The Art of Public Speaking -- Review Questions

13. What should you conectrate when responding to questions during the session? (5)

1) Approach questions with a positive attitude. 2) Listen carefully. 3) Direct answers to the entire audience. 4) Be honest and straightforward. 5) Stay on track

2. What are the THREE guidelines for ethical listening?

1) Be courteous and attentive. 2) Avoid prejudging the speaker. 3) Maintain the free and open expression of ideas

9. What are the FIVE basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech?

1) Chronological Order. 2) Spatial Order. 3) Causal Order. 4) Problem-Solution Order. 5) Topical Order

10. What are TWO ways you can signal the end or your speech?

1) Crescendo Ending. 2) Dissolve Ending

15. What are THREE methods you can use to avoid abstractions in your informative speech?

1) Description. 2) Comparison. 3) Contrast.

13. What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session? (2 steps)

1) Formulate answers to possible questions. 2) Practice the delivery of your answers

10. What are the FOUR objectives of a speech introduction?

1) Get the attention and interest of your audience. 2) Reveal the topic of your speech. 3) Establish your credibility and goodwill. 4) Preview the body of the speech

13. What are the FIVE steps you should follow when practicing you speech delivery?

1) Go through your preparation outline aloud to check how what you have written translates into spoken discourse. 2) Prepare your speaking outline. 3) Practice the speech aloud several times using only the speaking outline. 4) Now begin to polish and refine your delivery. 5) Finally, give your speech a dress rehearsal under conditions as close as possible to those you will face

9. What are THREE tips for preparing your main points?

1) Keep Main Points Separate. 2) Try to Use the Same Pattern of Wording for Main Points. 3) Balance the Amount of Time Devoted to Main Points

10. What are FOUR tips for your conclusion?

1) Keep an eye out for possible concluding materials as you research and develop the speech. 2) Conclude with a bang, not a whimper. 3) Don't be long winded. 4) Don't leave anything in your conclusion to chance

10. What are SIX tips for your introduction?

1) Keep the introduction relatively brief. 2) Be on the lookout for possible introductory materials as you do your research. 3) Be creative in devising your introduction. 4) Don't worry about the exact wording of your introduction until you have finished preparing the body of the speech. 5) Work out your introduction in detail. 6) When you present the speech, don't start talking so soon.

2. What are the FIVE guidelines for ethical speechmaking?

1) Make sure your goals are ethically sound. 2) Be fully prepared for each speech. 3) Be honest in what you say. 4) Avoid name-calling and other forms of abusive language. 5) Put ethical principles into practice

15. What TWO things should you watch out for in making sure your speech is not overly technical?

1) Material that is too technical for the ordinary person. 2) Language/terms that are too technical for the ordinary person

3. What are the FOUR main causes of poor listening?

1) Not Concentrating. 2) Listening Too Hard. 3) Jumping to Conclusions. 4) Focusing on Delivery and Personal Appearance.

1. How is public speaking similiar to everyday conversation? (4 ways)

1) Organizing your thoughts logically. 2) Tailoring you message to your audience. 3) Telling a story for maximum impact. 4) Adapting to listener feedback.

1. How is public speaking different from everyday conversation? (3 ways)

1) Public speaking is more highly structured. 2) Public speaking requires more formal language. 3) Public speaking requires a different method of delivery.

13. What are the FOUR methods of speech delivery?

1) Reading from a manuscript. 2) Reciting from memory. 3) Speaking impromptu. 4) Speaking Extemporaneously

10. What are the SEVEN methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

1) Relate the Topic to the Audience. 2) State the Importance of Your Topic. 3) Startle the Audience. 4) Arouse the Curiosity of the Audience. 5) Question the Audience. 6) Begin with a Quotation. 7) Tell a Story

1. What are the SEVEN elements of the speech communication process?

1) Speaker. 2) Message 3) Channel. 4) Listener. 5) Feedback. 6) Interference. 7) Situation

15. What are the FOUR types of informative speeches?

1) Speeches about objects. 2) Speeches about processes. 3) Speeches about events. 4) Speeches about concepts

10. What are FOUR ways to reinforce the central idea when concluding your speech?

1) Summarize your Speech. 2) End with a Quotation. 3) Make a Dramatic Statement. 4) Refer to the Introduction

3. What are SEVEN ways to become a better listener?

1) Take Listening Seriously. 2) Be an Active Listener. 3) Resist Distractions. 4) Don't be diverted by Appearance or Delivery. 5) Suspend Judgement. 6) Focus your listening. 7) Develop note-taking skills

10. What are the major functions of a speech conclusion? (2)

1) To let the audience know you are ending the speech. 2) To reinforce the audience's understanding of, or commitment to, the central idea

9. What are the FOUR kinds of speech connectives?

1) Transitions. 2) Internal Previews. 3) Internal Summaries. 4) Signposts

13. What are the EIGHT aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?

1) Volume. 2) Pitch. 3) Rate. 4) Pauses. 5) Vocal Variety. 6) Pronunciation. 7) Articulation. 8) Dialect.

5. Five tips for formulating specific purpose?

1. Write as a full phrase, 2. express as statement not question, 3. avoid figurative language, 4. limit to one idea, 5. make sure its not too vague or general

5. What are the four guidelines for an effective central idea?

1. a full sentence, 2. not in form of question, 3. avoid figurative language, 4. not too vague or general

5. Five questions to ask about specific purpose?

1. meet assignment? 2. accomplish purpose in time given? 3. relevant to audience? 4. too trivial for audience? 5. too technical?

10. What is a preview statement?

A statement in the introduction of a speech that identifies the main points to be discussed in the body

1. How can you control your nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?

Aquire Speaking Experience. Prepare. Think Positively. Use the Power of Visualization. Know that most Nervousness is not visible. Dont expect Perfection.

