Topic 1 - Water Sources and Reservoir Management

Q32: Does algal blooms occur during the winter?

Yes, but are less likely to occur

Q27: The quantity of water that can be collected for a given use from surface or groundwater sources is called?

Yield

Q70: Small, usually microscopic animals found in lakes and reservoirs are called?

Zooplankton

Q62: What is the numerical range of pH?

0-14

Q78: If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is LESS than 50mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is?

0.9 lb/acre-foot

Q18: When was the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) put into law?

1974

Q19: When was the SDWA last amended?

1996

Q29: What percent of treated water has groundwater as its supply source?

25%

Q91: What type of lakes or reservoirs are operators more likely to encounter?

2nd Order Classification

Q42: The gathering of a liquid or gas on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

Adsorption

Q85: The gathering of a gas or liquid on the surface or interface zone of another material is called?

Adsorption

Q79: If the total alkalinity of a lake or reservoir is MORE than 50mg/L, the effective dosage of copper sulfate is?

5.0 lbs/acre-foot

Q28: Approximately how many feet of water evaporate annually from oceans?

6 Feet

Q30: What percent of treated water has surface water as it's supply source?

75%

Q22: What is one method of fixing the problem in question 21 (Short-Circuiting)?

Adding Baffles to the tank or basin

Q80: Which acid when added to bluestone, will delay the precipitation of copper sulfate from the bluestone solution?

Aliphatic Hydroxy Acid (such as citric acid)

Q55: Methyl Orange is used to measure what water parameters?

Alkalinity

Q77: What affects the efficiency of bluestone?

Alkalinity, pH, Suspended Matter, Water Temperature

Q1: Water rights to a water supply that is acquired for the beneficial use of water by following a specific LEGAL PROCEDURE are called ?

Appropriative

Q2: A natural underground layer of porous, water-bearing materials usually capable of yielding a larger amount of water is called?

Aquifer

Q81: What term is used to define a well or underground basin, in which the water is under pressure greater then atmospheric and will rise above the level of its upper confining surface if given the opportunity?

Artesian

Q76: What is another name for copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4 • 5 H2O)

Bluestone

Q94: When a reservoir freezes, ball floats for levels control become virtually useless. What other level device can be used in place of the ball floats?

Bubbler tube or manometer

Q33: The porous material just above the water table containing water is called ?

Capillary Fringe

Q43: What do you call an electrical system designed to prevent rust, corrosion, or pitting of metallic surfaces that are in contact with water or soil?

Cathodic Protection

Q44: What is the indicator organism that is found in the intestines of warm blooded animals including man and also in plants, soil, air, and water?

Coliform

Q36: Name five physical characteristics of water?

Color, Taste, Odors, Turbidity, & Temperature

Q38: A water system that has at least 15 service connections used by year round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year round residents is called?

Community Water System

Q5: The drop in the water table or level of water in the ground when water is being pumped is called?

Drawdown

Q54: A reservoir or lake that has a moderate amount of nutrients is called?

Mesotrophic

Q35: The largest cause of water borne illnesses in the United States is?

Cross Connection

Q3: A connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved or non-potable water supply is called ?

Cross-connection

Q90: Lakes or reservoirs are classified according to what parameter?

Depth

Q45: The development of vertical mixing within a lake or reservoir to eliminate separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life is called?

Destratification

Q59: What do you call the spontaneous mixing of all layers of water in a thermally stratified lake or reservoir?

Destratification; Overturn; Turnover

Q4: The theoretical time it takes for a small amount of water to pass though a tank at a given flow rate is called ?

Detention Time

Q9: The actual time in hours, minutes, or seconds that a small amount of water is in a basin or tank is called?

Detention Time

Q34: A branch of medicine which studies epidemics is called?

Epidemiology

Q47: Reservoirs and lakes that are rich in nutrients and very productive in terms of aquatic animals and plant life are called?

Eutrophic

Q7: What do you call the process by which water becomes a gas ?

Evaporation

Q8: The process by which water vapor passes into the atmosphere from living plants is called?

Evapotranspiration or Transpiration

Q74: After sundown, plants give off carbon dioxide which drastically reduces the dissolved oxygen level in a lake or reservoir. The oxygen depletion can cause what event?

Fish kill

Q10: A detailed description of all underground features discovered during the drilling of a well is called?

Geological Log

Q48: The vertical distance in feet equal to the pressure (PSI) at a specific point is called?

Head

Q11: What do you call the process of evaporation of water into air and it's return to earth by precipitation?

Hydrologic Cycle

Q51: What do you call the lowest layer in a thermally stratified lake of reservoir?

Hypolimnion

Q93: How can you minimize the entrance of silt into the intake system of a reservoir?

