The Bile Ducts - Penny chapter 4

For patients older than age 60, or those who have had a cholecystectomy, a maximum diameter of ____ may be considered normal.

1cm

The biliary duct wall should never measure more than:

5mm

All of the following are forms of cholangitis:

Acute bacterial, AIDS, Oriental

A congenital disease in which there is narrowing or obliteration of the bile ducts is referred to as:

Biliary atresia

A 64 y.o. man presents to the sono department for a RUQ US. He is C/O abdominal pain, weight loss, and pruritus. Sonographically, you visualize an area of dilated ducts that abruptly end. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Cholangiocarcinoma

A Klatskin tumor is a form of:

Cholangiocarcinoma

An abdominal sonogram is ordered on an infant in the ICU who is suffering from Jaundice and fever. Sonographically, you visualize a cystic mass within the CBD that is causing a focal enlargement. This is most suggestive of:

Choledochal cyst

The gallbladder is connected to the biliary tree by the:

Cystic Duct

Air within the biliary tree is referred to as:

Pneumobilia

Sonographically, you visualize scattered echogenic linear structures within the liver parenchyma that produce ring-down artifact. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Pneumobilia

If an obstructive biliar calculus is located within the distal common duct, which of the following could ultimately dilate?

A. CBD B. Gallbladder C. Common Hepatic Duct D. All of the above <<<<<<

The merging point of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct at the level of duodenum is referred to as:

Ampulla of Vater

The Klatskin tumor is located:

At the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts

The yellow pigment found in bile that is produced by the breakdown of old red blood cells by the liver is:

Bilirubin

Primary biliary tree cancer is referred to as:

Cholangiocarcinoma

A 32 y.o. female presents to the sonography department with a history of fever, leukocytosis, and RUQ pain. Sonographically, you visualize dilated bile ducts that have thickened walls and contain sludge. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Cholangitis

Inflammation of the bile ducts is referred to as:

Cholangitis

Which of the following is not a plausible cause of CBD obstruction in adults?

Choledochal cyst

A gallstone located within the biliary tree is referred to as:

Choledocholitiasis

Which of the following would be the most distal porition of the biliary tree?

Common bile duct

The spiral valves of Heister are located within the:

Cystic Duct

The most common level for biliary obstruction to occur is the:

Distal common bile duct

Which segment of the biliary tree tends to dilate first with obstruction?

Extrahepatic

Which of the following is associated with the development of pneumobilia?

Gastric surgery, Acute Cholecystitis, Fistula formation

If a gallstone, causing obstruction, is located within the distal common hepatic duct, which of the following would become dilated?

Intrahepatic ducts

Which of the following is considered the most proximal portion of the biliary tree?

Intrahepatic radicles

Clinical findings of choledocholithiasis include all of the following:

Jaundice, Elevated Bilirubin & Elevated Alkaline phosphatase

Theyellowish staining of the whites of the eyes and the skin secondary to a liver disorder or biliary obstruction is referred to as:

Juandice

A patient presents with jaundice, pain, and fever secondary to an impacted stone in the cystic duct. This is referred to as:

Mirizzi syndrome

All of the following are clinical findings consistent with cholangiocarcinoma:

Pruritus, Weight loss & Elevated bilirubin