bypass the filters of party and press d. by giving his legislative agenda to members of his own party in Congress before "going public"

c. by using Twitter to bypass the filters of party and press

which of the following was a primary focus of government policies and programs between the 1780s and 1930s? a. federal bureaucratic expansion b. social initiatives such as welfare and pension programs c. commerce between states and with other nations d. economic stimulus

c. commerce between states and with other nations

which of the following is MOST likely to influence whether a member is selected for a committee assignment? a. ethnic background b. age c. demographic profile d. gender

c. demographic profile

as an advisor to a president who is known to be a strong believer in the powell doctrine, which of the following policy options would you most likely present to him or her? a. informing the Iranian government and seeking cooperation in retrieval of the suspect b. informing the UN Security Council and submitting a resolution for authorization of use of force c. directing an open military attack that would overwhelm the compound and the terrorist forces d. coordinating a small group of U.S. Special Forces for a covert operation into Iran

c. directing an open military attack that would overwhelm the compound and the terrorist forces

how does the article define competitive districts? a. districts with more than 30 consecutive close races for the House over time b. districts with more than three candidates running for office c. districts with less than a 10-point difference in partisan votes d. districts where large amounts of money are spent campaigning

c. districts with less than a 10-point difference in partisan votes

what action by president trump was limited by federal courts? a. the equal rights act b. the voting rights act of 1965 c. executive order 13769 d. the war powers resolution

c. executive order 13769

if we consider a member of congress to be acting as a delegate, what is that person doing? a. acting on personal conviction b. relying on his or her own judgment c. following the will of his or her constituency d. solving problems based on available information

c. following the will of his or her constituency

which of the following presidents is characterized as having a passive negative personality? a. ronald reagan b. woodrow wilson c. george washington d. bill clinton

c. george washington

the deliberate manipulation of district lines for electoral advantage is known as what? a. reapportionment b. redistricting c. gerrymandering d. seat allotment

c. gerrymandering

when does the vice president vote? a. in the event of a tie in the house b. in the absence of the speaker c. in the event of a tie in the senate d. in the absence of the president

c. in the event of a tie in the senate

which of the following is an implied presidential power? a. vetoing legislation b. making policy recommendations c. issuing executive orders d. appointing department heads

c. issuing executive orders

what is the most common professional background among members of congress? a. education b. medicine c. law d. finance

c. law

presidents have historically depended on their party in which of the following capacities? a. funding the campaign b. supporting judicial nominees c. mobilizing voters d. setting the agenda

c. mobilizing voters

which of the following represents a presidential check on judicial power? a. presiding over an impeachment hearing b. vetoing legislation c. nominating justices to federal courts d. convening Congress

c. nominating justices to federal courts

which of the following would be considered an institutional norm developed in congress? a. success b. cloture c. reciprocity d. regulation

c. reciprocity

according to dickerson, what can we do to fix the presidency? a. elect a third-party candidate for president b. impeach President Trump c. reevaluate our criteria for presidential candidates d. organize mass protests around the country

c. reevaluate our criteria for presidential candidates

in which of the following categories is congress MOST representative of the U.S. population at large? a. gender b. age c. religious affiliation d. professional background

c. religious affiliation

the united states' role as a world leader has which of the following consequences? a. decreased presidential power b. increased isolationism c. ripple effects from domestic economic activity d. a transition away from importing and exporting

c. ripple effects from domestic economic activity

which of the following is a duty the president assumes as a public opinion leader? a. shape the party agenda b. implement party priorities c. shape the national agenda d. serve as head of state

c. shape the national agenda

who is elected by all the voters of texas? a. your state senator b. your high school football coach c. the lieutenant governor d. the speaker of the house

c. the lieutenant governor

which portion of the constitution gives congress the power to make laws? a. the supremacy clause b. the commerce clause c. the necessary and proper clause d. the establishment clause

c. the necessary and proper clause

which of the following is considered a standing committee? a. a special committee b. the select committee on benghazi c. the rules committee d. an ad hoc committee

c. the rules committee

in a fast-moving international crisis where there is little time to act, which of these would probably be the best model of representation? a. the proportional representation model b. the delegate model c. the trustee model d. the laissez-faire model

c. the trustee model

the passage of the american recovery and reinvestment act occurred during which type of government? a. divided government b. unitary government c. unified government d. a government shutdown

c. unified government

approximately what percentage of congress is female? a. 51 percent b. 33 percent c. 15 percent d. 24 percent

d. 24 percent

what is the minimum age for serving in the house of representatives? a. 21 b. 18 c. 30 d. 25

d. 25

what was bill clinton's approval rating upon leaving office? a. 51 percent b. 38 percent c. 22 percent d. 66 percent

d. 66 percent

what does congressional gridlock mean? a. Congress is unable to decide on leadership positions. b. Congress has a one-party majority. c. Congress and the president disagree on policy issues. d. Congress has difficulty passing laws.

d. Congress has difficulty passing laws.

