The Properties of Solutions
A solution contains 25 g ethanol. What is teh vapor pressure?
20.1
the compound Ca(NO3)2 dissociates in water to form ___ mol of ions for every 1 mol of solute and its van't Hoff factor is expected to be ___ in an ideal solution. The compound urea has an expected value of ___.
3, 3, 1
A solution of glucose in water has an osmotic pressure of 2.68 atm @ 35C. What is the mass in 325mL of solution?
6.21
Certain substances such as alcohols are able to dissolve fairly readily in both polar and non polar solvents. Which statements correctly explain this behavior?
Alcohols have dual polarity since they possess a polar OH group as well as a non polar hydrocarbon portion. Alcohols form strong interactions with both types of solvent. The hydrocarbon portion of the alcohol interacts with the non polar solvent through dispersion forces.
hydrogen bonding
CH3OH in H2O
nonelectrolyte
Does not dissociate
correctly describe different types of mixtures
Homogeneous mixture composition of any mixture heterogeneous mixture
dispersion forces
I2 in hexane (C6H14)
ion-dipole
NaCl in CH3CH3OH
dipole-induced dipole
O2 (g) in aqueous solution
Which of the following options correctly reflect the effect of a nonvolatile solute on the boiling point of a solution?
The lower the concentration of the nonvolatile solute, the higher the vapor pressure of the solution. A solution boils at a higher temperature than the pure solvent. The greater the concentration of the solute, the higher the boiling point will be. Boiling point elevation occurs because the presence of nonvolatile solute lowers the vapor pressure of the solvent
which of the following statements correctly describe the enthalpy changes associated with the formation of a solution?
The overall enthalpy change for the solution process depends on the balance of energy absorbed by energy released. energy is released when the solvent and solute particles attract each other and mix to form a solution. energy is absorbed to serrate the solvent particles from each other.
molarity to molality
density
a solution forms when the attractive _______ between the solute and solvent are __________ in strength to the solvent-solvent and solute-solute attractions and are therefor able to replace them.
forces, similar.
An increase in pressure will cause the solubility of a gas to _____, whereas the solubility of a liquid or solid will usually _______
increase, not change much
Substances that have similar _____ forces are able to dissolve in each other, giving rise to the phrase "like ____ like."
intermolecular, dissolves
Weak electrolyte
low %
A solution containing a nonbolatile solute will have a(n) _______ vapor pressure than the pure solvent. The change in th evapor pressure is proportional to the _____ fraction of the solute in the solution.
lower, mole
mole fraction to molality
molar mass
mass percent to molarity
molar mass and density
X solvent
mole fraction of the solvent in the solution
an alcohol possesses a ______ hydroxyl group and a _______ hydrocarbon chain. due to its ____ polarity, an alcohol is able to dissolve in both polar and non polar solvents.
polar, nonpolar, dual
Strong electrolyte
shows 100%
In an ideal solution of a strong electrolyte, the van't Hoff factor i is equal to
the number of moles of particles produced by dissociation of 1 mol of the electrolyte
P degree solvent
vapor pressure of the pure solvent
P solvent
vapor pressure of the solvent in the solution