thorax chapter 6 test

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the deep pockets or recesses of the pleural cavities are called the _______ and _______

costomediastinal and costodiaphragmatic recesses

where do the ribs attach to the spine?

costovertebral and costotransverse joints

the diaphragm attaches to the lumbar spine via two tendonous structures termed the ?

crura

what is the carina?

location where the trachea bifurcates into the left and right bronchi

what happens to the thymus gland after puberty?

it begins to shrink

what does thymosine do?

it is responsible for the development and maturation of lymphocytes

what is the main function of the thymus gland?

it is where leukocytes acquire means to chemically identify specific foreign invaders and where immature T-cells from marrow mave to mature

what do the pulmonary veins bring blood to?

left atrium

on which lung is the cardiac notch located?

left lung

where does the thoracic duct empty into?

left subclavian vein

the aorta arises from the_______

left ventricle

what makes up the apex of the heart?

left ventricle

what vessels carry blood from the lungs back to the heart?

pulmary veins

what four things bring oxygenated blood to the left atrium?

pulmonary veins

what chamber of the heart does dexoygenated blood first go?

right atrium

where does the right lymphatic duct empty into?

right subclavian vein

what is the pleura?

serous membrane lining the pleural cavity

what supplies blood to the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart?

superior and inferior vena cava

the secondary bronchi will further divide into what?

tertiary or segmental lung

what chamber recieves oxygenated blood from the lungs?

the left atrium

where does the blood pumped by the right ventricle go?

the lungs

what vessels does the right ventricle pump blood thru?

the pulmonary arteries

which branch of the bronchi is wider, shorter and more vertical in orientation?

the right bronchi

what valve seperated the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries?

the semi-lunar vavle

the aperture known as the _____________ allows for the passage of nerves, vessels, and viscera from the neck into the thoracic cavity

thoracic inlet

what does the thymus gland produce?

thymosine

what valve seperates the right atrium and the right ventricle?

tricuspid valve

what layer of the pleaura is the most inner and closely covers the lung and continues into fissures to cover individual lobes of the lung?

visceral layer

what is the serous membrane surrounding the herat called?

pericardium

how many pair of ribs are there?

12

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

12

how many layers is the pleura?

2

how many lobes does the left side of the lung have?

2

how many lobes does the thymus gland have?

2

how many lobes does the right side of the lung have?

3

how many openings does the diaphragm have?

3

how many lobes does the heart have?

5

how many true rib pairs do people have?

7

what vessel carries blood from the left ventricle?

aorta

what are the openings in the diaphragm for?

aorta, inferior vena cava, and the esophagus

what can be found in the mediastinum?

aorta/greater vessels, heart, esophagus, trachea and diaphragm

the left ventricle pumps blood through what valve to the aorta?

aortic semi-lunar valve

where is the mediasteinum?

area between the lungs

collateral circulaion between the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava is supplied by the _________

azygos veins

where is the thymus gland located?

beneath the sternum and above the trachea and heart

what vavle seperates the left atrium and the left ventricle?

bicuspid (mitral) valve

the first vessel to branch off the aortic arch is the __________

brachiocephalic artery

the superior vena cava is formed by the junction of the ____________

brachiocephalic veins

what are the three branches of the aorta?

brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian artery

what is another name for the medial angle of the lung?

cardiophrenic surface

what is the lateral angle of the lung?

castrophenic sulcus

what does the right lymphatic duct do?

collects lymph from the right upper side of the body.

what is the chief muscle of respiration?

diaphragm

what does the thoracic duct do?

drains all of the lymph fluid from the tissues below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm

it is located between the pericardium and the herat wall and is most prominent around the inflow and outflow of the heart?

endocardium

what does the thymus gland do from the gestation period to puberty?

establishes the immune system

what attaches to the manubrium?

first 2 pair of ribs and the clavicles

what acts as a passageway for vessels and nerves to enter and exit the lungs?

hilium

the thickest strongest muscle in the heart is located ________

in the left ventricle

what brings deoxygented blood to the right atrium?

inferior and superrior vena cava

what seperates the atria in the heart?

interatrial septum

what seperates the ventricles?

interventricular septum

what part of the body does the blood in the inferior vena cava come from?

lower portion of the body

within the mediastinum clusters of ______ are clumped around the great vessels, esophagus, bronchi, and carina

lymph nodes

what is the thoracic duct?

main vessel of the lymph system

what layer of the breast consists of glandular tissue< excretory ducts, and connective tissue?

mammory layer

what are the 3 parts of the sternum?

manubrium, body, and xiphoid

what is the middle muscular layer of the heart wall called?

myocardium

what are the two layers of the pleura called?

parietal and visceral layers

what is the outermost layer of the pleura called?

parietal layer


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