THE WATER CYCLE
Most of the water vapor in Earth's atmosphere comes from _____. sublimation and transpiration infiltration and surface runoff rain, sleet, hail, snow, and freezing rain oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers
90% of atmospheric moisture comes from surface water, and a small percent comes from sublimation oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers
Phineas has a tomato plant. The plant adds water to the atmosphere through _____. transpiration evaporation sublimation condensation
Transpiration is the release of water into the air by plants. It's almost like plant "sweating." Plant leaves have tiny holes called stomata. Plants can release water vapor through these openings. transpiration
Which of the following locations will most likely have the highest rate of evaporation? North Pole Gobi Desert Pacific Ocean Amazon Rainforest
Most of the world's evaporation happens in tropical areas near the equator. Amazon Rainforest
In cold, snowy areas, water is added to the atmosphere through _____. sublimation condensation transpiration precipitation
Since there isn't any liquid water at the North Pole, evaporation can't happen. But, moisture is added to the air through sublimation. During sublimation, solid water in the form of ice and snow changes directly into a gas. sublimation
Evaporation _____. occurs equally all over the globe is the change in state from a gas to a liquid happens more quickly in warm areas than cool ones is the process by which plants release water into the atmosphere
The warmer the climate, the more heat energy is available for evaporation. Most of the world's evaporation happens in tropical areas near the equator. happens more quickly in warm areas than cool ones
precipitation
the release of water from the atmosphere
Which of the following locations will most likely have the highest average annual precipitation? South Pole Sahara Desert Juneau, Alaska Amazon Rainforest
Their data shows that areas near the poles are drier than areas near the equator. The cold air in Polar Regions can't hold as much moisture as the warm air in equatorial regions. Dry air means less precipitation. Continental areas are also drier than coastal areas because they are farther away from water. Amazon Rainforest
infiltration
process by which precipitation soaks into the ground
sublimation
process by which solid water (ice, snow) changes directly into a gas
evaporation
process by which liquid water changes into a gas
transpiration
release of water vapor into the air by plants
Condensation _____. is the change from liquid water to water vapor requires dust or other tiny particles happens more quickly in dry locations than in wet ones drives the water cycle
During condensation, water molecules release heat and move closer together. The molecules collect on tiny particles in the air, like smoke, dust, and salt, and form water droplets. Eventually, the droplets become large enough that they fall from the atmosphere as precipitation. requires dust or other tiny particles
Which of the following areas will most likely have the greatest amount of surface runoff? low, flat plain steep mountainside sandy beach dry desert sand
Infiltration happens when precipitation soaks into the ground. Runoff happens when water can't infiltrate. steep mountainside