Trey - Biology - Active Transport, Endocytosis, and Exocytosis (BOOK)
The prefix exo- means _____
"out of"
The prefix endo- means ___.
"taking in."
Most active transport proteins use energy from the breakdown of _______.
ATP
_____ can transport materials against a concentration gradient.
Proteins
Drives molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient
active transport
the movement of a substance against its concentration gradient by the use of transport proteins embedded in the cell membrane and chemical energy
active transport
the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient
active transport
In what ways does active transport differ from endocytosis and exocytosis?
active transport uses proteins, endocytosis and exocytosis uses vesicles
Most transport proteins change shape when they _____ to a target molecule or molecules.
bind
Active transport proteins have one key distinguishing feature, which is that they use ____ to move a substance against its concentration gradient.
chemical energy
a process that takes substances into a cell
endocytosis
the process of taking liquids or large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a vesicle
endocytosis
Cells use _____ to transport materials that cannot diffuse across a membrane.
energy
During endocytosis, the vesicle membrane fuses with a lysosome, and the membrane and its contents are broken down by ____________.
enzymes
a process that releases substances outside a cell
exocytosis
the process of releasing materials from a cell by fusion of a vesicle with the cell membrane
exocytosis
the movement of molecules through selective membrane proteins
facilitated diffusion
All transport proteins span the _____.
membrane
a term that means "cell eating." It describes a type of endocytosis.
phagocytosis
a type of endocytosis that means "cell eating"
phagocytosis
What is are the functions that exocytosis carries out in the human body?
releases hormones and digestive enzymes and transmits nerve impulses
the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient
simple diffusion
In what ways are active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis similar?
they all require energy
A cell may transport a substance in _____ if the substance is too large to cross the membrane.
vesicles
Endocytosis and exocytosis transport materials across the membrane in ___.
vesicles