15. What can you do to make sure your ideas don't pass over the heads of your listeners?

Be sure to explain everything thoroughly. As you work on your speech, always consider whether it will be clear to someone who is hearing about the topic for the first time

9. Which of the five basic patterns of organizing main points are appropriate for persuasive speeches?

Causal Order, Problem-Solution Order, Topical Order

9. Which of the five basic patterns of organizing main points are appropriate for informative speeches?

Chronological Order, Spatial Order, Causal Order, Topical Order

4. What method of speech delivery does this chapter recommend for your introductory speech?

Chronological or topical order

2. How can you steer clear of incremental plagiarism when dealing with qoutation and paraphrases?

Clearly identify the source before reciting the qoute

13. What is nonverbal communication?

Communication based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

3. How is listening connected with critical thinking?

Comprehensive Listening - Listening to understand the message. Critical Listening - Listening to evaluate a message for accepting or rejecting it

2. What are the best ways to avoid global and patchwork plagiarism?

Consult a large number of sources and in depth research

14. What factors should you consider when planning to use PowerPoint in a speech?

Deciding where you can use PowerPoint to your greatest advantage. Rather than putting everything you say on screen, choose which aspects of your speech to illustrate

13. What are the elements of good speech delivery? (5)

Directness, spontaneity, animation, vocal and facial expressiveness, and a lively sense of communication

14. What are the guidelines for presenting visual aids?

Display visual aids where listeners can see them. Avoid passing visual aids among the audience. Display visual aids only while discusssing them. Explain visual aids clearly and concisely. Talk to your audience, not to your visual aid. Practice with your visual aids. Check the room and equipment.

4. What are the two major steps discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech?

Focusing your topic (into time limits and restraints of assignment) and developing your topic (interesting, meaningful, suspenseful ways to present information)

2. What is the difference between global plagiarism and patchwork plagiarism?

GLOBAL - Stealing your speech entirely from another source and passing it off as your own. PATCHWORK - Stealing from multiple sources

3. What is the difference between hearing and listening?

HEARING - vibrations of sounds waves of eardrums cause the firing of electrochemical impulses in the brain. LISTENING - Paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear

5. Why is determining the specific purpose such an important step in speech preparation? Why is it important to include the audience in this?

Indicates what you want to accomplish with speech and important to include audience as you should list who the teaching or persuading is exactly for

5. What are two general purposes of most classroom speeches? How do they differ?

Inform or persuade

4. When organizing your introductory Speech, you should divide it into what three sections?

Introduction, Body, Conclusion

13. Why is nonverbal communication important to effective public speaking?

It influences the impact of a speaker's words

14. What kinds of visual aids might you use in a speech?

Objects and Models. Photographs and drawings. Graphs. Charts. Video. The Speaker (Your body). PowerPoint.

14. What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches?

People find a speaker's messge more interesting, grasp it more easily, and retain it longer when it is prepared visually as well as verbally.

5. What are three brainstorming methods you can follow if you are having trouble choosing a topic for your speech?

Personal inventory (list of all interests, hobbies, skills), Clustering (List things under subjects of person, place, thing, etc.), Internet search

4. What steps should you take when rehearsing your first speech?

Practice out loud and even get an outside perspective

14. What are the guidelines for preparing visual aids?

Prepare visual aids well in advance. Keep visual aids simple. Make sure visual aids are large(visible) enough. Use a limited amount of text. Use fonts effectively. Use Color effectively. Use images strategically.

9. Why is it important that speeches be organized clearly and coherently?

So that the audience can understand the message.

15. Why is it imporant for informative speaker to be creative in thinking about ways to communicate their ideas?

So that the speaker can use language and visual aids imaginatively and resourcefully to get the message to the audience

10. Why is it important to establish your credibility at the beginning of your speech?

So that your audience perceives you as qualified to speak on the subject

9. Why is it important to limit the number of main points in your speech?

So the audience won't have trouble sorting them out

15. Why must informative speakers be careful not to overestimate what the audience knows about the topic?

So you avoid going over the audiences head and confusing them

10. Why should you nearly always include a preview statement in the introduction of your speech?

So you don't leave your audience guessing what the topic of your speech is

4. What five elements of speech delivery are discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech?

Starting speech, gestures, eye contact, voice, and dealing with nerves

9. What role does each of the kinds of speech connectives play in a speech?

TRANSITIONS - indicates when a speaker has finished one thought and is moving on to another. INTERNAL PREVIEWS - lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next. INTERNAL SUMMARY - summarizes the speaker's preceding point(s). SIGNPOSTS - brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas

9. What is the most important thing to remember when organizing supporting materials in the body of your speech?

That they are directly relevant to the main points they are supposed to support

1. What is ethnocentrism?

The belief that our own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures

2. What is ethics?

The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in humans affairs

15. What should you do as an informative speaker to relate your topic directly to the audience?

Tie the topic of your speech with the audiences interests and concerns.

1. Why do public speakers need to avoid ethnocentrism when addressing audiences with diverse cultural, racial, or ethnic backgrounds?

To avoid offending the audience

15. What does it mean to say that informative speakers should personalize their ideas?

To present one's ideas in human terms that relate in some fashion to the experience of the audience

9. Which of the five basic patterns of organizing main points are used most often?

Topical Order

2. What is incremental plagiarism?

When the speaker fails to give credit for particular parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people

1. Why is it normal -even desirable- to be nervous at the start of a speech?

Your body produces adrenaline

5. What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech?

central idea sums up major ideas where specific purpose is one phrase speaker hopes to accomplish with speech

9. How many main points will you speeches usually contain?

two to five