T's Embalming Chemistry Review
estimated shelf life of embalming chemicals
2-5 years
how many carbon atoms are there in a molecule of benzaldehyde
7
which of the following would not normally be present in cavity fluid
active dye
mercuric chloride is a good disinfectant that is
against the law
the term tincture refers to a solution that has _________ as its solvent
alcohol
which of the following are used as preservatives in arterial fluids: esters, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, alcohols, amines, phenolic compounds
aldehydes, alcohols, phenolic compounds
some special purpose autopsy chemicals are: liquids, solids or powders, gels
all
which of the following are actions of preservative chemicals: inactivate the chemical groups of proteins, and/or amino acids, inhibit decomposition, inactivate enzymes, kill microorganisms, destroy odors and eliminate their further production
all
which of the following are reactions associated with formaldehyde: exists in water as methylene glycol, is prevented from polymerization to paraformaldehyde by the presence of methanol, preserves amino acids without coagulation, denatures preserves and coagulates proteins
all
which of the following are the correct steps in the partial oxidation series of methane: A.) methane, methanol, methanal, methanoic acid, CO2 and water B.) methane, methyl alcohol, formaldehyde, formic acid, CO2 and water C.) CH4, CH3OH, CHOH, HCOOH, CO2 & H20 D. ) all
all
proteins are compounds composed of many ________ linked together
amino acids
sodium citrate when used in embalming fluids, functions as
anticoagulant
citrates and oxilates are usually added to embalming fluids to act as
anticoagulants
which of the following are basic types of embalming chemicals: arterial, cavity, accessory, domestic, complimentary
arterial, cavity, accessory
self destruction of the body by its own enzymes
autolysis
the digestion of cells by the body's own enzymes
autolysis
the simplest of all the aromatic aldehydes
benzaldehyde
which of the following are commonly used deodorants used in the funeral home: benzaldehyde, oil of sassafras, banana extract, oil of cloves, vanilla extract
benzaldehyde, oil of sassafras, oil of cloves
glycerol, sorbitol, and glycol are all: polyhydroxy alcohols, used as humectants in arterial fluids
both
supplementary germicides often employed in the preparation......: quaternary ammonium compounds, gluteraldehydes
both
surface tension reducers allow water to flow through smaller apertures: sulfanates, sodium laurel sulfate
both
water conditioning agents used to sequester calcium ions in hard water: sodium citrate, sodium salt of edta
both
which of the following are employed in embalming formulas as surfactants: sulfanates, sodium laurel sulfates
both
which of the following are supplementary germicides often added to some arterial fluids: quaternary ammonium compounds, gluteraldehydes
both
borax is used in arterial fluids as a
buffer
borax, sodium cintrates, and sodium salt of edta are all used as
buffers
substances that are used to maintain pH balance of solutions
buffers
those fluids used to treat the contents of the hollow lumens of the internal organs
cavity fluids
sawdust
cellulose
those fluids that are employed at the same time as the preservative chemicals
coinjection
which of the following is not important in determining the shelf life of arterial fluids: cost of fluid, exposure to extreme temperatures, presence of antipolymerizing agents, exposure to light
cost of fluid
the decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes by aerobic bacteria
decay
impart color
dyes
which of the following substances is used as a buffer in arterial solutions: edta, sorbitol, heparin, lanolin
edta
involves the process of preservation, disinfection, and restoration of the deceased human body
embalming chemistry
paraformaldehyde is a polymere of
formaldehyde
determined by the total amount of formaldehyde which protein will combine with to be completely preserved
formaldehyde demand
a 5 carbon dialdehyde
gluteraldehyde
which of the following are often used as humectants: paradichlorobenzene, sodium laurel sulfate, glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol
glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol
which one of the following is not found in preinjection fluids
high concentration of formaldehyde
which of the following is not a characteristic of jaundice fluids: high index of formaldehyde, low index of formaldehyde, strong reducing agent, dyes
high index
the function of glycerol in embalming fluids
humectant
polyhydroxy alcohols are a class of compounds often added to arterial fluids to act as
humectants
the arterial fluids in arterial fluids glycols act as
humectants
water retention chemicals employed in arterial fluids
humectants
which of the following are modifying agents often added to arterial fluids: humectants, preservatives, surfactants, vehicles, buffers
humectants, surfactants, buffers
which of the following statements is false about arterial fluids: arterial fluids normally : are injected into body cavity, are injected into the arterial system, contain dyes, contain surfactants
injected into body cavity
special purpose fluids are often classified as
jaundice fluids and high index fluids
emulsified oil used as a humectant and to give a soft texture to the skin
lanolins
one major characteristic of preinjection fluids is: little or no preservative, heavy dye content, limited use of surfactants
little or no preservative
currently the most often used preservative for embalming process
methanal; formaldehyde
polymerization of formaldehyde is inhibited by the addition of
methanol
oil of wintergreen is chemically
methyl salicylate
unlike arterial fluids, cavity fluids do not generally contain
modifying agents
what is the purpose of paradichlorobenzene in embalming powders
mold inhibitor
the cross linking that takes place between protein molecules in the embalming of tissue occurs between _________ in adjacent molecules
nitrogen atoms
which of the following are true of reactions with formaldehyde: exists in water as ethylene glycol, preserves amino acids by coagulation, converts biliverdin to bilirubin
none
chemical most commonly found in hardening compound: methyl alcohol, paraformaldehyde, isopropyl alcohol, alum, erythrocine, aluminum chloride
paraformaldehyde, alum, aluminum chloride
hide odors: perfuming agents, masking agents, dyes, humectants
perfuming agents, masking agents
esters have been added to arterial formulations to act as
perfuming and masking agents
most often used as fillers for autopsied bodies where the viscera has been withheld by the medical examiners office
perlite
volcanic rock
perlite
the hardening agent found in hardening compounds
plaster of paris
what class of compounds is used as humectants
polyhydroxy alcohols
those fluids often used prior to the injection of preservative chemicals
preinjection fluids
phenol when used in an arterial formulation serves as a
preservative
the function of methanal in embalming fluids is
preservative
components of embalming solution used to inactivate the active groups of chemical proteins and amino acids
preservatives
the decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes by anaerobic bacteria
putrefaction
the action of formaldehyde has on proteins is
reversible in the presence of an abundance of water
caused by the severe dehydration effect of formaldehyde on tissue
searing
complete oxidation involves
the removal of all hydrogen from a compound
complete reduction involves
the removal of all oxygen from a compound
an aqueous solution uses _________ as the vehicle
water
which of the following is the most often used vehicle in arterial formulations
water
the most commonly used vehicles in the embalming operation
water and alcohol
which of the following are dyes used in arterial formulations: jensen violet, eosin, erythrocine, ponceau red, jaundice
eosin, erythrocine, ponceau red
the class of organic compounds most often employed as deodorants in embalming fluids
esters
a humectant commonly used in modern embalming fluids is
sorbitol
gels are most often used to treat
surface problems
surface tension reducers
surfactants
