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How did the verdict in Brown v. Board of Education relate to the verdict in Plessy v. Ferguson?

It set a new legal precedent on the issue of segregation.

In 1868, what was the most important reason to include the equal protection clause in the Fourteenth Amendment?

African Americans were not protected under the law.

How are the Griswold v. Connecticut and Roe v. Wade cases similar?

Both challenged the constitutionality of state laws.

Why did Allan Bakke file a lawsuit?

He felt he was denied admission to school based on race.

Why was Homer Plessy arrested?

He sat down in a train's whites-only car.

What idea was the decision in Griswold v. Connecticut based upon?

If the Constitution forbids self-incrimination, husbands and wives should not be forced to testify against each other. NOT THIS ONE

How did the decision in Regents v. Bakke affect individual rights?

It protected rights by letting race be an admissions factor.

A right is unenumerated if it is

interpreted by the Supreme Court. NOT THIS ONE (assumed to be a fundamental right. THIS ONE)

The citizenship clause of the Fourteenth Amendment says a naturalized person

is a citizen, just like someone who was born in the United States.

What does the term "mandate" mean in terms of civil rights and liberties?

a requirement

In order to extend the civil rights of slaves after the Civil War, the United States

banned slavery with the Thirteenth Amendment and created new protections with the Fourteenth Amendment.

Through which clause did state governments become bound by the Bill of Rights?

due process clause

Which best explains the purpose of the Ninth Amendment?

ensure individual freedoms

No state shall make or enforce any law which shall [take away] the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States.

equal protection under the law.

Which action would be protected by the Ninth Amendment?

explaining medical problems to a personal physician in confidence

What were affirmative action programs originally designed to encourage?

increasing diversity in public institutions and businesses

Why did the Supreme Court expand the incorporation of the Bill of Rights?

to ensure equal treatment for all citizens

Which issue did the Supreme Court answer in the case of Duncan v. Louisiana?

whether the Sixth Amendment guarantee of a jury trial applies to the states

The enforcement clause of the Fourteenth Amendment states that Congress has the authority to

make laws to apply the amendment.

If a person has a right that is stated in the Constitution, that person has

other rights that are not mentioned

After the Civil War, the federal government began to extend civil rights to African Americans by

passing amendments to the Constitution.

The cartoon shows an officer from the federal government

protecting freed African Americans.

Which privacy right is protected by Supreme Court decisions in Griswold v. Connecticut and Roe v. Wade?

right to be left alone

Which action would be considered an act of civil disobedience?

rioting, which causes damage to private and government property

The practice of selective incorporation means that the Bill of Rights will

sometimes be applied to the states by the court.

How did the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson affect the legalities of segregation?

t set "separate but equal" as a legal precedent.

In the case Gitlow v. New York, Gitlow argued

that his First Amendment rights were being violated.

If two people of different ethnic backgrounds were guilty of the same crime, but only one of them were accused and tried, this would be a violation of

the right of citizenship and due process. NOT THIS ONE due process and equal protection under the law. this one

Read the excerpt from the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. [N]or shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.

All states follow similar rules and legal processes.

When Chief Justice Earl Warren stated, "A sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn," what was he essentially stating?

Low self-esteem can have a negative impact on grades.

Which is a main idea in the Ninth Amendment?

Some right are not included in the constitution but are still protected

What impact was affirmative action designed to have?

creating quotas for minority admissions or hiring

What was the impact of the Griswold v. Connecticut ruling?

couples were allowed to keep their married descions private

The right to privacy protects citizens from

government intrusion