Install Baffles

Q73: When is the pH at its lowest level in a lake or reservoir?

Just before sunrise (5AM, 6AM)

Q56: What is the middle layer of a thermally stratified lake or reservoir called?

Metalimnion or Thermoclime

Q52: What do you call the portion of a body of fresh water extending from the shoreline lake ward to the limit of occupancy of rooted plant life?

Littoral Zone

Q53: What is the strip of land along the shoreline between the high and low water levels?

Littoral Zone

Q88: When a reservoir freezes, what action is necessary to protect structures and embankments?

Lower the reservoir water lever

Q57: Lakes and reservoirs that do not freeze during the winter and are relatively deep and generally undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle are called?

Monomictic

Q94: What type of device is usually used for withdrawing water form a lake or reservoir?

Multilevel Intake

Q64: What compounds react with chlorine to form THMs?

Naturally occurring volatile organics

Q39: Any public water system that is not community water system is classified as a?

Non-Community Water System

Q12: Water that contains objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents is called?

Non-potable Water

Q58: Lakes and reservoirs that are nutrient poor and contain little plant or aquatic plants or animal life are called?

Oligotrophic

Q13: Water that is free from objectionable tastes, odors, color, and turbidity and is at a desirable temperature is called?

Palatable Water

Q14: Disease causing organisms are called?

Pathogens

Q63: What do you call the process by which organisms with the aid of chlorophyll( green plant enzymes) convert CO2 and inorganic substances into oxygen and additional plant material, using sunlight for energy?

Photosynthesis

Q86: What do you call small, usually microscopic plants, such as algae, found in lakes and reservoirs?

Phytoplankton

Q15: Water that DOES NOT contain objectionable pollution, contamination, minerals, or infective agents and is considered safe to drink is called?

Potable

Q16: Water rights which are acquired by DIVERTING WATER AND PUTTING IT TO USE in accordance with specified procedures are called?

Prescriptive Rights

Q92: What is the purpose of a screen or trash rack on a multilevel intake structure?

Prevent fish, leaves, debris, etc from entering the WTP

Q40: The three basic objectives of a WTP operator are?

Produce potable and palatable water at a reasonable cost

Q41: What is the first priority for operating a water treatment?

Production of potable water free of harmful bacteria and toxic materials; health and welfare of the consumer

Q37: A water system that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily at least 60 days of the year is called?

Public Water System

Q89: To protect the bubbler tube from ice formation, the tube should be equipped with what device?

Pyrotenax Cable (heating tape)

Q17: Water rights which are acquired together with TITLE TO THE LAND bordering a source of surface water are called?

Riparian Rights

Q20: The annual quantity of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting the source permanently is called?

Safe Yield

Q84: What term is used to define a DETAILED EVALUATION and/or INSPECTION of a source of water supply and all conveyances, storage, treatment, and distribution facilities to ensure protection of the water supply from all pollution sources?

Sanitary Survey

Q66: A flat, white disc lowered into water by a rope until it is just barley visible is called?

Secchi Disc

Q67: The point at which the Secchi Disc is barely visible is called?

Secchi Disc Transparency

Q46: In direct filtration, which treatment process is omitted?

Sedimentation

Q21: A condition that occurs in water tanks or basins that causes the water entering the tank to flow on a direct path from the inlet to the outlet is called ?

Short-Circuiting

Q31: When do reservoirs or lakes destratify?

Spring or Fall

Q23: The formation of separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life in a lake or reservoir is called?

Stratification

Q69: The greatest dilution of a sample with odor free water that still yields a just-detectable odor is called?

TON (Threshold Odor Number)

Q6: When is the DRAWDOWN taken?

When the pump is running

Q82: When is the drawdown of a well taken?

When the pump is running

Q68: The minimum or do or a water sample that can be detected after successive dilutions with odorless water is called?

Threshold Odor Number (TON)

Q65: Why is air added to a lake or reservoir?

To replenish DO (Dissolved Oxygen)

Q24: The cloudy appearance of water caused by the presence of suspended and colloidal matter is called?

Turbidity

Q25: Nephelometric units are used to measure what parameter?

Turbidity

Q26: What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater in an unconfined aquifer called ?

Water Table

Q75: Regulations enacted for land areas that surround a source of water are called?

Watershed

Q60: What term is used to express the intensity of the basic or acidic condition of water(liquid)?

pH

Q61: The logarithm (base ten) of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity is called?

pH

Q72: After sundown, what change takes place in a lake or reservoir that has experienced an algal bloom?

pH goes down

Q71: What change takes place in a lake or reservoir during day time when there is an algal bloom?

pH goes up