Theatre Final
What is modernism and postmodernism
Modernism-The deliberate departure from tradition and the use of innovative forms of expression that distinguish many styles in the arts and literature of the 20th century. Post-Modernism-genre of art and literature and especially architecture in reaction against principles and practices of established modernism
What is appropriate behavior for actors and running crew back stage
No talking or whispering off stage. No loud noise in the dressing room. Nothing ruins a scene more than the thumps of someone running to make a cue or someone talking in the wings
What musical is often cited as the first to fully integrate music, story, dance and visual elements
Oklahoma
Types of Stages
Proscenium stage:Its primary feature is the Proscenium, a "picture frame" placed around the front of the playing area of an end stage. Thrust theatre: A Stage surrounded by audience on three sides. Arena Theatre:A central stage surrounded by audience on all sides. The stage area is often raised to improve sightlines.
Functions of Scenery, Costume, and Lighting
costumes-definition of character,elucidating the plot, defining production concept, & definition of character lighting- visibility, illusion of nature,establish mood, stage the play,composition, revelation of form, & spectacle scenery-definition of space,staging the play, provides visual context of play,provides info about the characters,sets tone for the play, &more practical functions to
What is associated with Bertoldt Brecht
creating "alienation" so that the audience watches actively ad critically, the interplay of theatrical elements, with each makings it own statement, & the use of fragmented scenery and unmasked lighting instruments
Which accurately describes a function of scene design
defines the acting space, characterizes the acting space, &creates mood and atmosphere
T/F: "Spattering" refers to a painting technique of simultaneously applying and blending more than one shade of paint on the same surface to create a mottled effect
false
T/F: A "vertical section" summarizes the light plot organization - the position, control, focus, and color filter of each instrument - onto a single page in a chart format.
false
T/F: An ellipsoidal is essentially a flood light and is used primarily for general illumination.
false
T/F: Costumes always adhere to realistic standards of dress
false
T/F: Lighting designers can make firm decisions about all aspects of their designs work at the same time as the scenery and costume designers.
false
T/F: Styrofoam and urethane may eventually replace steel because of their greater strength and durability
false
T/F: The "sound score" is an audio recording of all of the sound effects for a production.
false
T/F: The technical director works for the scene designer and is supervised by the scene designer
false
Each of these is an example of a soft scenery unit EXCEPT
flat
What idea of practice did Adolphe Appia urge
flat painted scenery should be replaced with 3 dimensional
Specific illumination is
generated by spotlights
What did Jerzy Gutowski want to achieve
he wanted actors and audience to undergo an event wherein they might spiritually confront themselves
In the professional theatre, how are custom made beards, moustaches, and wigs typically made
human hair is tied with special needles onto a special woven net, then measured and cut to fit the performer
What is absurdism
intentionally ridiculous or bizarre behavior or character.
Area of the house
left, right, and center
Which accurately describes a function of costume design
may establish social and economic status of the characters
The term "mixed-media production" refers to what practice
mingling live action with projected still pictures, mingling live action with projected moving pictures, & using closed-circuit television to project images of the actors or the audience
Which is NOT considered a type of painted makeup effect
prosthetics
Which is NOT one of the functions of sound design
reinforces the stage composition
A "floor plan" (or ground plan)
shows the layout of all scenic units from a top view
The instrument schedule serves what purpose
summarizes in tabular form all of the technical information needed for setting up the lighting instruments
In most theatres, which person sees to it that the scenery is built appropriately
technical director
Which is NOT a controllable quality of light
texture
"Front elevations" show
the appearance of the unit including any molding, baseboards, or attached platforms
Artaud advocated for Theatre of Cruelty "Cruelty" refers to what
the audience being forced to confront itself in order to purge the unconscious mind of destructive impulses
A costume working drawing (or rendering) is a color sketch that shows
the costume from a distinctive angle, often including details of special features
The term "selective transmission" refers to what
the wavelengths of light that each color filter permits to pass through
What is the purpose of a costume chart
to communicate the broad organization of all the characters´ costumes in a single glance
T/F: A "set prop" refers to a property that is attached to the setting or one that functions as part of the design, such as a sofa or a cabinet
true
T/F: In a technical rehearsal all properties typically are added to the rehearsal process
true
T/F: In the professional theatre, actors are responsible for applying their own makeup, though the costume designer may design it.
true
T/F: Realistic sound refers to sounds that stem from an identifiable source
true
T/F: Scene designers must consider their work in much the same way as interior decorators
true
T/F: The development of the dramatic action can be underscored by changes in what each character wears
true
T/F: The typical process of building a stage costume is to: (1) take the performer's measurements, (2) purchase the materials, (3) draft patterns for the cutting and shaping of the material, (4) construct the garment, and (5) fit the garment to the performer.
true
The way to warm-up before a performance is to
warm-up your mind, body, and voice. Mind-I will perform to the best my ability. I know I perform well and now is the time to show it. I'm excited about this opportunity to perform the experiences for others. I am satisfied with myself and who I am Body-yoga, doing arm and leg stretches, Voice- lip buzzing, saying your lips, teeth, and the tip of the tongue.
