"The Open Boat" Stephen Crane (naturalism)

Stephen Crane's naturalistic short story is _________

"The Open Boat"

________ point of view is opposite of naturalism

Whitman/Emmerson

"none of them knew the color of the sky" is a symbol for the __________

absence of a divine being -the sky sybomlizes a divinity activly engaged with earth & people, but doesnt know the color of the sky because that kind of god doesnt exit. god is cold and indifferent. not relying on devine being, but themselves & their labor -focused on never ending repetive cycle of working just to survive

sinister birds represent

hostile nature/universe out to get us (no control over it)

shark on their tale waiting for them to go down

hostile universe out to get them

not naturalistic

human feelings, ethics, realtionships matter (naturalism is not about brotherhood, but being alone)

temporary lifts from naturalistic aesthetic in "the open boat" implies that ________

meaning exists, exists to be interprested

mosquito inlet

naturalism -even when they think they are saved, they will be eaten alive

"after surmounting one wave, there is another behind it"

naturalism: -repition -myth of Sisyphus (pushing boulder up hill & it continues to roll down on you and hurt you, you never reach the top, cycle)

"None of them knew the COLOR OF THE SKY" their eyes GLANCED LEVEL and were fastened UPON THE WAVES that swept towards them. these waves were of the hue of slate, save for the tops, which were of foaming white, and all of the men KNEW THE COLORS OF THE SEA. the horizon narrowed and widened, and dipped and rose, and at all times its edge was JAGGED with waves that seemed thrust up in POINTS LIKE ROCKS" naturalistic or not?

naturalistic -compare nature to something violent (opposite of whitman 19th century renisance (romantic ideas) -none of them knew the color of the sky: symbol of absense of active divine being, it is cold and indifferent; they are focused on the neverending repetitive cycle of working just to survive. not relying on divine being, but themselves & their labor. -know the color of the sea because the waves (hostile nature) is actively out to get them & they are in DIRECT CONTACT with this hostile nature, not god. -they are at mercy to the sea, no power over the se, succumb completely to the sea

"it would be difficult to describe the subtle BROTHERHOOD OF MEN that was established on the seas.... friends in a more curiously IRONBOUND degree than may be common. the HURT CAPTAIN..could never command a more ready and OBDEIENT CREW... recognition of what was best for the COMMON SAFETY. there was surely in it a quality that was PERSONAL AND HEART FELT" naturalistic or not?

not naturalistic - feelings (naturalism= cold & indifferent) - survival depends on sense of brotherhood (naturalistic is more individual in the sense of survival of the fittest (Darwin ideas) dog eat dog word) -positive/following injured captain (naturaism is pessimistic, wouldnt keep captain on boat or follow him if hurt, would think "oh we are doomed") -sense of brotherhood (abstract idea) acting upon the men rather than a concrete thing likes waves... naturalism is concrete.

"When it came night, the white waves paced to and fro int he moonlight, and the wind brought the sound of the great SEA'S VOICE to the men on shore, and they felt that they could then be INTERPRETERS" naturalistic or not?

not naturalistic -shows communication with nature & they are understanding -naturalism is a cold indifferent God who is not in contact with life, we are in mercy to hostile nature, we have no control or power over our environment and cannot interpret anything

old nitty women

personification of nature