Types of synovial joints

Saddle Synovial Joint

Biaxial; 2 saddle-shaped articulating surfaces oriented at right angles to eachother EX - thumb (carpometacarpal pollicis), intercarpal, sternoclavicular

Ellipsoid (Condyloid) Synovial Joint

Biaxial; Modified ball-socket; Articular surfaces of one bone fit into a complementary depression in another, it permits all angular movements eg radiocarpals(wrist) and knuckle.

Ball-and-Socket Synovial Joint

Multiaxial; allows wide range of motion in all directions; EX - shoulder and hip joints

Plane (Gliding) Synovial Joint

Non-axial; 2 flat bone surfaces w/slight gliding motion; some rotation poss but limited by surrounding structures; EX - intervertebral, intercarpal, acromioclavicular, carpometacarpal, costovertebral, intertarsal, sacroiliac, tarsometatarsal

Biaxial Synovial Joint

Occuring around 2 axes at right angles to each other; Examples: saddle and condyloid joints, it permit angular movement include flexion, extension, abduction and abduction

Uniaxial Synovial Joint

Occuring around one axis, movement only in one plane. Examples: pivot and hinge joints. Eg atlas and dens proximal radioulna joints

Multiaxial Synovial Joint

Occuring around several axes; Examples: ball and socket joints.

Non-axial joints

Slipping movement only, no axis around which movement can occur. Example: gliding joints

Four Types of Synovial Joint Movements

Uniaxial, Biaxial, Multiaxial, Nonaxial (gliding)

Hinge Synovial Joint

Uniaxial; Convex cylindar in one bone applied to corresponding concavity in other; EX - elbow, ankle, knee, interphalangeal

Pivot Synovial Joint

Uniaxial; Rotation around single axix; Cylinderical bony process rotating within circle of bone and ligament; EX - articulation between dens and atlas (atlantoaxial), proximal radioulnar, distal radioulnar