as the state senator, you decide to vote for the fracking exemption because it is supported by the majority of likely voters. which representation model best fits this choice? a. the descriptive representation model b. the substantive representation model d. Fracking brings potential for cheap, domestically produced energy. d. the responsible party model

d. Fracking brings potential for cheap, domestically produced energy.

which of the following would a supporter of the exemption argue? a. Fracking can cause localized "tremors." b. Fracking brings new waste disposal issues. c. Fracking increases noise pollution in surrounding areas. d. Fracking brings potential for cheap, domestically produced energy.

d. Fracking brings potential for cheap, domestically produced energy.

which of the following statements regarding interest groups and lobbyists is MOST accurate? a. The number of lobbying firms in the Washington area has decreased over the past few years. b. Interest groups have little to no influence over members of Congress. c. Lobbyists consistently buy votes in both the House and the Senate. d. Interest groups supply legislators with position papers and memos.

d. Interest groups supply legislators with position papers and memos.

How did the Reorganization Act of 1939 affect the presidency? a. It limited the president's ability to expand the executive office. b. It allowed Congress to create and reorganize cabinet positions. c. It granted the president more legislative powers. d. It allowed the president to expand the executive office.

d. It allowed the president to expand the executive office.

how did the voting right act influence the use of gerrymandering? a. It made partisan gerrymandering under any circumstances illegal. b. It has been interpreted to mean that minority districts are illegal. c. It legalized the use of gerrymandering by partisans for political gain. d. It has been interpreted to mean that minority districts are sometimes necessary.

d. It has been interpreted to mean that minority districts are sometimes necessary.

what is the problem of the plural executive in the modern white house? a. Multiple advisors contribute to an isolated president, which undermines presidential authority. b. Multiple advisors can enhance the power and stature of the president. c. Multiple advisors can allow presidents to accomplish more than they could with a smaller staff. d. Multiple advisors, especially at high levels, may make it difficult to hold anyone accountable when the White House makes mistakes.

d. Multiple advisors, especially at high levels, may make it difficult to hold anyone accountable when the White House makes mistakes.

what does the lack of unified republican party support for president trump's health care reform bill say about the role of parties in the president's legislative success? a. Party is an important predictor of presidential success, but it matters much less than congressional rules and procedures. b. Party is an important predictor of presidential success, but leading the public is a better governing strategy. c. Party is an important predictor of presidential success, but presidents must work with the opposing party to get legislation passed. d. Party is an important predictor of presidential success, but not all members of the president's party are guaranteed to vote with the president.

d. Party is an important predictor of presidential success, but not all members of the president's party are guaranteed to vote with the president.

what does the author of this page assume about the president? a. Presidents have one primary goal: winning reelection. b. Presidents have one primary goal: pursuing good public policy. c. Presidents have one primary goal: achieving historical relevance. d. Presidents desire good policy, reelection, and historical relevance, and seek to bolster achievement of these goals through the legislative process.

d. Presidents desire good policy, reelection, and historical relevance, and seek to bolster achievement of these goals through the legislative process.

which statement best describes how polarization can be connected to gerrymandered districts? a. Since gerrymandering is not related to the lack of competitive districts, it makes it harder for extremist members of the House to win elections. b. Since gerrymandering is not related to the lack of competitive districts, it makes it harder for more extreme members of the Senate to get elected. c. Since gerrymandering is partially related to the lack of competitive districts, it makes it easier for more extreme members of the Senate to get elected. d. Since gerrymandering is partially to blame for the lack of competitive districts, it makes it easier for extremist members of the House to win elections.

d. Since gerrymandering is partially to blame for the lack of competitive districts, it makes it easier for extremist members of the House to win elections.

Why might the Founders have limited the powers of the executive branch? a. They preferred the idea of a direct democracy. b. They intended for the judicial branch to be the most powerful. c. They sought continuity with the executive powers outlined in the Articles of Confederation. d. They wanted to avoid the tyrannical power of a king.

d. They wanted to avoid the tyrannical power of a king.

president ronald reagan's management style resembled which of the following? a. a carbureator b. a general c. a wheel d. a CEO

d. a CEO

which of the following members of congress would represent the greatest number of constituents? a. a senator from rhode island b. a representative from california c. a senator from montana d. a senator from california

d. a senator from california

In entering into conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, President George W. Bush did which of the following? a. concluded an executive agreement b. waited until the War Powers Resolution had passed Congress c. mobilized troops after Congress had declared war on these nations d. acted in his capacity as commander in chief

d. acted in his capacity as commander in chief

how can cloture motions provide evidence that gerrymandering is not sole cause of congressional gridlock? a. by showing that the Senate is less willing to use the filibuster to contribute to gridlock b. by showing that the use of the cloture process by members of the House affects the actions in the Senate c. by showing that the Senate is less to blame than the House when it comes to congressional gridlock d. by showing the number of attempts to block legislation in a chamber that is not affected by gerrymandering

d. by showing the number of attempts to block legislation in a chamber that is not affected by gerrymandering

