the early americans
What was the most important historical effect of the astrolabe?
It made possible long voyages across oceans.
In Europe during the Middle Ages, the people most likely to be able to read and write were
Clergymen
which of the following was a result of the crusades?
Europeans adopted Middle Eastern technologies
From a historical point of view, what was Columbus's most important achievement?
He established contact between the Americas and the rest of the world.
what caused the Portuguese to look for a route to Asia by way of Africa?
Italian and Middle Eastern merchants controlled all the Mediterranean routes
How did the city of Mecca promote trade?
Muslim travel to the city spurred the spread of trade routes.
Identify a positive consequence of the Columbian Exchange for Native Americans in what would become the United States.
Native Americans learned to ride horses and used them to carry heavy loads.
How did Spanish and Portuguese exploration differ?
The Spanish were the first to reach an unknown continent.
How were the crusades connected to the European voyages of exploration?
They spurred a European desire for Asian goods.
The Renaissance occurred as a direct result of
Trade with the Middle East
which represents an Aztec adaptation to their environment?
a system of causeways
why is there uncertainty about the first explorers of America?
before 1492, only the Vikings left detailed records of their exploration and interactions in the Americas.
how did the Anasazi adapt to escape threats from neighboring tribes?
by building homes along steep clifs
which was the main way the incas modified their environment to grow more food?
by building terraces
Along with luxury items such as gold, ivory, and hardwoods, Arab merchants traveled to East Africa to acquire.
enslaved africans
the first cities developed because
farmers were able to grow more food than they needed to survive.
what was the main reason Columbus sailed to the Americas?
he wanted to find riches
Which of the following was the greatest short-term effect of the Columbian Exchanged on Native Americans?
it sharply decreased their population
which feature of Chinese civilization had the greatest impact on other civilizations?
its new technologies
which group of people had the highest point in maya society?
nobles
how did the crops of the Americas affect Europeans, Africans, and Asians?
populations around the world increased from the change in diets.
how did the political systems of the natchez and the Iroquois differ?
the Iroquois system was more democratic.
which of the following promoted the spread of permanent settlements in the Americas?
the development of farming
what environmental change allowed people to travel by land between Asia and north America?
the formation of ice sheets on land
which physical feature most affected what people of region ate?
the region's climate
how did the Hohokam and Anasazi people adapt to their physical environment?
they built networks of ditches to irrigate the desert.
what role did women have in Iroquois tribe?
they chose clan leaders
what was a common belief among native American tribes?
they could survive only by adapting to nature.
China was the most isolated civilization, and yet its technologies were able to change the world mainly because
they spread through trade
what was the main reason that early settlers gradually spread across the Americas?
they were nomadic hunters and had to keep moving in search of food.
Why did the Spanish continue to explore and settle other Caribbean islands?
to bring gold, crops, and slaves to the Spanish crown.
what was the purpose of a quipu?
to communicate quantities
what was the main goal of continued Spanish exploration of north and south America?
to seek riches for the Spanish crown
