The process of synapse transmission

process of synapse transmission

1)Neurons in a resting state on the inside of the cell are negatively charged. 2)Stimulus activates neuron making it positively charged for a split second. 3)Action potential occurs creating an electric impulse that travels down axon to end of neuron. 4) Action potential arrives at terminal button of axon and has to cross the synapse between the presynaptic neuron and postsynaptic, the synapse gap. 5) Axons have sacs at the end called synaptic vesicles. They contain neurotransmitters that diffuse across the synapse to the next neuron. 6)When action potential reaches synaptic vesicles they release neurotransmitters across the synaptic gap and bind to specialised receptors on the surface of the cell that are activated by that particular neurotransmitter. 7)when a neurotransmitter crosses synapse the postsynaptic receptor site (Dendrites) convert the chemical message back into an electrical impulse. 8)Process terminated by reuptake where the neurotransmitter is taken up again by presynaptic neuron. stored and made available for later release.

although signals within neurons are transmitted electriclaly, how are signals between neurons transmitted?

Chemically

two types of action potentials and their role

Excitatory-Increases neurons likeliness to fire by positively charging it. Inhibitory-decreases neurons likeliness to fire by negatively charging it.

explain the lock and key model in regards to synapse transmission

Only certain neurotransmitters can 'unlock' a message channel in certain receptors in the postsynaptic neuron. When the right key (neurotransmitter) meets the right lock (receptor) a specific ion channel in the membrane is opened up. Ions then flow through the membrane into the neuron. This flooding of ions can cause a 'potential' in the dendrites.

can neurons eceive both excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) and inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP) at the same time? What does this mean.

Yes. The likelihood of the cell firing is therefore determined adding up the excitatory and the inhibitory synaptic input. The net result of the input determines whether or not the cell fires.

synapse

adjacent gap between two neurons

what are neural networks

groups that neurons communicate with each other in