Based on the foregoing discussion as well as the text of the U.S. Constitution, who has the power to declare war? a. the president b. the commander in chief c. the secretary of defense d. congress

d. congress

which group is MOST likely to support a campus-carry bill? a. faculty at a university b. gun control advocate c. elected officials concerned about bad publicity d. conservative rural and suburban voters

d. conservative rural and suburban voters

which of the following powers would a president most likely utilize toward the end of his or her term? a. nominating a Supreme Court justice b. giving a State of the Union address c. appointing a secretary of state d. granting a pardon to a convicted criminal

d. granting a pardon to a convicted criminal

president jimmy carter preferred which style of leadership? a. hands-off b. big picture c. reactionary d. hands-on

d. hands-on

where do we find the roots of political parties? a. in 19th-century populist movements b. in 20th-century gerrymandering c. in Civil War divisions d. in the debate between the Federalists and the anti-Federalists

d. in the debate between the Federalists and the anti-Federalists

which of the following powers is unique to the house? a. trial of impeachment cases b. ratification of treaties c. approval of major presidential appointments d. origination of revenue bills

d. origination of revenue bills

which of the following actions taken by president reagan is considered a delegated power? a. developing policy priorities for the EPA b. creating the EPA c. appointing an administrator to head the EPA d. providing Congress with budget recommendations for the EPA

d. providing Congress with budget recommendations for the EPA

which of the following tasks would be handled by an advisor located in the white house office(WHO)? a. providing evidence for why the president should commit drones to yemen b. providing evidence for why the president should cut spending in his fiscal budget proposal c. providing evidence for why the president should raise taxes as part of his economic plan d. providing evidence for why the president should make speeches related to immigration reform in El Paso, TX; Tucson, AZ; and San Diego, CA

d. providing evidence for why the president should make speeches related to immigration reform in El Paso, TX; Tucson, AZ; and San Diego, CA

what alternative mechanism may a president use to enter into an international agreement without the support of legislators? a. issuing an executive order b. replacing an ambassador c. proposing a UN resolution d. signing an executive agreement

d. signing an executive agreement

which state gained the most seats in the house as a result of congressional reapportionment following the 2010 census? a. california b. ohio c. florida d. texas

d. texas

what was representative barbara lee's main criticism of the 2001 resolution authorizing the use of military force? a. that it didn't allow the president enough authority to act on behalf of national security interests b. that it was unpatriotic and perpetrated injustice across the international community c. that it unfairly increased the war powers of Congress d. that it gave the president unlimited power regarding U.S. foreign policy

d. that it gave the president unlimited power regarding U.S. foreign policy

If a president wishes to enter into a treaty with another country, what is required before he or she can proceed? a. the approval of two-thirds of the House b. the approval of three-fourths of the House c. the approval of three-fourths of the Senate d. the approval of two-thirds of the Senate

d. the approval of two-thirds of the Senate

which of the following is the first to see a bill after it is proposed? a. the rules committee b. the full chamber of the house c. a committee chair d. the clerk of the house

d. the clerk of the house

according to dickerson, what's broken in the presidency? a. the expectation that presidents will execute the law faithfully b. the expectation that presidents can influence policy and make change c. the expectation that one person will serve four years in office d. the expectation that one person can manage all the roles of the office

d. the expectation that one person can manage all the roles of the office

according to richard neustadt, a president's performance is directly related to which of the following? a. general appearance b. management style c. the ability to maintain good relations with the media d. the power to persuade

d. the power to persuade

the anti-federalists worried about which of the following? a. the process of making laws b. the rights of the wealthy c. the age of members of congress d. the size of congress

d. the size of congress

presidents have become the center of US government due to which of the following? a. their success in using the state of the union to outline a legislative policy agenda b. formal amendments to the U.S. constitution c. an increase in the use of executive orders d. their success persuading others that they have the power to act

d. their success persuading others that they have the power to act

once a bill has been introduced, where does the speaker of the house send it? a. to the president b. to the party leader c. to the majority whip d. to a committee

d. to a committee

under what circumstances might the president use the power to receive foreign dignitaries and appoint U.S. ambassadors? a. to criticize proposed legislation b. to provide a check on the judicial system c. to strengthen party loyalty d. to recognize the legitimacy of other nations

d. to recognize the legitimacy of other nations

what is the most likely at fault for the decrease in competitive elections in recent decades? a. the Federal Elections Commission, which has overly regulated the terms of campaign laws b. partisan state commissions, because they are in charge of drawing political lines and tend to support the party in power c. the national party organizations, which have captured control of state election processes across the country d. voters who move to areas with like-minded people, as this makes it easier to draw political lines around them

d. voters who move to areas with like-minded people, as this makes it easier to draw political lines around them

at which point is a bill sent to the senate for approval? a. after being dropped in the Hopper b. once it has passed through a markup session c. after being reported to the full chamber of the House d. when it has been passed by the full House following debate and amendment

d. when it has been passed by the full House following debate and amendment

when might we expect to see a large number of vetoes? a. when the U.S. is involved in a war b. when there is a Democratic Congress and a Democratic President c. when Congress is out of session d. when there is a Republican Congress and a Democratic president

d. when there is a Republican Congress and a Democratic president