What is existentialism
a philosophical theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will.
What is expressionism
a style of painting, music, or drama in which the artist or writer seeks to express emotional experience rather than impressions of the external world.
Which is NOT part of a theatre's counterweight system
elevator
T/F: Although sound has always played an important role in theatrical production, it is not considered a separate art of design.
false
A "wagon" is generally used for
moving heavy or complex set pieces on and off stage
What is the Federal Theatre Project
nationwide program that aimed to provide jobs and americans with free adult, uncensored theatre
T/F: Costumes help to determine the amount, type and overall pattern of movement ans stage business
true
Who is considered an absurdist playwright
Samuel Beckett, Eugene Ionesco and Vaclav Havel
In an extended response, encourage your students to consider the functions of scene design. Provide an example of each function can be made manifest in a setting
1.Defines the performance space-delineates the areas that will be used for the action, masks the off-stage areas, & may define audience seating arrangement 2. Creates a floor plan- determines what scenic elements will be present and their arrangement, & this greatly influences the blocking, visualization, and stage movement 3. Visually characteristics the acting space-this may be done in many different ways depending on the play and the desired effect-(realistic representation of a particular locale, fragmentary settings which establish the general character of a locale, visual motifs and theatrical conventions of the play´s period, altering the time and place of the action, & flexible and nonspecific treatment of the space) 4.How the scene design characterizes the performance space may make a strong interpretative statement 5. Scene design creates mood and atmosphere 6.Scene design is only one part of total design that should not only look appropriate, but also function appropriately
What are the four levels of characterization? Explain how one might use the various functions of costume design to portray character traits related to each of the four levels of characterization.
Biological = gender, age, appearance, condition of health (The function indicatesIndicate gender and reflect age AND AdhereS to stereotypes of what is appropriate (Establish time and place Based on clothing worn at the time of the action Indicate a particular country or region Indicate a particular place Indicate a time of day or occasion) Sociological = profession, social class, economic status, family background, standing in community (The function indicates Establish social and economic status AND Distinguish between classes and indicate level of affluence) Psychological = attitudes, likes, dislikes, general emotional makeup, motivations, goals (Reflect a character's atypicality and Dress that departs from the norm. Establish or clarify character relationships by: Contrasting members of one faction and with the members of a rival faction, Identifying sympathetic and antagonistic relationships and Indicating an alteration in relationships through changes) Ethical = system of values, choices when faced with crises and conflicts
Who popularized the term "method acting"
Lee Strasberg
What are the controllable factors of light and the functions of lighting design? How can each function be made manifest in the lighting, using the controllable factors of light? Controllable factors of light
Lighting designers achieve their goals by manipulating the four controllable qualities of light: Intensity (brightness) Distribution Color Movement Intensity depends primarily on the number of lamps used and their wattages It may be increased or decreased in several ways The number or types of instruments focused on the same area or object The distance the instruments are from what is being illuminated The use of dimmers to dim or brighten The presence or absence of color filters Distribution refers to both the placement of the light source and the area which it illuminates Instruments may be mounted almost anywhere in the theatre The effect and the dimensionality of what is being illuminated varies greatly depending upon the direction from which the light comes Frontlight Backlight Crosslight (sidelight) Downlight Uplight Movement refers to perceptible alterations in any of the other controllable factors The control board may create apparent movement in intensity, color or distribution This may be accomplished by dimming and brightening selective instruments The focus of lighting instruments can be moved from one area of the stage to another, and their color filters can be changed as well Physically manipulated by an operator - follow spots Automated lighting instruments (computerized movement control) Movement allows light to change moment by moment in accordance with the shifting moods and development of the dramatic action Lights may be directed at one area, or may be distributed evenly or unevenly over the entire stage Functions of lighting Design The Functions of Stage Lighting Lighting designers use the controllable factors of light to fulfill the various functions of stage lighting Provides appropriate visibility Aid in composition - emphasis and subordination Affect audience perception of dimensionality (mass and form) This proves a powerful means of creating mood, atmosphere, and stylistic traits Enhance mood and atmosphere Reinforce style Realism The designer may establish a realistic light source (sun, moon, lamp, etc.) The designer may reflect a time of day, weather, season, or suggest the basic time period Nonrealism The source of the light and the way it is handled may be more arbitrary Underscore the development of the dramatic action The designer may also support the rhythmical patterns of scenes and changes from one scene to another Support the production concept through a combination of the other functions Although it serves many functions, lighting is among the most abstract of theatrical means Lighting works through suggestion and association Many lighting designers believe their designs to be most effective when they work in harmony with the other production elements
What are the director's responsibilities
The director´s responsibility is to the actors and back stage crew together and make everything go right before the play
What type of theatre did Amiri Baraka Advocate
a black separatist theatre: "By us, about us, for us"